Intelligent Extracting Method for Feature Mode of Electric Days Load

Generally there have a number of bad data in the electric load data and it affects the precision of load forecasting,so it is necessary for extracting the feature mode of days load data,then cleaning the load data before it is used to forecasting electric load or performing power system analysis.Inspired by soft clustering thought,a intelligent feature mode of days load data extracting method is proposed based on the mutual offset of fuzzy c-means clustering arithmetic and Kohonen self organization feature map neural network.With the merits of not only high extracting precision and convergent speed but also dynamic calculation capability,the method proposed can supply load forecasting or system analysis procedure with due data.Test results using actual data of Chengqu power supply bureau in Chongqing demonstrate the effectivity and feasibility of the method.     

Characteristics of combustion and NOx emission in lowconcentration coal bed methane boiler retrofitted from coal fired boiler

Coal fired chain grate boiler is retrofitted to coal bed methane boiler. The flow, combustion and NOx emission characteristics of low concentrations methane in the boiler furnace are studied by the numerical simulation and experiments. The results show that the axial velocity reaches the maximum at 0.5 m from the nozzle and declines sharply in the range of -0.4~0.4 m on the width direction. With the heat load increases, the position of highest temperature moves to the rear of furnace and the simulation and experimental results agree well. At the front of the furnace, the obvious bimodal distribution of temperature at low heat load along the width direction is found, but it is a single peak distribution at 100% heat load. At the rear of the furnace, the temperature shows bimodal distribution at all kinds of heat loads. Gas temperature at boiler furnace outlet increases linearly with the increasing of heat load but the experimental results are slightly lower than the simulated results. The NOx is mainly produced in the middle and rear of furnace with high temperature, and the position of NOx peak lags far behind that of temperature peak. With the excess air coefficient increases, the highest furnace temperature and NOx generation increases and then decreases.     

Cellular automata spatial temporal data model and forecasting approach

The standard cellular automata(CA) model is expanded to meet requests of space time dynamic simulation and forecast under the platform of geographic information system(GIS). Taking power load forecasting of the electric power industry as the specific application, the relations between dynamic model of the land use and power load space are established. The data and attribute data interactive discrete in spatial temporal data management have been solved. The CA theory is practically used to simulate the process of urban land use dynamic development, to forecast future land use types of each small area, to establish spatial load forecasting model. It breaks through the localization of all kinds of forecasting methods of traditional space time separation power prediction. The effectiveness of the prediction method is verified by example.     

电锅炉供暖日光温室土壤加温系统研究

采用普通燃煤锅炉进行日光温室加温是目前常用的一种冬季采暖方式,但也存在着环境调控水平低、能源浪费和费工、费力等问题。本文采用新型电锅炉供暖方式对土壤进行加温,并配套设计了土壤温度自动监测与控制系统,大大降低了系统耗电量,经过性能测试和经济性分析,表明该套系统是经济可行的,为单栋日光温室加温提供一种有效且环保的新方法。     

Optimal Standby Capacity and Its Valuation in Power Pool

The problem of optimal standby capacity and its valuation in Power Pool is very important and complicated. On the basis of researching literatures concerned, this paper constructs an optimal standby capacity model and researches the problem of pricing optimal standby capacity and determining power price on the user-side. The result shows that the optimal standby capacity at some period t is completely determined by the probability distribution density function of power load demand at this period and surplus power loss and insufficient power loss, and the price of optimal standby capacity is determined by real power price of entering power grid and the power price of forecasting load demand, and the expected power price on the user-side consists of the settlement price with grid loss on generation-side and reasonable gains and expected additional loss.     

Application of data mining method in power load bad data intelligent identification and correction

There is a number of bad data in the load database produced, thus the data must be cleaned before it is used to forecasting electric load or performing power system analysis. The WKFCM measures distance by kernel functions instead of the complicated Euclidean distance and this kernel based distance is used as dissimilarity function of target clustering formula which can reduce the calculation complexity. After the clustering, a super circle covering neural network based identification model for load data is proposed, and the bad data is modified. It is proved that the proposed data processing model has good effect.     

Influence of oygen-enriched combustion technology on overall performance of 220 t/h gas boiler

A 220 t/h gas boiler of some steel group is taken as the study objectand the idea of oxygen-enriched stable combustion is proposed and proved to be feasible with the furnace heat transfer model in order to make reasonable use of existing resources and improve the combustion stability of gas boiler in low load operation.Detailed analysis has been made about the effects of oxygen-enriched combustion on the flu gas temperaturecombustion stability boiler thermal efficiency and so on.The results show that the oxygen-enriched combustion technology can greatly improve the overall performance of the boiler.     

Methods of City Gas Load Forecasting and Their Analysis

Gas load forecast has great influence on the planning, operation and control of gas system and has obvious economic benefit. In this paper the methods of gas load forecasting and their characteristics are systematically introduced. Then, it is pointed out that gas load forecasting is an important manner in modem management of gas system.     

Processing Fault Data Method in Load Forecasting Based on Wavelet Analysis

The reliability and reality of load historical data is the foundation of load forecasting.But,the impact load in running power system,and the disturb data in collecting load data through the SCADA may cause much fault data in load historical data. Focusing on solving this problem, a method through adjusting amplitade of its wavele modulus maxima and processing the wavelet decomposed detail signal by soft threshold based on wavelet analysis and singularity theory, then fault date can be eliminated,so that,the real historical imformation and regulation data can be gained by load forecasting.     

Application of Attribute Reduct Method in Spatial Load Forecasting

Spatial load forecasting is a process distributing the total forecasted load to all partitioned area, and involving more spatial information and more factor influencing application of the future small area, which need a great deal of memory space and longer operation time. Rough set is new method of data analysis. It need not be provided with any advanced information except data set. But attribute reduct is its main algorithms. Division matrix approach on rough set used to reduce the attribute related to land - use decision in order to remove redundancy attribute and then the rules of small area land - use decision is distilled. The method obtained better effect and enhanced the total load forecasting efficiency.     

Calculating the Cooling Load of Cars'' Air-Conditioning System

This paper adopts harmonic reaction method to calculate the cooling load of the air conditioning system of the NO.1011A loaded miniature cars in Chongqing Chang'an Automobile Company .The study indicates that harmonic reaction method is more exact than traditional steady method to show the dynamic characteristic of cooling load. The maximum cooling load appears on 2:00 pm, it's 3 098 W. Among the whole cooling load,heat load through windows and heat load through components are the biggest,they occupy 50% of the whole amount. Heat load of air leaks occupies 27.3%,which shows that it is necessary to improve the seal of cars. Chongqing Chang'an Automobile Company develops optimize design for the air condition system with this result, which reaches a perfect climate effect.     

Local Nonlinear Forecasting of Short-term Power Load Forecasting

The nearest points in phase space are determined by Euclid distance in chaotic local prediction. The prediction accuracy depends on quality of the nearest points. But the shortest distance does not imply better forecasting effect. While false nearest neighboring point or high embedding dimensions appear evolvement track of some nearest neighboring point should be apart from prediction point. Because it is difficult for Euclid distance to reflect the correlation degree between the nearest points and prediction point. So the idea of combining Euclid distance with correlation degree is put forward. The method is applied to short-term electrical load forecasting. The result of load series forecasting by the presented method is more effective to improve prediction accuracy.     

Power Plant Bid Decision-making Stragegy Based on Accounting Theory

The main theortical basis that management accountant can be regarded as electricity-generating commerce is brought forward.The main contents of management accountant,such as cost analysis,quantity benefit analysis,estimate analysis,the decision analysis,the budget,cost control,responsibility center,the possibility of the indetermination analysis theories on generating electricity,feasibility and advantages,are analyzed and demonstrated in detail.Based on these works and combining knowledge of computer,related knowledge about power and the latest rules of electric power market,the functional design for the power plant biding for on-net assistant system is completed.The power plant bid decision-making stragegy includes following functions: receiving and declareing the data of the electric power market,protecting cost analysis,protecting price decision,predicting load,safe area analysis,superior distribution,settle accounts,sensitivity analysis,controlling plan management and risk analysis etc.     

Optimization of Load Distribution for Industrial Boilers Running in Divided Period

A more practical and economic optimization mathematical model of load distribution for industrial boilers is presented. The optimum load rates of boilers are advanced by the method of static boiler model. The target function is built up, and in particular the restrictions are established. The theory of load assignment is checked through a project case. For various industrial boilers, once the definite characteristic functions of fuel consumption are given, the optimal load assigmnent can be obtained using this optimization model.     

Application of Combination Grey Model in Power Load Forecasting

Based on the gray forecast theory, this paper studies the principle and deficiency in power load forecasting by the basic grey model and other improved models, and introduces a new method -the combination grey model to forecast the long-medium power load. Based on an example, the basic grey model, other improved models and combination grey model are used to forecast power load and results of all models are analyzed and compared. The calculation results show that forecasting power load by grey theory is credible and simple. For this type of complex problems such as forecasting the long-medium power load, the combination grey model is specially useful because of it's high precision and facility. The method can be used as one of the tools of forecasting the long-medium power load.     

A Fuzzy Regression Method for Long-Term and Medium-Term Load Forecasting

In view of the observation data fuzziness and load pattern fuzziness,a new fuzzy regression prediction method was presented for long-term and medium-term load forecasting. With the established fuzzy regression model, the future load value can be forecasted based on the fuzzy historical observation data. The validity of the proposed method was verified with the numerical example of a practical system.     

Analysis of the Impact of Electric-Rate-change on Local Economy--With the Demonstration of Chongqing City

Analyses impact of China electric market changes on electric rate is analysed.Itispoinfed out that with the change of the conditions of China electric market,the electric rate should not be priced only with the considering of the supply side's cost,and that it will be more important to consider the possible reaction of the demand side's demand to the change of electric rate. the indexes of the influences of electric rate change on local economy are put forw ard, such as rate of electric cost to product value, price rising rate. The demonstrate impact of electric rate's possible change on local economy is calculated with the data of Chongqing City, 2000.     

Simulation of Ventilation and Air Conditioning Project in Xiluodu Underground Hydroelectric Power Station

For the benefit of environment protection and sustainable economic development especially in western china, to build more hydroelectric power stations is a basic policy of our government. Xiluodu project is the biggest underground hydroelectric power station. which includes 18 power generation units with a capacity more than 12 600 MW. By establish a set of heat and humidity balance equations applying on the Xiluodu project underground workshop with its boundary conditions, this paper has present an one_dimensional heat conduction model to simulate its dynamical heat transfer process. On the purpose of compare deferent design schemes of HVAC system, a package of software for numerical simulation is developed. In this paper,we have also recommend some criteria for the evaluation of HVAC system design schemes. The computation result has show that if utilizing the reservoir water and AC chiller to process the air,combing other anti_humidification technical measures,it will assure the anticipated air quality of underground facilities.     

The Analysis of Price Situation and the Forecast of Price Index of China in 1995

The essay analyses first cause of formation of price big increasing of China in1994,and forecasts prics situation in 1995 according to the diversity and complexity of price in-creasing cause and Box-Jenkins model,via test the forecasting result is gualified and is quite a greedwith practice,Finally,we put forward several views of controling price increase in 1995.     

Prediction Method of Electrical System Marginal Price Based on Sequence Operation Theory

The price of electricity is one of the key questions in the electricity market. As the widely used theory of marginal price of electricity in the power system, its marginal price of electricity predicts that should fully consider the uncertainty of load, uncertainty of generating set forcing stoppage and uncertainty of the quotation to power generator at random. Through redefining effective capacity state and derivation polymorphism sets, the systematic effective capacity function of prohahility is found out by applying probability sequence operation theory to generate electricity, a kind of other method of the systematic effective capacity function of probability has been found. Based on this function of probability distribution and the definition of system marginal price, the authors fully consider various uncertainty factor of effecting system marginal price, accurate forecast system marginal price. Numerical example analysis have proved the correctness of theoretical analysis, show the precision of algorithm forecast get raising.