Design of Cooling/Heating Floor AC Systems in Residential Buildings

This paper puts forward a new way in air_conditioning,which combines the fresh_air supply unit and such floor radiation system for the dehumidication and cooling in summer or heating in winter. By analyzing its advantages and limitations, it is found that this so called Cooling/Heating Floor AC System can improve the IAQ of residential building while keep high efficiency quality. It is also recommended that an methodology for the HVAC system designing,which will ensure the reduction of energy cost of users.     

Study on Simulation Method of Heating and Air - conditioning Energy Consumption of Residential Buildings

The heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings is influenced by the behavior of indoor living personnel.On the basis of research and analysis,two kinds of calculation modes reflecting the behavior of indoor living personnel are estimated.Under two kinds of different calculation modes,by using the building thermal environment simulation Toolkit DeST to simulate the energy consumption calculation for certain residential building in Shanghai,and the simulation results are compared with the research results.The influence of calculation mode on heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai is analyzed in this paper.In order to obtain the right simulation calculation method correctly reflecting the energy consumption of residential buildings.This method can be used for analysis and evaluation of heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai,and it can serve as instruction for right energy design of residence building.     

Investigation and Analyses of Building Energy Consumptionof Government Office Buildings in Chongqing Area

This article classifies the buildings by the time before and after energy-saving standard executed, based on the investigation of energy consumption in government office buildings of Chongqing, and analyses the energy distribution characteristics of these buildings, in which factors like the building area、air-conditioning 、management system are taken into account .Finally we acquire the energy consumption characteristics in government office buildings of Chongqing.     

Energy Efficiency Analysis of Heating System in the Birdhouse

In this paper the problem of energy consumption and environment in the birdhouse is introduced and the reconstructive measures aiming at energy savings are recommended. The measures include the limitation of temperature region, reconstruction of the building envelop and using the sunny board at the south side of the birdhouse roof. Finally, the energy efficiency of the reconstructive project is estimated.     

Effects of Operation Mode of Air Conditioning on Energy Consumption of Heating and Air Conditioning in Residential Buildings

By using the building thermal environment simulation Toolkit DeST to simulation calculation of a residential building in Shanghai,the quantitative relationship between the factors of operation mode of air conditioning affecting the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning in residential buildings has been obtained in this paper,moreover,it has come to a conclusion that the tolerable temperature is superior to control temperature of air conditioning in respect of sensitivity and the living mode of indoor personnel has certain effect on the cold energy consumption.     

Analysis of Building Energy Efficiency Contribution Ratio of Chongqing in "11th Five-Year Plan"

How much contribution ratio of building energy efficiency for Chongqing in "11th Five-Year Plan" to the target of reducing 20% energy consumption per 10,000RMB GDP was the important problem to promoting building energy efficiency work.It has important significance to make target and measure of building energy efficiency.In this paper,the developing situation of building energy consumption,building energy consumption and energy-saving index for Chongqing in "11th Five-Year Plan" were analyzed and calculated through the statistics data published by statutory bodies and pre-setting work scenarios of energy efficiency for Chongqing in "11th Five-Year Plan".Calculating result confirmed that energy efficiency for Chongqing in "11th Five-Year Plan" payed 15.5% contribution ratio to the target of 20% less energy consumption per 10,000RMB GDP till 2010 compared to 2005.     

Analysis on Economy and Energy -efficiency of the Measurable Heating System

This paper analyzes the energy-efficiency of the measurable heating system through the analysis of three main energy-efficient measures:room temperature control,system climate equalizing and variable-flux circulation,based on the data of local climate;it points out that the remarkable energy-efficiency of the measurable heating system is gained especially in cases of the use of residential mode for the residence and office mode for the public building.Then,according to the analysis of energy-efficiency and market price of equipment added for this heating measure,the economy of the measurable heating system is analyzed.The results indicate that heating companies have gained extraordinary profits from new heating measure,the benefit for the clients are fulfilled only by setting reasonable heating prices and the measurable heating should be in accord with the market rules.     

Effects of Heat Transfer Coefficient of External Window on Residential Buildings in Subtropical Areas

Using Designer's Simulation Toolkit DeST h developed by Tsinghua University, research was carried out on the energy consumption of a typical residential building in Ningbo, P. R. China, with a focus on the heat transfer coefficient of external windows facing every direction. Results show that variation of the heat transfer coefficient of external windows in all directions has a substantial effect on energy consumption for heating but little effect on energy consumption for cooling. It is difficult to decrease cooling energy consumption by decreasing the heat transfer coefficient of external windows in summer. The heat transfer coefficient of external windows facing south has a significant effect on building energy consumption, but the windows facing north have less effect, and those facing east and west have the least impact. Decreasing the heat transfer coefficient of external windows facing north and south from 4.7 to 3.2 produces the most favorable performance cost ratio for energy saving investments. Reasons for the decrease in the heat transfer coefficient of external windows leading to increased air conditioning energy consumption were discussed. The conclusions are useful for guiding energy efficient building design in other subtropical cities.     

Simulation Analysis and Calculation of Energy Consumption in Green Building Design:A Case Study in Chongqing

It is well known that green energy-saving building should be popularized with great effort. But when it comes to practice, a key stage of building design is how to choose energy-saving technology, products and measures for raising energy-saving levels according to a building's own features. In order to solve the problem, we consider simulate energy-consumption analysis as a tool to synthesize the effect of indicators, such as wall insulation, sunshade, lighting, ventilation etc. Then we compare the result with the national standard to make sure that the energy-saving technology, products and measures really work. As a result, the energy conservation measure can be determined and prominent energy-saving effect can be achieved.     

Annual Energy Consumption and Feasibility Assessment of Ground -Source Heat Pump in Residential Building in Fuzhou City

This paper describes the annual energy consumption and economic assessment of air-source heat pump(ASHP) and ground-source heat pump(GSHP),based on hourly building load of typical house in Fuzhou.Analysis results show that the energy consumption of GSHP is 15% less than that of ASHP through all year,where there is 13% less in summer and 20% less in winter.Although the seasonal energy efficiency ratio of GSHP in Fuzhou is higher than that of ASHP,it has no obvious effect on the energy efficiency as it is in the hot summer and cold winter zone.In comparison with ASHP,the GSHP is not cost-effective.     

Thermal Performance Optimization of Solar Heating Building Envelope in Tibet of China

Solar heating system is a promising sustainable energy source for buildings. Simulation models using EnergyPlus and TRNSYS were used to optimize the solar heating building enclose thermal insulation. The sensitive analysis of active solar heating system design parameters and energy consumption was conducted to study the influence of building envelope thermal performance on the active solar heating system. The two object functions, investing cost and lift time cost, were used to optimize the building envelope insulation. The results show that not only the energy consumption can be reduced by increasing the building envelope thermal performance, but also can minimize the investing cost.     

Research on Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency Design for Department Stores in Chongqing

In order to research energy efficiency design of public buildings, the large and medium scale of typical department stores in Chongqing are chosen as objects and twelve stores are investigated about their operational energy. Based on the investigation results, the composition and features of operational energy are analyzed ; it is shown that the short of effective measures in respect of architectural design leads to the high power consumption in department stores. According to the local climate and environment characteristics, this paper puts forward concept of holistic energy efficiency and offers series of design strategies which lead to energy conservation in stores,such asefficiency.regardingclimate as resources and applying appropriate technology to attain energy efficiency.     

Analyses of Current Situation of Energy Management in LargePublic Buildings of Chongqing

This study doing statistics of energy consumption and energy auditing of state organs buildings and large public building in Chongqing, then according to the buildings use function classification, analysis problems in energy management and give advices, provides theoretical foundation for establishing state organs buildings and large public building energy-saving system and improving level of building energy-saving management.     

The Analysis of Projects of CCHP System in the Building

The Tujia people have a long history and unique cultural traditions.The folk-house art found in western Hubei Province,P.R.China,is a typical representation of Tujia culture.Its external form,inner dealings,and its fit with the nature not only are the results of a perfect combination of practicality,aesthetics,and the combination of buildings with the environment,but these traits also embody the Tujia people's understanding of life and beauty.This article tries to find the deep-seated cultural foundations and spirits of Tujia traditional housing by researching and analyzing the aesthetic characteristics of its architectural form.The article also takes in the design essence of Tujia traditional housing for use in modern construction.     

重庆市不同收入等级的农村居民消费特征分析

为了进一步改善消费结构,提高农村居民的消费水平和生活质量,有针对性的对建设城乡统筹发展的直辖市提供科学的依据,本研究以2009年重庆市不同收入等级的农村居民人均消费支出构成数据为分析样本,运用SPSS中的“Correspondence Analysis”过程进行对应分析,得到了不同收入等级户之间、消费结构指标之间以及消费支出结构与不同收入等级户相互间关系的信息。结果表明,前2个公因子的累计贡献率达到了86.9%,其中第一主因子达到51.7%,主要以食品支出;交通通讯支出;衣着支出;教育文化娱乐及服务支出;医疗保健支出为表征。同时做出重庆市不同收入等级的农村居民消费支出对应分析平面点聚图,从中可以看出不同收入等级的农村居民消费结构上的差异。     

Design and Construction of an Air Conditioning System Employing a Ground Source Heat Pump Combined with a Radiant Floor

The air conditioning system using a ground source heat pump(GSHP) combined with a radiant floor integrates the advantages of both types,giving such a system large potential for popularization.After experimenting with one house's hybrid system,the design processes and construction methods for such a system can be summarized.In the experiment,different terminal devices were used to adopt varying winter and summer climatic conditions.It is suggested that the constructors should make good use of resources and waste water during the construction phase.The experimental results show that this hybrid system runs steadily and it supports a better temperature field to meet the requirement for the human comfort.Finally,a hybrid system managment strategy is suggested.     

双层对向正反燃烧单体供热技术在烤烟烘烤中的应用研究

为提高烤烟烘烤中燃料利用率,降低烘烤成本,减少环境污染,研究采用1个供热炉设上下2个炉膛,实现正向和反向同时对向燃烧,对比研究了双层对向正反燃烧单体供热设备和普通加热设备烤房烤烟烘烤性能。煤的燃烧充分,传统烟气中所含CO、CH4、碳粉尘等可燃物能得到充分、高效燃烧及利用。空载测试升温速率60℃/h,比普通烤房提高34℃;烘烤实载时,各阶段实测温湿度与目标温湿度吻合度高,完全能满足烘烤工艺的控制要求。双层对向正反燃烧单体供热设备烤房平均每千克干烟耗煤量、耗电量、综合能耗成本分别比普通烤房减少0.31 kg、0.05 kWh和0.33元,降幅分别为17.73%、14.36%和17.46%;烘烤操作等日常用工成本较普通供热设备少0.52元,降幅43.93%,且对烟叶烘烤质量无明显影响。双层对向正反燃烧单体供热设备升温速度快,平面温度均匀,烘烤过程中温湿度控制精准,能有效降低烘烤能耗和用工成本。     

重庆城市发展新区村镇住宅建筑用能模型

通过对重庆市城市发展新区村镇住宅建筑能耗的全年调研,得到了重庆城市发展新区村镇居民的用能习惯及村镇建筑的能耗水平。采用分类归纳法,对家用电器测试归纳,并对非用电设施调研估算归纳。基于实测数据和调研估算数据建立了重庆城市发展新区村镇住宅建筑用能模型,并进行验证。结果表明,重庆城市发展新区村镇住宅能源消费形式以电为主,为电+燃气+薪柴+煤+太阳能的混合型结构;村镇居民用能习惯在使用何种能源的选择上存在差异,但对同一种能源的使用差异性不大。实测数据表明,所建立的村镇住宅建筑用能模型能准确反映重庆城市发展新区新村镇住宅建筑用能的实际情况。     

缓冲空间对拉萨市居住建筑冬季采暖能耗的影响

冬季现场调研与热环境测试表明,拉萨市现有居住建筑的缓冲空间能明显改善室内热环境。但当地非采暖房间冬季热环境仍较差,居住建筑采暖需求明显。当地采暖能耗与环境负荷增长趋势明显。以拉萨市常见的单元式住宅为基础建立了热工计算模型,模拟分析了南北向缓冲空间进深设计对冬季采暖能耗的影响规律。结果表明：南北向缓冲空间均能有效降低模型的采暖能耗,其中,随着南向缓冲进深增大,模型采暖能耗呈递增趋势;随北向缓冲空间进深增大,模型采暖能耗呈先降后增趋势,北向缓冲空间模型之间能耗差很小。缓冲空间优化设计模型与基础模型的能耗对比分析显示,合理设置的南北向缓冲空间能够大幅降低采暖能耗。