羧甲茯苓多糖促诱生细胞因子的研究

羧甲基茯苓多糖１２．５－１００μｇ／ｍｌ对Ｎａｍａｌｗａ类淋巴细胞、Ｓ８０１和Ｓ７８１１白血病细胞促诱生干扰素－ａ效价比常规诱生高１０－２０倍；１０μｇ／ｍｌ对人血淋巴细胞促诱生干扰素－ｒ效价比常规诱生高８倍；１００μｇ／ｍｌ对人血淋巴细胞促诱生细胞介素－２效价可以达到２５００ＩＵ／display status     

羧甲基茯苓多糖促诱生细胞因子的继续研究

羧甲基茯苓多糖(Carboxymethylpachymaran,CMP)100μg/ml对人外周血淋巴细胞(HPBL)诱生肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)的效价比常规诱生分别高7.4、0.5、10.9倍;CMP100μg/ml与PHA10gg/ml或Con A5μg/ml复合诱生TNF、IL-6、IFN-γ的效价比常规诱生分别高31.5、1.8、28.9倍;CMP100μg/ml与PHA10μg/ml、Con A5μg/ml三联诱生TNF、IL-6、IFN-γ的效价比常规诱生分别高90.2、4.7、63.2倍;CMP100μg/ml与PHA10μg/ml复合诱导HPBL产生粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulatingfactor,GM-CSF)的效价可以达到8×10~4U/ml以上。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖诱导物的药用

茯苓 Poria cocos(Schw.) Wolf 具有利水渗湿、健脾宁心的功效。但是,β-茯苓聚糖占茯苓菌核的93％,却无抗肿瘤作用,如果把茯苓中的聚糖提取出来,使之转化成为羧甲基茯苓多糖(Carboxyme-thylpachymaran,CMP),就具有抗肿瘤作用。笔者1979年采用液相不振荡半合成工艺成功地制取了CMP,药理试验证明,CMP具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节、保肝降谷-丙转氨酶、减轻化放疗副反应的作用,毒理试验证明,CMP无不良毒副反应和无致畸无致突变结果。苏州医学院基因工程研究室的试验证明,CMP能诱导人白细胞产生α-干扰素(*~α-Interferon, α-IFN)、γ-干扰素(γ-Interferon, γ-IFN)、白细胞介素-2(Interleukin-2,IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor mecrosis factor, TNF)和粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, GM-CSF)等分子免疫物质。本文报道苏州医学院基因工程研究室应用笔者提供的CMP所诱导的细胞因子(分子免疫物质)的药用。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖研究进展

羧甲基茯苓多糖 (CMP)对小鼠肿瘤U-14 、昆明种小鼠肉瘤 -180 肝癌H2 2 、小鼠Lweis肺癌有抑制作用。CMP能明显增强荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能、小鼠脾抗体分泌细胞数以及特异的抗原结合细胞数及小鼠对牛血清白蛋白诱导的迟发型超敏反应。CMP具有间接抗病毒、保肝与催眠作用。CMP能诱导人血淋巴细胞产生干扰素、白细胞介素、肿瘤坏死因子与粒 -巨噬细胞集落刺激因子。CMP静脉注射小鼠的LD50 为 3 13± 0 14g/kg。CMP 313mg/ (kg·d)连续静脉注射 3个月 ,犬没有呈现毒副作用。CMP 2 5 0mg/kg腹腔注射小鼠无致突变结果、大鼠无致畸胎结果。CMP 313mg/kg静脉注射家兔 ,4 8h后血浓中CMP基本消失     

羧甲基茯苓多糖的化学研究

茯苓Ｐｏｒｉａｃｏｃｏｓ（Ｓｃｈｗ）的菌核经稀碱提取，酸适度水解，羧甲基化，透析，Ｓｅｖａｇｅ法除蛋白，醇析，Ｓｅｐ－ｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００柱层析纯化，得羧甲基茯苓多糖（Ｃａｒｂｏｘｙｍｅｔ－ｈｙｌｐａｃｈｙｍａｒａｎ），简称ＣＭＰ。纸层析与柱层析表明，ＣＭＰ仅由羧甲基葡萄糖组成。高碘酸盐氧化法测定表明，ＣＭＰ的（１－６）与（１－３）之比为１：３。ＩＲ分析表明，ＣＭＰ有多糖（１５９５－１６１０ｃｍ￣（－１），１４２０－１４３０ｃｍ￣（－１）特征吸收峰。ＵＶ分析表明，ＣＭＰ无核酸（２６０ｎｍ）和蛋白（２８０ｎｍ）特征吸收峰。１３ＣＮＭＲ分析表明，ＣＭＰ为β－吡喃糖甙键结合的多糖。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

伏内试验证明，羧甲基茯苓多糖能明显增强荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的蚕噬功能，小鼠脾抗体分泌细胞数（PFC）以及特异抗原结合细胞数（SRFC）和小鼠对牛血清白蛋白（BSA）诱导的迟发型超敏反应（DTH），明显促进小鼠脾T细胞分泌白细胞介素－2（IL－2）。体内外试验均证明，羧甲基茯苓多糖能明显促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子－α（TNF－α）。体外试验证明，羧甲基茯苓多糖对小鼠脾混合淋巴细胞的增殖有促进作用。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖（CMP）的制取及鉴定

茯苓[Poria cocos(Schw.)Wolf]菌核经稀碱提取,中和,羧甲基化,透析,Sevage法除去蛋白质,醇析和Sephadex G-20柱层纯化后得羧甲基茯苓多糖(Carboxymethylpachymaran,CMP)。对CMP进行理化鉴定,UV分析表明,CMP无核酸,蛋白质的特征吸收峰;IR分析表明,CMP有糖的特征吸收峰;纸层析表明,CMP仅山羧甲基葡萄糖组成;~(13)C-NMR分析表明,CMP是β-构型的葡聚糖,分子量(MWt)为3.8×10~4。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖含量测定的两种方法

茯苓聚糖经化学结构改造后成为茯苓多糖 ,用氯乙酸醚化茯苓多糖可得到羧甲基茯苓多糖。碘量法可应用于羧甲基茯苓多糖半合成工序生成物羧甲基茯苓多糖的含量测定 ,比色法可应用于成品羧甲基茯苓多糖的含量测定     

羧甲基茯苓多糖的抗肿瘤活性与免疫效应

羧甲基茯苓多糖（CMP）25mg/kg-500mg/kg腹腔注射对ICR/JCL小鼠肿瘤U-14的抑制率为75.5%-92.7%；CMP5mg/kg-50mg/kg静脉注射对昆明种小鼠S-180肉瘤的抑制率为34.8%-61.0%;CMP25mg/kg-100mg/kg静脉注射对昆明种小鼠肝癌H22的抑制率为20.1%-36.7%;0.25%-0.25%的CMP对小鼠艾氏腹水癌瘤细胞的抑制率为54.7%-61.7%。CMP能明显增强荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，明显增加小鼠脾抗体分泌细胞数（PFC）以及特异的抗原结合细胞数（SRFC），明显增强小鼠对牛血清白蛋白（BSA）诱导的迟发型超敏反应（DTH），明显增强小鼠脾T细胞生长因子（TCGF）的生长，这可能是其增强免疫应答功能及抑瘤率的机制之一。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖的保肝与催眠作用

羧甲基茯苓多糖(Carboxymethylpachymaran,CMP)具有保肝作用,CMP100mg/kg.d与200mg/kg.d连续腹腔给药5d,小鼠血清谷-丙转氨酶分别降低27.32％与41.03％,与生理盐水对照组比,P<0.05与P<0.01。大鼠肝部分切除手术前按100mg/kg.d连续腹腔给药4d,手术后再连续腹腔给药3d。大鼠的肝再生度与再生肝重,体重分别增加73.29％与18.95％,与生理盐水对照组比,P<0.01与P<0.001。CMP具有催眠作用,CMP100mg/kg.d连续腹腔给药7d,能增强硫喷妥钠对小鼠中枢的抑制,小鼠翻正反射消失持续的时间为硫喷妥钠对照组的4.69倍,与硫喷妥钠对照组比,P<0.05。     

Effects of She xiang bao xin wan (SXBXW) on phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: To observe the effects of She xiang bao xin wan (SXBXW) of Chinese patent drug on the phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells.METHODS: The vascular smooth muscle cell line RASMC P8 was used as the cell model in this experiment. The cells were treated with SXBXW at the doses of 0.25 g/L, 0.50 g/L, 1.0 g/L and 2.0 g/L, respectively, and control cells were treated with the same volume of culture medium without SXBXW. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC), which served as specific molecular markers of vascular smooth muscle contraction in RASMC P8 cells, was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentages of α-SMA and SM-MHC negative cells in SXBXW treated groups were lower than those in control group. Meanwhile, the percentages of α-SMA and SM-MHC positive cells were increased in RASMC P8 cells treated with SXBXW, indicating that SXBXW prompted the transformation of RASMC P8 cells from synthetic to contractile phenotype.CONCLUSION: Chinese patent drug SXBXW plays a role in transforming the cell phenotype from synthetic to the contraction in vascular smooth muscle.     

猴头菌提取物对大鼠胃粘膜损伤保护作用的研究

用三种不同主式得到的猴头菌提取物(猴头菌子实体粗多糖、猴头菌菌丝体粗多糖、猴头菌菌丝体全提物)对乙醇致大鼠胃粘膜损伤的治疗作用进行研究。结果表明,当以等原生药量计时,子实休机多糖疗效最明显,菌丝体全提物次之,菌丝体粗多糖较差,溃疡抑制率分别达70.8％、51.4％和41.5％;当以等多糖含量计时,则三个样品的疗效接近,溃疡抑制率达到60％左右。这进一步证实猴头菌多糖是猴头菌保护大鼠胃粘膜的主要活性物质。     

食用菌生产中臭氧灭菌效果初报

通过多年实验室验证、教学试验及批量生产证实,用食用菌接种器产生的臭氧进行空间消毒、无菌操作、分离、转管、扩大培养菌种,成功率令人满意.     

灵芝菌丝提取物对小鼠呼吸系统炎症防治作用的研究

以小鼠为试验动物，进行灵芝菌丝提取物（GLME）防治呼吸系统炎站试验，结果表明，GLME（40mL.kg^-1)对由氨水诱发的咳嗽的抑制率为52．165，而阳性对照药（可待因10mL.kg^-1）的抑制率为79．33％，GLME（40mL.kg^-1）使具有祛痰作用的酚红排泌量较对照提高419．30％，而阳性对照药（祛痰止咳冲剂10mL.kg^-1）仅使酚红排泌量较对照提高85．96％；GLME（40mL.kg^-1），可显著增强小鼠由二硝基氯苯（DNCB）所致迟发型皮肤超敏反应，其OD值比对照提高40．14％，由此可见，GLME具有止咳，祛痰和增强免疫力的作用，且对慢性支气管炎有较好的防治作用。     

Effect of IFN-γ inhalation on the cellular immunity of the lungs

AIM:To study the effect of IFN-γ inhalation on the anti-infection ability of the lungs in the immunocompromised host. METHODS:The immunological factors in the immunocompromised rats and the immunocompromised rats administrated IFN-γ via aerosol were investigated after 1, 3, 7 days when they were injected Candida albicans via tracheal. The Canidda albicans count of the left lung was also determined after 7 days when injecting pathogen. RESULTS:The Canidda albicans count of the left lung in IFN-γ group was significantly less than that of control group. The phagocyting and bactericidal percentages, Ia antigen expression percentages, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the culture supernatant of the AM, the activity of IFN-γ and TNF-α in BALF (except the TNF-α on 7 th day) in IFN-γ group were markedly higher than those in control group. The expression of IFN-γ and IL-1β pulmonary tissues in IFN-γ group was higher than that in control group. The expression of TNF-α in IFN-γ group was less than that in control group. The expression of IL-6 was no changes between two groups. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-6 in the blood (except IL-1β on 3 rd day), and the killing ability of the lymphocytes in blood had no difference between two groups. CONCLUSION:Administration of IFN-γ via aerosol obviously enhanced the anti-infection ability of the lungs in the immunocompromised host, but has no influence on the whole body cellular immunity.     

茄子果径遗传效应初探

用小果径自交系I521593和大果径自交系SJ16212865为材料,通过自交、杂交和回交,获得亲本、F1、F2、BC1和BC2各世代,按照数量遗传学理论对6个世代群体的果长的遗传效应进行了研究.结果表明:茄子果径遗传方式属于数量遗传;其遗传效应符合加性-显性遗传模型,且以加性效应为主;控制果径性状的最少基因数目为4对;果径的狭义遗传力为61.45%.