Effects of lime and sewage sludge on soil,pasture production,and tree growth in a six‐year‐old Populus canadensis Moench silvopastoral system

In many regions worldwide, silvopastoral systems are implemented to enable sustainable land use allowing short, medium, and long‐term economic returns. However, the short‐term production in silvopastoral systems is often limited due to nonappropriate soil‐fertility management. This study evaluated the effects of two doses of lime (0 and 2.5 t CaCO₃ ha^–1) and three sewage‐sludge treatments (0, 200, and 400 kg total N ha^–1 y^–1 applied in 2 consecutive years) on soil characteristics (soil pH, soil organic matter [SOM], soil nitrogen, cation‐exchange capacity [CEC]), pasture production, and tree growth in a silvopastoral system of Populus × canadensis Moench in Galicia, northern Spain during 6 years after establishment. Soil pH increased during the experimental period for all treatments, although this effect was more pronounced after lime application. Changes in SOM and soil nitrogen content were not consistent over time, but sewage‐sludge application seemed to result in higher values. Higher CEC was found for treatments with lime and sewage‐sludge application. Following incorporation of lime and sewage sludge, pasture production was significantly enhanced (cumulative pasture production 51.9 t DM ha^–1 for Lime/N400 compared to 39.0 t DM ha^–1 for No lime/N0). This higher pasture production also affected tree growth due to more severe competition between pasture and tree resulting in slower tree growth. Liming and application of sewage sludge are relevant measures to improve soil fertility and thereby optimizing the overall production of silvopastoral systems. However, it is important not to overintensify pasture production to ensure adequate tree growth.     

Short‐scale distribution of copper fractions in a vineyard acid soil

We studied short‐scale variation in the total concentration of copper and its fractions in a soil vineyard. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–20 cm between plant rows (1), between individual plants (2) and at their base (3) in a vine‐grown plot in NW Spain. The mean total content in Cu (Cu_t) in the soil was found to be 97 mg kg⁻¹ and that of potentially available Cu (Cu_EDTA) 34 mg kg⁻¹. Copper bound to organic matter (Cu_OM) and to non‐crystalline inorganic soil components (Cu_IA) were the dominant fractions and accounted for 34% of total copper each. The contents in exchangeable (Cu_e), pyrophosphate‐extractable (Cu_p), oxalic/oxalate‐extractable (Cu_o) and total copper (Cu_t) exhibited statistically significant correlations with pH, sum of base cations (S), cation‐exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable calcium (Ca_e). Both total and fractional copper contents were higher in plant rows than between them, particularly in the centre of the plot. Also, Cu_OM and Cu_IA were higher in planting rows than between rows. These copper results may have been influenced by the vine‐growing practices of the area and also by the distribution of plants and their pruning. This variability pattern for Cu distribution is crucial with a view to minimising potential adverse effects of fungicides and optimising any reclamation treatments needed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

污泥农用对土壤和作物重金属累积及作物产量的影响

以3 a定位试验为基础,比较3种不同处理的污泥肥料（消化污泥、污泥堆肥及污泥复混肥）农田施用下土壤养分、土壤和作物籽粒中Mn、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd 5种重金属的积累以及作物产量的变化情况,以阐明污泥农用对土壤及作物的影响。研究表明,3种污泥肥料提高了土壤中氮素和有机质的含量;与空白和普通化肥处理相比,3种污泥肥料增加了土壤中Mn和Cu的含量,而对土壤交换态重金属含量没有显著影响;3种污泥处理均增加了小麦籽粒中Zn的含量;相对普通化肥处理,3种污泥肥料处理对小麦和玉米产量均无显著影响。合理施用污泥肥料可以有效地提高作物产量;污泥肥料施用对土壤重金属有一定累积效应,但短期施用对土壤比较安全。     

长期施肥对棕壤铁形态及其有效性的影响

【目的】利用沈阳农业大学棕壤肥料长期定位试验,研究不同施肥处理对耕层土壤酸碱度（pH）、氧化还原电位（Eh）和有机质的影响,探讨不同施肥条件下土壤游离态氧化铁、无定形氧化铁、亚铁总量和有效铁含量的变化以及与pH、Eh和有机质的关系。 【方法】本文选取试验处理为CK（不施肥）、N（氮肥）、NP（氮磷肥配施）、NPK（氮磷钾肥配施）、M（有机肥）、MN（有机肥与氮肥配施）、MNP（有机肥与氮磷肥配施）、MNPK（有机肥与氮磷钾肥配施）。在2014年大豆收获期,采集了不同施肥处理0-20 cm耕层土壤样品,分析了土壤pH、Eh、有机质含量以及游离态氧化铁、无定形氧化铁、亚铁和有效铁含量。 【结果】与1979年原始土壤相比,所有处理土壤pH显著降低了0.6~1.4个单位。不施肥处理土壤有机质下降了11.5%,化肥处理有机质略有下降,而有机肥处理有机质含量显著增加。所有处理有效铁含量显著增加,化肥有机肥配施增加幅度更大;与2014年不施肥处理相比,施用氮肥处理土壤pH最低,而氮肥配施磷、钾和有机肥中的一种或几种pH又有所上升,其中配施有机肥效果最明显;施用化肥处理土壤Eh增加,而施用有机肥处理Eh则下降。施用化肥土壤游离态氧化铁和有效铁含量增加,亚铁含量下降,而施用有机肥土壤游离态氧化铁降低,亚铁总量及有效铁含量增加。 【结论】经过长期耕作和施肥,土壤pH显著下降,有效铁含量显著增加。长期不施肥土壤有机质显著下降。施用氮肥土壤酸化趋势明显,磷、钾和有机肥配施能够缓解氮肥引起的酸化现象。施用有机肥显著降低土壤氧化还原电位,有利于氧化态铁向还原态铁转化,更有利于增加土壤有效性铁的含量。     

Localized application of sewage sludge improved plant nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by rhizobox‐grown spring wheat

Sewage sludge (SS) can be used as an alternative fertilizer in agriculture. It is normally broadcasted and plowed into soil, but it is not clear if it has a potential as a placement fertilizer. A rhizobox experiment was conducted to investigate the placement effect of SS and mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer on shoot and root growth as well as nutrient uptake of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The treatments included localized SS, mixed SS, localized SS and ammonium, localized ammonium, and a control without addition of SS and ammonium to examine the effect of SS placement and, further, if ammonium co‐localization would enhance the placement effect. The results show that SS fertilization improved soil N and P availability, which significantly increased plant N and P uptake and enhanced shoot growth, while root length was significantly reduced compared to the control. Localized SS increased root proliferation in the placement region, resulting in enhanced uptake of P from the SS patch compared to homogenous application. However, co‐localized application of ammonium with SS significantly depressed plant shoot and root growth. Localized ammonium markedly restricted root proliferation in the placement region and reduced soil pH in both bulk soil and placement region, contributing to decreased nutrient uptake and plant growth.     

石灰在酸性稻田的施用效果

在土壤呈酸性且重金属铜、镉含量相对较高的稻田开展施用石灰效果试验。试验显示,施用石灰可提升土壤pH值,平均750 kg/hm~2石灰提升土壤pH值0.179;施用石灰可促进土壤有机质分解,增加土壤氮和磷的有效性,也会影响土壤铜、镉全量变化。试验初步表明,处理C(石灰用量750 kg/hm~2)的稻米对铜、镉富集能力较强。增施石灰可减少土壤铜、镉向稻米转移富集。水稻对镉的富集能力高于对铜的富集能力。试验表明,施用石灰可增加水稻有效穗数和千粒重,增产效果显著。以石灰用量750 kg/hm~2的水稻产量最高,效益最好,比CK增产干谷619.7 kg/hm~2,每千克石灰增产稻谷0.83 kg,净收入1 068.7元/hm~2,产投比为2.66。科学施用石灰可促进水稻增产和减轻稻米对铜、镉富集。     

利用可见光-近红外漫反射光谱技术预测铜冶炼厂周边区域土壤属性

Spatial and temporal monitoring of soil properties in smelting regions requires collection of a large number of sam-ples followed by laboratory cumbersome and time-consuming measurements.Visible and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (VNIR-DRS) provides a rapid and inexpensive tool to predict various soil properties simultaneously.This study evaluated the suitability of VNIR-DRS for predicting soil properties,including organic matter (OM),pH,and heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,and Fe),using a total of 254 samples collected in soil profiles near a large copper smelter in China.Partial least square regression (PLSR) with cross-validation was used to relate soil property data to the reflectance spectral data by applying different preprocessing strategies.The performance of VNIR-DRS calibration models was evaluated using the coefficient of determination in cross-validation (R 2 cv) and the ratio of standard deviation to the root mean standard error of cross-validation (SD/RMSE cv).The models provided fairly accurate predictions for OM and Fe (R 2 cv > 0.80,SD/RMSE cv > 2.00),less accurate but acceptable for screening purposes for pH,Cu,Pb,and Cd (0.50 < R 2 cv < 0.80,1.40 < SD/RMSE cv < 2.00),and poor accuracy for Zn (R 2 cv < 0.50,SD/RMSE cv < 1.40).Because soil properties in conta-minated areas generally show large variation,a comparative large number of calibrating samples,which are variable enough and uniformly distributed,are necessary to create more accurate and robust VNIR-DRS calibration models.This study indicated that VNIR-DRS technique combined with continuously enriched soil spectral library could be a nondestructive alternative for soil environment monitoring.     

Redistribution of cadmium,copper, lead,nickel, and zinc among soil fractions in a contaminated calcareous soil after application of nitrogen fertilizers

This study was conducted to evaluate the redistribution of the heavy metals Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn among different soil fractions by N fertilizers. In a lab experiment, soil columns were leached with distilled water, KNO₃, NaNO₃, NH₄NO₃, or Ca(NO₃)₂ · 4H₂O. After leaching, soil samples were sequentially extracted for exchangeable (EXCH), carbonate (CARB), organic‐matter (OM), Mn oxide (MNO), Fe oxide (FEO), and residual (RES) fractions. Distilled water significantly increased the concentrations of Cd and Ni in EXCH fraction, while concentration of Cu and Zn did not change significantly. Application of KNO₃, NaNO₃, NH₄NO₃, or Ca(NO₃)₂ · 4H₂O significantly increased the concentrations of Cd and Zn in EXCH fraction, while concentration of Pb and Ni was decreased. Application of all fertilizers caused an increase of Cu in the OM fraction. Moreover, leaching with these solutions significantly increased Cd [except in Ca(NO₃)₂ · 4H₂O], Cu, and Zn concentrations in the CARB fraction, while Pb and Ni concentrations were decreased. With application of all leaching solutions, Zn in the EXCH, CARB, FEO, and MNO fractions was significantly increased, while Zn in the OM fraction did not change. The mobility index indicated that Ca(NO₃)₂ · 4H₂O increased the mobility of Cd, Cu, and Zn in the soil, whereas NaNO₃ decreased the mobility of Pb and Ni in the soil. The mobility index of Pb decreased by all leaching solutions. Thus, these results suggest that applying N fertilizers may change heavy‐metal fractions in contaminated calcareous soil and possibly enhance metal mobility and that N‐fertilization management therefore may need modification.     

Mutual influence of copper and paraquat on their adsorption in soil

Paraquat and copper (Cu) are commonly used and detected in soil.Therefore,it is important to understand their mobility in the environment.In this study,the competitive effects of paraquat and Cu on their adsorption in five representative Chinese soils were investigated using batch adsorption equilibrium experiments and spectroscopic analysis.The results showed that the adsorption of paraquat in soil varied with soil type and was positively correlated with both soil cation exchange capacity and o...     

华北矿区残留态铜、铅在土壤剖面中的分布与迁移

Residual heavy metals are commonly considered to be immobile in soils, leading to an underestimation of their environmental risk. This study investigated the distribution and transport of residual heavy metals along soil profiles, using the Xiaoqinling gold mining region in North China as a case study. Soil samples were collected at three depths from three locations near the tailing heap. The speciation of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) (exchangeable, carbonate-bound, Fe-Mn oxide-bound, organic matter-bound, and residual fractions) was determined using a sequential extraction procedure. The residual fraction’s morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that metal fraction distributions along the soil profiles were influenced by each fraction’s mobility. Residual fraction with high chemical stability cannot be transformed from or into other fractions. This led to the conclusion that the high concentration of residual metals in soils mainly resulted from residual fraction transport.The SEM analysis showed that fine particles (submicrons) were mainly attached to large particles and were likely released and transported by water flow. The more sorptive fractions (non-residual fractions) were mainly retained in the top soil, and the more mobile fractions (residual fraction) were mainly leached to the deep soil. Cu and Pb concentrations in the residual fraction decreased slightly and those in the non-residual fractions decreased significantly with soil depth. These suggest a relatively higher residual metal mobility along the soil pro?les. Therefore, residual metals can be transported in soils and their environmental risk can not be ignored in assessing soil contamination.     

白浆土施有机肥及石灰对土壤酶活性与大豆产量的影响

白浆土是我国东北地区主要低产土壤之一,土体中白浆层通气透水能力极差,生物酶活性很低,导致土壤表旱表涝严重,旱田作物根系有效土层一般只有20 cm左右。为研究白浆土增施有机肥及石灰对大豆土壤酶活性及大豆产量的影响,设置了4个处理。结果表明3种酶活性均为:常规施肥+有机肥常规施肥+石灰+有机肥常规施肥常规施肥+石灰,说明有机肥的施用增加了土壤酶活性,石灰的施用降低了土壤酶活性;有机肥施用增加了土壤有机质,石灰施用增加土壤pH值,与对照相比,常规施肥+石灰处理大豆增产23.76%;常规施肥+有机肥处理增产28.32%;常规施肥+石灰+有机肥处理增产13.07%。说明有机肥及石灰无论是单独施用或是组合施用均对大豆增产有效。     

Effects of humus content,farmyard manuring,and mineral‐N fertilization on yields and soil properties in a long‐term trial

Investigations carried out at Field F3 of the Halle long‐term fertilization trials using data from 1974 to 1983 showed that with adequate supply of mineral N‐fertilizer soil organic matter (SOM) had no significant effects of yield. Similarly enhanced SOM did not justify a reduction of mineral N (Stumpe et al., 2000). The studies presented here examine the effects of the SOM differences existing after the termination of those trials in 1986 up until 1997 (then mainly differences of hardly decomposable SOM) in comparison to farmyard manuring with enhanced mineral N application (3‐factor‐experiment). As with total SOM, hardly decomposable SOM did not directly affect yields. The effects of FYM treatment observed at lower mineral‐N levels were compensated for by enhanced mineral‐N supply. The direct effect of FYM (40 t ha^—1) corresponded to a mineral‐N supply of about 60 kg ha^—1 and the residual effect to about 20 kg ha^—1. The differences of the C‐content in the soil at the beginning of the present studies continued throughout the experimental period of 12 years. In addition, significant differentiation has been caused by FYM and N fertilization in comparison to unfertilized treatments. The major finding is that differences in SOM content do not lead to yield differences on physically good soils (chernozem‐like soils) if appropriate compensation by mineral‐N fertilization takes place.     

Behavior of heavy metals from sewage sludge in a Chernozem of the dry belt in Saxony‐Anhalt/Germany

In a small‐plot trial different doses of sewage sludge (equivalent 82‐330 tons of dry matter per hectare) were incorporated in 0—25 cm depth (1982—1985). The aim of the investigations was to study the fate of the heavy metals Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr, to determine their concentration in different soil fractions using a sequential extraction method and to ascertain their uptake by Zea mays L. plants. Eleven years after the last application the metals supplied with the sludge had moved as far as 50 cm in depth. The concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Cr in the saturation extract of the sampled soil layers were closely correlated with the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). This result suggests that the heavy metal displacement was partly connected with the DOC movement in the soil. Considerable amounts of Zn and Cd coming from sewage sludge were found in the mobile fractions of the soil. Cu, Ni, and Pb were located especially in organic particles, and Cr was obviously bound by Fe‐oxides. Nine years after the last application the binding species of heavy metals were still different compared with those in the untreated soil. The whole withdrawal of heavy metals by plants yielded <1 % of the applied amounts. In the case of Zn the uptake from the sludge amended soil decreased during the experimental period. No similar tendency was observed for the other elements. In any case their annual variations of uptake exceeded the effect of sludge application.     

Accumulation of Zinc and Copper in an Arable Field after Animal Manure Application

An experiment was conducted to examine the accumulation and mobility of heavy metals (Zn and Cu) at different depths in three types of arable soils (Brown Lowland soil, Andosol, and Brown Forest soil) amended with cattle and pig farmyard manures for 5 years. Nitric-perchloric acid digestion was performed for the determination of the total amounts of heavy metals, and 0.1 M hydrochloric acid extraction was performed for the determination of the amounts of soluble heavy metals. Results of the soil analysis indicated that pig farmyard manure application resulted in serious contamination of arable soils with Zn and potentially Cu. Especially, the Brown Forest soil displayed a high ability to accumulate heavy metals on the soil surface. Total-Zn concentration in surface soils was considerably affected by the holding capacity of soluble-Zn traction. Although the Andosol amended with pig farmyard manure showed higher concentrations of heavy metals related to the higher ability of retention on a weight basis, the soil did not contribute to high heavy metal accumulation because of its low bulk density. Heavy metals were easily leached in sandy soils such as Brown Lowland soil, and Cu was potentially stable compared with Zn. We suggest that long-term pig farmyard manure application to the Brown Lowland soil and Andosol with a light soil texture is associated with a higher risk of groundwater pollution than the application to the Brown Forest soil.     

连续五年生物垃圾堆肥施用后地中海蔬菜种植系统中土壤有机碳的变化

Biowaste compost can influence soil organic matter accumulation directly or indirectly. A 5-year experiment was conducted to assess the influence of biowaste compost on the process of soil aggregation and soil organic carbon(SOC) accumulation in a Mediterranean vegetable cropping system. The study involved four treatments: biowaste compost(COM), mineral NPK fertilizers(MIN), biowaste compost with half-dose N fertilizer(COMN), and unfertilized control(CK). The SOC stocks were increased in COM, COMN, and MIN by 20.2, 14.9, and 2.4 Mg ha~(-1)over CK, respectively. The SOC concentration was significantly related to mean weight diameter of aggregates(MWD)(P 0.05, R~2= 0.798 4) when CK was excluded from regression analysis. Compared to CK, COM and COMN increased the SOC amount in macroaggregates( 250 μm) by 2.7 and 0.6 g kg~(-1)soil, respectively, while MIN showed a loss of 0.4g kg~(-1)soil. The SOC amount in free microaggregates(53–250 μm) increased by 0.9, 1.6, and 1.0 g kg~(-1)soil for COM, COMN, and MIN, respectively, while those in the free silt plus clay aggregates( 53 μm) did not vary significantly. However, when separating SOC in particle-size fractions, we found that more stable organic carbon associated with mineral fraction 53 μm(MOM-C) increased significantly by 3.4, 2.2, and 0.7 g kg~(-1)soil for COM, COMN, and MIN, respectively, over CK, while SOC amount in fine particulate organic matter(POM) fraction(53–250 μm) increased only by 0.3 g kg~(-1)soil for both COM and COMN, with no difference in coarse POM 250 μm. Therefore, we consider that biowaste compost could be effective in improving soil structure and long-term C sequestration as more stable MOM-C.     

长期不同施肥模式对大麦-双季稻田根际土壤有机氮组分的影响

根际土壤有机氮组分在土壤养分和作物氮素营养中具有重要作用。本研究依托长期（37年）定位施肥试验田,设置4个施肥处理：不施肥对照（CK）、单独施用化肥（CF）、秸秆还田+化肥（RF）和30%有机肥+70%化肥（OM）,于晚稻成熟期测定大麦-双季稻田根际土壤基础理化性质、微生物量氮和有机氮组分（氨基酸态氮、氨基糖态氮、酸解氨态氮、酸解未知态氮、非酸解性氮）含量。研究表明：相对CK处理,RF和OM处理显著增加了稻田根际土壤有机碳、全氮、铵态氮和硝态氮的含量。RF和OM处理土壤微生物量氮含量分别比CK处理增加了19.8%和30.7%。酸解性氮作为根际土壤全氮的主体部分,占全氮的59.6%~72.1%;各处理根际土壤酸解性氮含量大小顺序表现为OM>RF>CF>CK。各施肥处理中,酸解有机氮中的氨基糖态氮、氨基酸态氮和酸解未知态氮含量均以OM处理最大,分别比CK处理增加139.3%、47.9%和110.0%;酸解氨态氮以RF处理最大,比CK处理增加69.9%。土壤有机碳、全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮与土壤氨基酸态氮、氨基糖态氮、酸解未知态氮以及微生物量氮均呈极显著（p<0.01）正相关。因此,秸秆、有机肥配施化肥均能有效提高大麦-双季稻田根际土壤的供氮能力,是改善稻田土壤肥力的有效手段。     

How different long‐term fertilization strategies influence crop yield and soil properties in a maize field in the North China Plain

The impact of fertilization on maize (Zea mays L.) yield and soil properties was investigated in a long‐term (> 18 y) experimental field in N China. A completely randomized block design with seven fertilizer treatments and four replications was used. The seven fertilizer treatments were (1) compost (COMP), (2) half compost plus half chemical fertilizer (COMP1/2), (3) balanced NPK fertilizer (NPK), (4–6) unbalanced chemical fertilizers without one of the major elements (NP, PK, and NK), and (7) an unamended control (CK). In addition to maize yield, soil chemical and biological properties were investigated. Compared to the balanced NPK treatment, maize yield from the COMP treatment was 7.9% higher, from the COMP1/2 was similar, but from the NP, PK, NK, and CK treatment were 12.4%, 59.9%, 78.6%, and 75.7% lower. Across the growing season, microbial biomass C and N contents, basal soil respiration, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, dehydrogenase, urease, and invertase activities in the COMP and COMP1/2 treatments were 7%–203% higher than the NPK treatment. Values from all other treatments were up to 60% lower than the NPK treatment. Maize yield is closely related to the soil organic C (OC) and biological properties, and the OC is closely related to various biological properties, indicating that OC is a suitable indicator for soil quality. Our results suggest the most limiting nutrient for improving the yield or soil quality was P, followed by N and K, and balanced fertilization is important in maintaining high crop yield and soil quality. Additionally, increases in OC, N, and biological activities in COMP and COMP1/2 treatments imply that organic compost is superior to the chemical fertilizers tested.     

Adsorption of Cadmium and Zinc onto Micaceous Minerals: Effect of Siderophore Desferrioxamine B

The mobility, bioavailability, and environmental fate of heavy metals in soil are controlled by their adsorption onto soil minerals and solid organic matter. The adsorption is strongly affected by the presence of various low-molecular-weight organic acids. In this study, effect of hydroxamate siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFOB) on cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) adsorption onto two micaceous clay minerals, muscovite and phlogopite, was evaluated in batch experiments. Results showed that the presence of DFOB diminished the adsorption of Cd and Zn onto both minerals, particularly under neutral to alkaline pH conditions. For instance, at pH 8.2, the presence of DFOB caused a decrease in the adsorption of Zn onto phlogopite by nearly 50%. The equilibrium adsorption of Cd and Zn was satisfactorily described using Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption isotherms showed that the affinity of Cd and Zn onto the minerals decreased in the presence of DFOB. For example, at pH 8.0, the presence of siderophore caused a decrease in the Freundlich adsorption isotherm coefficient K_F for Zn adsorption onto muscovite and phlogopite from 4.60 to 0.07 L g^-1 and from 3.56 to 0.36 L g^-1, respectively. These findings confirm the potential influence of siderophore on the fate of Cd and Zn in arid soils containing substantial contributions of micaceous silicate minerals.     

长期施肥对小麦-玉米作物系统土壤腐殖质组分碳和氮的影响

通过对华北平原小麦–玉米轮作农田生态系统18年田间施肥试验,研究了长期不同施肥处理对耕层（0—20 cm）土壤腐殖质及活性腐殖质组分碳和氮的影响。试验设化肥NPK不同组合（NPK、NP、NK、PK）,全部施用有机肥（OM）,一半有机肥+化肥NPK（1/2OMN）及不施肥（CK）共7个处理。结果表明,各施肥处理均能在不同程度上增加土壤腐殖质（胡敏酸、富里酸和胡敏素）及活性腐殖质（活性胡敏酸和活性富里酸）组分碳和氮含量,提高可浸提腐殖质（胡敏酸和富里酸）及活性腐殖质组分碳和氮分配比例;但施肥对土壤活性腐殖质组分碳和氮含量的增加率均分别高于腐殖质组分碳和氮。各处理土壤腐殖质及活性腐殖质组分碳和氮含量均为OM处理最高,且有机肥与化肥NPK配施高于单施化肥各处理;而化肥处理中NPK均衡施用效果最好。说明施用有机肥、有机肥与化肥NPK配施及化肥NPK均衡施用是增加土壤腐殖质及活性腐殖质组分碳和氮的关键;活性腐殖质组分碳和氮较腐殖质组分碳和氮对施肥措施的响应更灵敏。