干扰素调节因子1的研究进展

干扰素(interferon)是-类多功能细胞因子,是由哺乳动物体细胞合成与分泌的潜在的生物活性蛋白质,具有抵抗病毒感染、调节机体免疫功能的作用.干扰素的产生受干扰素调节因子(interferon regulatory factor,IRF)的调控.干扰素调节因子1(IRF-1)是IRF家族中最早被发现的因子,在分子水平上研究最广泛.IRF-1是-种核转录因子,具有广泛的生物学功能,它调节干扰素系统,抑制细胞生长,抑制肿瘤形成.就IRF-1的结构、功能及相关机制进行了综述,为以后研究提供参考.     

应用干扰素治疗肝炎研究进展

干扰素联合用药是治疗慢性乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎中最常用的治疗方案,联合用药不但可以提高干扰素的治疗效果,还可减轻干扰素的不良反应.但是,干扰素联合用药也存在着一定问题,如何改善现有的治疗方案和利用基因工程手段寻找新的治疗肝炎药物是此后一段时期该研究领域学者将要面临的新的挑战.     

固始鸡α干扰素基因克隆与序列分析

参照GenBank上登陆的鸡α干扰素基因序列设计一对引物,应用PCR技术直接从固始鸡肝组织基因组DNA中扩增鸡α干扰素基因.将特异性片段克隆入pGEM-T Easy载体中,转化JM109感受态细胞,经质粒PCR鉴定及酶切鉴定筛选阳性菌株送往大连宝生物公司测序.测序结果表明,固始鸡α干扰素基因为582 bp.用DNAStar软件对克隆的固始鸡α干扰素基因与GenBank发表的其它品种鸡α干扰素基因序列进行同源性分析,核苷酸同源性在97.9%以上,氨基酸同源性在96.9%以上.     

梅花鹿γ-干扰素在牛型结核病中的应用研究进展

梅花鹿γ-干扰素是细胞因子超家族中干扰素家族的特殊重要成员之一,具有广泛的生物学功能。其功能的多样性是通过诱导细胞表达多种蛋白质实现的。对梅花鹿γ-干扰素的诱导与产生、结核病特异性基因、梅花鹿γ-干扰素用于牛型结核病的检测原理及γ-干扰素优劣的研究进展进行综述。     

转Hu-IFN-α基因草鱼的分子验证及抗性研究

采用显微注射法将人α-干扰素抗病基因转移到草鱼受精卵中,获得转基因群体,通过PCR及Southern杂交对转基因草鱼进行分子水平的检测,以进一步验证外源人α-干扰素是否整合入草鱼基因组.结果表明,外源人α-干扰素抗病基因已整合人草鱼基因组中.采用腹腔注射法,对转基因鱼进行草鱼出血病病毒接种攻毒试验,结果显示转基因草鱼比对照组的抗病毒能力有显著提高.     

草鱼免疫因子研究进展

草鱼是我国主要养殖鱼类之一,但其病害较多.作为机体免疫的重要组成部分,草鱼免疫因子日益受到研究者的重视.已研究的草鱼免疫因子主要有免疫球蛋白、主要组织相容性复合物、干扰素及相关因子、肿瘤坏死相关因子、补体、趋化因子受体、凝集素、转化生长因子等;草鱼抗菌肽、转铁蛋白、正五聚体蛋白、天然抗体等免疫因子尚未见报道.草鱼中已发现的免疫球蛋白为IgM,主要在头肾、中肾和脾中表达;组成MHC I 复合体的MHC I蛋白及B2微球蛋白具有人同源蛋白相似的结构;在干扰素及相关因子中,已研究的主要有干扰素、M,蛋白、PKP蛋白等,病毒可诱导草鱼头肾、脾、外周血及胸腺细胞中的干扰素表达;已研究的草鱼肿瘤坏死相关因子主要有TRAF1、TRAF2、T2BP、TRAIL等;补体C3、C9及趋化因子受体等部分免疫因子的编码基因也已被克隆研究.现已进行的草鱼免疫因子研究主要为编码基因的克隆、序列分析、表达谱分析及蛋白的理化性质和生理活性检测等.对各类草鱼免疫因子的研究现状分别进行了概述.     

Ⅲ型干扰素及其抗猪病毒性疾病研究进展

综述了Ⅲ型干扰素抗猪易感病毒研究进展，总结了Ⅲ型干扰素抗病毒机制及作为安全性抗病毒药物的优势，探讨了Ⅲ型干扰素及其抗猪病毒性疾病研究现状，重点阐述了Ⅲ型干扰素抗猪易感病毒作用及其防治猪病毒性疾病的相关应用和流行性猪易感病毒对Ⅲ型干扰素的免疫逃逸策略，分析了目前Ⅲ型干扰素未得到广泛应用的问题并提出了建议，展望了Ⅲ型干扰素作为安全性抗病毒药物的应用潜力及前景，以期为猪病毒性疾病的治疗提供理论依据及新思路。     

鸭α干扰素的研究

以鸭胚成纤维细胞——水泡性口膜炎病毒作为鸭干扰素的检测系统,证明北京鸭的脾脏细胞和全血细胞在诱生剂作用下,能够产生鸭外源性干扰素。考虑干扰素的抗病毒活性的效价、操作的简便和提纯的效果,以脾脏细胞诱生法优于全血细胞诱生法。以正交表L9(3~4)安排试验,表明诱生鸭干扰素的最佳条件组合是:水解乳蛋白液——2×10~7脾细胞/毫升——NDV—F系,39℃旋转培养20～24小时,鸭脾干扰素的滴度可达2,000单位/毫升以上.10％的小牛血清对于诱生鸭干扰素是必需的。理化和生物学特性的测定证明本研究的抗病毒物质是鸭干扰素。硫酸铵分级盐析法可以对鸭干扰素进行浓缩和粗提纯,滴度可以提高到10,000单位/毫升。     

PRRSV对Ⅰ型IFN的调节作用研究进展

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）是近年来发现的严重危害养猪业的一种病原,在猪体内它常以持续感染的形式存在.干扰素（IFN）特别是Ⅰ型干扰素在抗病毒方面起重要作用,它的产生主要分为TLR等几个途径.论文综述PRRSV对Ⅰ型IFN的产生途径的调节作用,即对TLR依赖性、RIG与MDA5依赖性、JAK-STAT等干扰素信号转导途径、细胞凋亡途径的抑制和对NF-κB的上调或下调作用.     

中草药在防治畜禽疾病中的作用(续上一期)

干扰素是一种非特异性抗病毒物质,它能抑制病毒向未受感染的细胞侵害,而且对病毒病的康复也起着重要作用。但干扰素的人工制备较困难,产量极少,价格昂贵,而且由基因重组生产的干扰素的某些结构特性与内源性干扰素的差异而导致生物活性下降,毒性增强及易产生免疫耐受。因此筛选有效的干扰素诱生剂和使用方法将有更大的现实意义。研究表明许多中草药有诱生干扰素的作用,如党参、白术、山药、猪苓、茯苓等诱生α-干扰素作用,黄芪有诱生β-干扰素作用,黄芩、黄连、生地、金银花、蒲公英等诱生γ-干扰素作用。其它如刺五加、石角斗、栝蒌皮、丝瓜…     

Mouse leukemia: depression of serum interferon production

Production of circulating interferon is significantly impaired in AKR/J mice after development of lymphoblastic leukemia and in Balb/c mice with clinical signs of Friend erythroblastic leukemia. This alteration has been observed with three interferon inducers, each one known to elicit an interferon response in different cells.     

Gamma interferon synthesis by human thymocytes and T lymphocytes inhibited by cyclosporin A

Cyclosporin A depresses the synthesis of gamma interferon by human thymocytes and T lymphocytes in vitro. This observation is of potential clinical significance because the long-term treatment of transplant patients with cyclosporin A, a widely used immunosuppressive agent, can give rise to B-cell lymphoma resulting from Epstein-Barr virus activation.     

加味寿胎颗粒联合干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的观察加味寿胎颗粒联合α-2b干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法 60例e抗原阳性的慢性乙肝患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,对照组单用α-2b干扰素(安福隆)500万u,皮下注射,隔日1次;治疗组采用干扰素注射联合加味寿胎颗粒冲服,10 g/次,3次/d,疗程6个月。结果治疗组e抗原阴转率60%,HBV-DNA转阴率为76.7%;对照组e抗原阴转率33.3%,HBV-DNA转阴率为43.3%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论α-2b干扰素联合加味寿胎颗粒可以显著提高e抗原阳性的慢性乙型肝炎的治疗效果。     

An early event in the interferon-induced transmembrane signaling process

Human interferon stimulates a transient two- to threefold increase in the concentration of diacylglycerol and inositol tris-phosphate within 15 to 30 seconds of cell exposure to interferon. Antibodies to interferon inhibit this effect. The stimulation was measurable in isolated cell membranes exposed to interferon. Human alpha and beta, but not gamma, interferon stimulate this increase in cells containing the appropriate interferon receptor. The effect was proportional to the number of interferon receptors. Both the diacylglycerol increase and antiviral effects induced by interferon could be correlated in terms of dose dependence. Thus, a transient diacylglycerol increase is an early event in the interferon-induced transmembrane signaling process.     

Interferon production and action in mouse, hamster and somatic hybrid mouse-hamster cells

A hybrid mouse-hamster cell line was developed from a mouse cell line which produces a high titer of interferon and is sensitive to its action, and a hamster cell line which produces little interferon and is relatively insensitive to its action. Parental cell lines demonstrated complete species specificity with respect to interferon production and action. The hybrid cells produced interferon (or interferons) effective when tested on the mouse cell line and primary hamster cells; the hybrids were sensitive to the action of both mouse and hamster interferons. Hybrid cells produced ten times more hamster interferon than the parent hamster cell line and were eight times more sensitive to hamster interferon than the parent hamster cell line.     

Interferon: production by chick erythrocytes activated by cell fusion

In the presence of Sendai virus inactivated with ultraviolet light, nucleated chick erythrocytes can be fused with several types of human cells to form heterokaryons. Although chick erythrocytes alone cannot be stimulated by Sendai virus to produce interferon, fusion with a human cell (AH-1) which itself may produce human interferon results in heterokaryons in which the erythrocyte genome is activated and chick interferon is produced. When nucleated chick erythrocytes are fused with another type of human cell (HeLa clone S-3) which does not produce human interferon when stimulated, no chick interferon is detectable, despite morphologic changes suggestive of activation of the erythrocyte nuclei.     

Molecular weight of human gamma interferon is similar to that of other human interferons

The molecular weight (as determined by molecular sieve chromatography) of human gamma interferon, formerly referred to as immune or type II interferon, is between 40,000 and 70,000. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gamma interferon activity was recovered mainly from two regions of the gels corresponding to molecular weights of 20,000 and 25,000. The results suggest that in native form human gamma interferon may be aggregated.     

Interferon inducers in vitro: difference in sensitivity to inhbitiros of RNA and protein synthesis

Interferon can be induced by diverse agents in a variety of mammalian cell cultures through apparently two mechanisms. One results in an early (2 to 10 hours) appearance of interferon and is relatively resistant to inhibition by actinomycin, puromycin, or fluorophenylalanine. A second mechanism results in a late (18 to 24 hours) appearance of interferon and is more sensitive to inhibition by these inhibitors. The molecular basis for each mechanism is unclear. Since each interferon inducer may have multiple effects on the cell, the differences observed may not necessarily reflect a fundamental difference in the mechanism of interferon stimulation.     

犬瘟热的研究与防治综述

犬瘟热(canine distemper,CD)近年来在全国各地普遍流行,给养犬业造成巨大损失。预防本病最好的办法是接种疫苗。根据流行病学和临床症状、包涵体检查及诊断试纸作出初步诊断。在早期诊断的基础上,尽早使用抗体效价高、质量稳定的犬瘟热高免血清,配合使用干扰素和免疫球蛋白,同时应用抗生素及抗病毒药、补液等的对症疗法效果确实。经多年临床实践,总结出预防和治疗各型犬瘟热的原则和方法,给设备条件不高和技术人员力量不雄厚的犬科动物养殖者及基层兽医人士,在诊断和治疗CD病方面,提供了简便易操作的诊断方法。