不同栽植密度对大果甜杨桃果实产量及品质的影响

<正>据《中国南方果树》2014年第5期《不同的栽植密度对大果甜杨桃果实产量及品质的影响》(作者王小媚等)报道,研究不同栽植密度对广西农科院园艺研究所自主选育的大果甜杨桃1号、大果甜杨桃3号果实产量及品质的影响,旨在选择最合适大果甜杨桃栽培的密度,为生产高产优     

大10果桑园生态群体结构的研究

露地栽培果桑,理想的群体结构是:密度每667 m2300～400株,株行距(0.9～1.1 m)×2m,株平均条数11.1根,平均条长1.62 m,667 m2总条数3330根,667 m2总条长5300 m,可获得1400 kg的桑果产量.大棚栽培还要适当偏稀,理想的群体结构是:每667m2256～333株的栽植密度,株行距(1～1.2 m)×2.1 m,株平均条数12根,平均条长1.7 m,667 m2总条数3100根,667 m2总条长5300 m,可获得1900kg的桑果产量,又保证桑果品质.     

大10果桑不同栽培模式与栽植密度探讨

对大10果桑进行了2种栽培模式的不同栽植密度试验,结果表明：大10果桑用钢架连栋大棚栽培与露地栽培相比,产量可增加25.17%,采果期可提前21 d,由于上市早,价格也提高了86.25%,经济效益显著提高。大10果桑,露地栽植密度667㎡桑园以300～400株为宜;大棚栽培果桑,要适当偏稀,每667㎡桑园的栽植密度为256～333株,即可获得较高的桑椹产量,又能提高桑椹品质。     

早熟甜油桃大棚丰产栽培管理技术

甜油桃外观艳丽、风味好、结果早、丰产性强、耐贮运,深受广大消费者和果树生产者的喜爱。大棚甜油桃可当年栽树、当年成花、当年扣棚,第二年4月份上市。每667 m 2产1 000多千克,成熟期比露地栽培早50 d以上,经济效益十分可观,是露地栽培的10倍以上。现将其丰产栽培要点分述如下。1立地条件和栽植密度甜油桃适应性强,但大棚栽培应选立地条件好的地块,园地选择土层深厚、土壤肥沃、排灌水性能良好、土壤pH值不超过7.5的地块。大棚栽培要求早期产量和前期效益,因此栽培密度要大,株行距一般为(1.5￣2)m(×0.8￣1)m,即每667 m 2栽333￣555株。…     

大果甜杨桃一号优质高产栽培技术

1995年 3月 ,我站从广西农科院园艺所引进大果甜杨桃一号进行优质高产栽培试验。 1996年试产 ,每 666 7ｍ2 产量达 4 2 5ｋｇ ,1997年 1150ｋｇ ,1998年2 10 0ｋｇ ,1999年 2 4 50ｋｇ。单果重 150～ 350ｇ ,商品率达 92 % ,成熟时果实含糖量达 10 %～ 12 % ,鲜食味甜可口多汁 ,肉质嫩脆爽滑 ,品质优。现将栽培技术要点总结如下 :1　选择壮苗建立高标准园　　种前一个月挖好 1ｍ见方种植穴 ,株行距为 3ｍ× 4ｍ。每 666 7ｍ2 定植 55株 ,施绿肥 2 50 0ｋｇ ,农家肥 2 50 0ｋｇ ,桐麸 550ｋｇ ,磷肥 55ｋｇ。 3月份选苗高 0 5～ 0 6ｍ、根…     

澳芒在干热河谷地区的引种表现和栽培技术

云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所果树团队引入澳芒种植,经过五年栽培观察,以元谋本地主栽品种三年芒为对照,2019-2020连续两年对其植物学性状、生长结果习性、果实主要经济性状和物候期进行观测,并总结响应的栽培技术。结果表明,澳芒在元谋干热河谷地区表现良好,果实品质和单果质量都优于三年芒,澳芒果形饱满,果大核小,果肉细腻,外形、品质俱佳。树体长势强,抗性和适应性较好,产量稳定,无特殊栽培技术措施,平地种植株行距4×5 m～5×5 m,丰产期产量500～900kg/ 667m2,适宜推广种植。     

春伐桑树不同栽植密度与产叶量的关系

试验在其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下,对667m2桑地面积栽植密度与桑叶产量的关系进行了调查。结果是栽植密度1000～1200株/667m2、留条数7500～8000条/667m2、低干无拳式树形,可显著提高春叶产量和秋叶产量及年产叶量,生产中可推荐采用。     

苹果新品种福星在甘肃天水的表现及栽培技术要点

‘福星’是青岛农业大学苹果育种团队以‘新世界’为母本、‘粉红佳人’为父本进行人工杂交选育的苹果优良新品种,2019年春季,天水市果树研究所引进该品种进行试栽。结果表明：‘福星’平均单果重229.6 g,最大果重261.3 g,果形指数0.92,果实短圆柱形,果形端正,果梗较长。成熟果实鲜红色,果面光亮,风味酸甜,果肉黄白色,肉质细,有香气;可滴定酸含量0.28%,可溶性固形物含量17.1%,去皮硬度11.3 kg/cm2,切开后不易氧化褐变,果实贮藏性好;在甘肃天水表现良好,具有成花容易、坐果率高、品质优良、高抗苹果黑星病、褐斑病、斑点落叶病、白粉病等,较抗晚霜冻害,适应性强,是可替代红富士的免套袋苹果新品种;高接第3年株产17.2kg,折合667 m2产量963.2 kg;第4年株产22.6kg,折合667 m2产量1265.6 kg,适宜在甘肃天水及周边海拔在1000-1600m的苹果产区推广栽植。     

3个优良晚熟桃品种在郓城引种表现及不同栽培模式试验研究

为优化桃品种结构,探索晚熟桃品种早果丰产栽培技术,郓城县林业局开展晚熟桃品种引种试验栽培研究。试验结果表明,3种优良晚熟桃果可溶性固形物含量在14%以上,硬质,风味甜,耐贮存,商品期长,桃果品质上乘。栽后2年挂果株率100%,3年667m2产量在2000kg以上,4年丰产。桃树适宜的栽培方式为起垄栽培。     

绿色食品红杨桃高产栽培技术

杨桃是酢浆草科 ,五敛子属植物 ,是广东著名的地方特产之一。红杨桃 ,即马来西亚B17杨桃 ,是大果甜杨桃的优良品种 ,植株较矮 ,湛江引入的 7年生树平均树高 3 6 7m ,果实较大 ,单果重 2 0 0～ 4 0 0 g ,未成熟果实有明显的水晶状斑点 ,成熟时金黄色 ,果肉结实 ,肉脆化渣 ,汁多 ,香甜可口 ,有蜜香气 ,可溶性固形物 11 0 5 %～ 13%,种子少或无 ,可食率达96 %。湛江 1996年开始从马来西亚引进大果甜杨桃 ,主栽品种有B17、B10 和B2 等 ,廉江市河唇镇红杨桃生产基地是我国首个杨桃绿色食品生产基地。1　红杨桃绿色食品生产基地概况红杨桃绿色…     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.