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为探讨不同干旱程度下俄罗斯大果沙棘与中国沙棘之间抗旱性差异。以两个树种2年生盆栽苗为试验材料,通过人为创造重度、中度、轻度干旱胁迫条件,定期测定叶片脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖等渗透调节物质含量。结果表明:从渗透调节物质变化比较可以看出俄罗斯大果沙棘的抗旱性明显高于中国沙棘。对于在干旱半干旱地区栽培固土林木具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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不同时期中国沙棘雌雄株叶中总黄酮含量的测定 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以芦丁为对照品 ,采用分光光度法 ,对不同采收时间的雌雄中国沙棘叶总黄酮的含量进行了测定与比较 ,为合理利用和评价中国沙棘叶资源提供了依据 相似文献
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中国沙棘优良类型选育和俄罗斯大果沙棘引种研究 总被引:15,自引:6,他引:9
通过在内蒙古开展的中国沙棘优良类型选育和俄罗斯大果沙棘引种研究的结果认为,西藏沙棘,肋果沙棘,云南沙棘,江孜沙棘,海滨沙棘,中亚沙棘不适宜在本区栽培;蒙古沙棘在本区能够正常生长。通过无性系选择,选出了53个中国沙棘优良单株和4个优良类型首次在本区选育出无刺的中国沙棘并进行了繁育;选育出垂枝矮生观赏型中国沙棘和10个极少刺,果较大,产量较高的优良单株,可进行无性繁殖,用于生产或作育种材料。 相似文献
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关于中国沙棘种质资源类型问题的研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
在调查研究比较表型差异的基础上,进一步分析不同产地,及同一产地不同果色、果型、果实大小等的果实生化成分差异。分析表明生态一地理群间的差异最大;同一产地表型间的差异居于次要地位。作者将中国沙棘亚种内依各性状变异级次所划分的类型称为“种质资源类型”,拟就了分类体系,介绍了对各类型沙棘生化成分分析的结果。 相似文献
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中国沙棘叶化学成分的研究(Ⅲ) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究中国沙棘叶化学成分,采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析进行分离,并通过理化常数测定和波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides L.的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离并鉴定了2个黄酮化合物:山萘素-3-β-D-(6″-对羟基桂皮酰基)葡萄糖甙(kaempf-erol 3-β-D-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside,1),异鼠李素-7-0-鼠李糖-3-0-葡萄糖甙(cisorhamnetin-7-0-rhamnose-3—0-glucoside,Ⅱ).结果表明山萘素-3-β-D-(6″-对羟基桂皮酰基)葡萄糖甙为首次从该属植物中得到。 相似文献
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中国沙棘叶化学成分的研究(Ⅱ) 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
目的:研究中国沙棘叶化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析进行分离,通过理化常数测定和波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果:从沙棘Hippophae rhanmoides L-叶中分离并鉴定了3个化合物:β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,I),2α-OH-熊果酸(2α-hydroxy-ursolic acid,Ⅱ),L-2-0-CH3-肌醇(L-2-0-methyl-inositol,Ⅲ).结论:以上化合物均为首次从中国沙棘叶中分离得到,2α-OH-熊果酸,L-2-0-CH3-肌醇为首次从该属植物中分离得到。 相似文献
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氮、磷、钾对银杏叶黄酮含量与营养生长的效应 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过正交试验,利用营养液盆栽法研究了N,P,K3种大量元素对银杏叶黄酮含量和营养生长的影响。结果表明,处理间叶黄酮含量差异极显著,3种元素对黄酮含量效应大小依次为N,K,P。营养液中N,K,P的质量浓度分别为0.21,0.18,0.7g/L对提高叶黄酮含量的效果最优。银杏新梢的增粗生长,3种元素不同配比间存在极显著差异;N,P对新梢粗生长的主效明显,营养液中N和P的质量浓度以0.28g/L和0.12g/L对新梢粗生长效果最好。 相似文献
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Oleuropein, the main phenolic compound of olive fruit, has important antioxidant properties that are responsible for some of the nutritional properties of fruits and the defence mechanism of leaves. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity changes during fruit ripening in many plants. We studied the kinetics and molecular properties of PPO in fruits and leaves of olive (Olea europaea L.) cv. 'Picual' trees and the relationship between PPO and oleuropein concentration during fruit ripening. Polyphenol oxidase showed hyperbolic kinetics in fruits and leaves. Significant increases in PPO specific activity, V(max), K(m )and catalytic efficiency occurred during fruit ripening. Based on SDS-PAGE under partially denaturing conditions and in-gel staining with DL-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, PPO activity was found in one major protein of 55 and 50 kDA in fruits and leaves, respectively. During the last stages of fruit maturation, a second 36 kDa protein was observed in fruits but not in leaves, indicating that this protein could serve as a marker of the final phase of fruit maturation. Under fully denaturing conditions, only one 27.7 kDa immunoreactive band was detected in fruits. Both the amount of PPO activity and the amount of PPO protein increased significantly during fruit maturation. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that PPO is located in the epidermis, parenchyma and companion vascular cells of leaves as well as in the epidermis of fruit. During fruit maturation, oleuropein concentration measured by HPLC significantly decreased in fruits and increased in leaves. 相似文献
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Protein, oil, carbohydrate and starch contents of seed, which were collected from places with latitude 9° N to 32° N, longitude 72° E to 85° E and rainfall 40 to 400 cm, varied significantly (P<0.05) among 12 provenances. Interestingly, seed protein was positively correlated (r=0.838,P<0.05), and on the contrary, carbohydrate and starch were negatively correlated (r=–0.755,r=–0.623, respectively,P<0.05), with the latitude of the seed source. Significant variation for N, P, K, Ca and Mg in stems and leaves of one-year and three-year-old plants was also observed when these provenances were grown at Hisar (29°10 N, 75° 46 E, 215 m alt.), an arid region in north India. In general, provenances from north India at the age of three years had greater chemical and mineral contents than those from south India. Chlorophyll content was highly correlated with the latitude of the seed source, at the ages of one and three years (r=0.742,r=0.659,P<0.05, respectively), while crude protein of foliage at the age of three years was significantly correlated (r=0.673) with latitude. Dehradun, Jammu and Hisar provenances, from the north had comparatively greater concentrations of N, P and K at the age of three years as compared to those from south India. The results are useful from the points of view of genetical variation, and selection of superior provenances for arid conditions in north India. 相似文献
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目的 为了解沙棘树冠不同位置枝条的水碳代谢与生长结实的关系,也为制定针对沙棘树形培养的栽培技术措施提供一定的理论依据。 方法 本研究选取中国沙棘树冠上部、中部、下部的2年生枝条为研究对象,比较其水分状况、光合作用、非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量、枝叶生长、结实性状和果实营养成分。 结果 树冠不同部位枝条凌晨水势差异不显著,下部枝条正午水势显著高于上部和中部枝条;中部枝条凌晨导水损失率(PLC)显著低于上部和下部枝条,下部枝条正午PLC显著高于上部和中部枝条;上部枝条的茎、叶面积比导水率显著高于中部和下部枝条;净光合速率按从大到小的顺序为上部枝条>中部枝条>下部枝条;中部枝条枝条木质部NSC含量显著高于上部枝条,但二者与下部枝条差异都不显著,各位置间枝条韧皮部NSC含量无显著性差异,上部和中部枝条的叶片NSC含量显著性高于下部枝条;下部枝条的花芽纵横径、纯花芽比例、发芽率、新梢数量、新梢基径、叶面积、比叶质量均显著低于上部和中部枝条,下部枝条的果实纵横径、坐果率、可溶性固形物含量也低于上部和中部枝条,上部枝条的枝长、基径显著高于中部枝条,中部枝条的百果质量和果实纵横径显著高于上部枝条,不同部位枝条总黄酮、维生素C和可滴定酸含量差异不显著。 结论 下部枝条受遮光的影响较大,明显限制光合产物摄取和生长,并较大程度的影响了其结实性状,上部枝条在生长上占有优势,中部枝条在结实性状上占有优势。因此,中国沙棘的树形培养应充分考虑其光照条件,及时清除下部低光照区域枝条;同时注意营养生长和生殖生长的平衡,充分利用树冠上部和中部枝条结实是提高沙棘产量和品质的重要措施。 相似文献