喷施铁和有机酸防治菠萝叶片黄化及其对产量的影响研究

采用大田试验方法,以中国菠萝主栽品种‘巴厘’为试材,研究了叶面喷施柠檬酸、硫酸亚铁、硫酸亚铁＋柠檬酸、柠檬酸铁、柠檬酸铁铵对菠萝叶片总铁、活性铁、叶绿素含量及菠萝生长和产量影响,为防治菠萝叶片黄化提供依据。试验结果表明,6.67%硫酸亚铁溶液、0.2%柠檬酸溶液pH值均在2.80以下,叶面喷施酸性溶液提高了菠萝叶片活性铁、叶绿素含量,能促进菠萝生长,提高菠萝产量;柠檬酸铁在常温下难溶于水,对提高菠萝叶片活性铁、叶绿素含量及促进菠萝生长和提高产量效果不显著;柠檬酸铁铵、柠檬酸＋硫酸亚铁都能显著提高菠萝叶片全铁、活性铁及叶绿素含量,增加菠萝叶片数、D叶长度、宽度及产量,能有效防治菠萝叶片黄化。     

不同类型铁肥改善花生缺铁效果研究

为探究不同铁肥改善花生缺铁黄化的效果,本研究选用ICG6848和鲁花12号两个花生品种,设置FeSO4·7H2O(Fe)、FeSO4·7H2O+牛粪(Fe+NF)、EDTA螯合铁(Fe-EDTA)、黄腐酸铁(Fe-FA)、黄腐酸(FA)、牛粪(NF)和不施肥(CK)7个处理,分析了各处理花生叶片的SPAD值、干物质积累...     

缺铁花生喷施FCU复合铁后叶片中活性铁与叶绿素及产量的关系

本文研究了缺铁失绿的花生,喷施FCU复合铁后,叶片中活性铁与叶绿素及产量的关系。结果表明:喷施FCU复合铁后,叶片中活性铁迅速增加,随着时间的变化,失绿叶片逐渐复绿,叶片中叶绿素含量增加,最后产量增加,花生叶片中活性铁与叶绿素及产量之间的关系模型以y=A+Bx/x为最优。     

喷施黄腐酸对花生生长发育的影响

花生叶面喷施稀释１０００倍的黄腐酸（ＦＡ）溶液可以增加花生的单株有效花果和单株根瘤数，使叶片叶绿素含量提高，果针提早入土，加快果针膨大，提高花生饱果率，增加荚果产是。喷施试验结果表明，以苗期，始花期、下针期３次喷施黄腐酸效果最佳，其次为始花期和下针期２次喷施黄腐酸的处理，而只于苗期１次喷施黄腐酸的处理效果不明显。     

乙烯利对花生农艺和生理性状的影响

以六种浓度的乙烯利对初花期花生进行叶面喷施,定期观测其主要农艺、生理生化及产量指标。结果表明,喷施适宜浓度的乙烯利可抑制地上部分的生长,提高叶片和植株物质积累量;100 mg/L和150 mg/L乙烯利处理能优化花生植株的生理生化特性,表现为显著提高花生叶片的蛋白质含量和叶绿素含量及SOD和POD活性,增强花生叶片的光合速率和蒸腾速率,增强了主根活力,降低花生叶片丙二醛和可溶性糖含量;200 mg/L乙烯利处理能提高植株的单株结荚数、饱果率和产量,但百果重和百仁重有所下降。     

文献摘要

山东棕壤茶园幼龄茶树叶片黄化病因诊断与防治研究分析了茶园土壤pH值、有机质、养分状况和不同病害程度叶片中与叶色有关的6种无机元素含量,并对患病植株进行了叶面喷施氮、镁、铁、锰、铜和锌肥的效果研究。结果表明,土壤中有效氮含量低是导致茶树下部成叶黄化的原因,喷施尿素能使下部成叶快速转绿,但     

调环酸钙对夏直播花生衰老、产量和品质的影响

大田栽培条件下,研究了叶面喷施调环酸钙(prohexadione calcium)对花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)衰老、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,调环酸钙可显著提高花生根系活力、叶片叶绿素含量以及植株(根系和叶片)中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性和可溶性蛋白质(Pr)含量,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量;调环酸钙可显著降低花生植株高度和kg果数,增加单株果数、出米率、荚果产量和脂肪含量。每hm2使用30g的处理效果明显好于60g的处理。     

“福青源”叶面营养液在大棚西瓜上的应用试验

【目的】对“富青源”叶面营养液在大棚西瓜上的应用效果进行研究。【方法】试验设3个处理,分别为20000倍叶面营养液喷施、30000倍叶面营养液喷施及清水喷施对照,进行效果对比试验。【结果】叶面喷施“富青源”叶面营养液能提高大棚西瓜产量21．5％～25．6％,并提高西瓜的糖分含量;结合西瓜产量和糖分含量分析,“富青源”叶面营养液20000倍稀释,在西瓜苗大田移栽14d后分3次喷施,隔7d喷施1次,施用效果最好。[结论】施用“富青源”叶面营养液能显著提高西瓜产量和改善西瓜品质。     

烯效唑(S_(3307))浸种对工业大麻种子萌发及叶喷对幼苗生理特性的影响

为研究S_(3307)适宜的浸种浓度及叶面喷施浓度,研究设置0、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6 mg/L 5个浸种浓度和0、20、40、60、80 mg/L 5个叶面喷施浓度,浸种测定种子萌发数、胚根长和胚轴长;三叶期叶面喷施S_(3307)后测定SPAD值、净光合速率(P_N)、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果表明,0.4 mg/L的S_(3307)浸种显著提高了工业大麻种子的发芽指数和活力指数。叶面喷施40 mg/L的S_(3307)可以显著增加工业大麻叶片的SPAD值和净光合速率(P_N),增加可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,增强SOD和POD活性,降低MDA含量。说明适宜浓度S_(3307)能够促进工业大麻种子萌发和叶片生理代谢。     

植物生长调节剂对大豆氮代谢相关生理指标以及产量和品质的影响

在大田栽培条件下,以垦农4号为材料,在始花期叶面喷施不同植物生长调节剂,比较大豆叶片中游离氨基酸含量、硝态氮含量、可溶性蛋白含量和硝酸还原酶活性的变化差异,研究叶面喷施植物生长调节剂6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、脱落酸(ABA)对大豆氮代谢相关生理指标以及对大豆产量品质的调控效应.结果表明:叶面喷施6-BA和ABA分别提...     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。