Technical Economy Analysis on Selection of Structure About Soldier Pile

Based on silt geological condition, aimed at cantilever pile and pile-anchor, using method of beam on elastic foundation ,through multiple combinations of pile spacing, diameter, embedded-depth at different levels of excavation depth, the impaction is discussed on the greatest displacement, maximum bending moment, the largest shear forces of supporting structure, and in different excavation, bolt locations impact on maximum horizontal displacement, the greatest moment of medial and lateral bending moment, the biggest shear force of pile and the axial force of bolt. By deformation control standards of supporting structure, the law and technically feasible program is found. Then combined with construction method of pile and current quota, technical economy is performed to find the economic plan and give suggestion to the project.     

Study of Quality Management and Inspection Technology of Anchorage System

Sonoprobe method has been applied in non-destructive inspection of anchorage project. Its fundament is to cause anchor bar's elastic vibration by dynamic transient excitation and the flaws of anchor bar can be estimated or deduced by determining the transient response. The numeric solution!of hyperbolic equation by FEA indicates that the deductions should comply with the acoustic parameters such as sound velocity, vibration range, wave shape etc., when inspecting the interior flaws in grouting of anchor bar. As a non-linear dynamic system,"the artificial neural networks dealing with quality inspection of gray system have been proved efficient.     

软岩地质条件下浅埋隧道锚缩尺模型试验

为研究隧道锚的受力变形和锚碇承载特性等问题,在重庆几江长江大桥工程北岸现场开展1∶30缩尺模型试验。试验结果表明：从相似设计荷载240 kN到1 680 kN,双锚碇前锚面沿拉拔方向的最大位移平均值为0.020~0.808 mm,双锚碇前端上部地表岩体铅直方向的最大位移值为0.028~0.749 mm,双锚碇后端上部地表岩体铅直方向的最大位移值为0.014~0.645 mm;锚碇围岩破裂类型是拉剪复合型破坏;锚碇上方地表横桥方向参与抗拔作用的岩体范围约2~3 m,而沿锚碇轴向参与拉拔作用的岩体破坏区类似一个倒塞体形状;通过试验得到模型锚的可靠抗拉拔承载能力为1 344 kN;模型锚在840 kN下的流变趋于稳定,其长期安全系数为3.5。模型试验结果表明软岩地质条件下浅埋隧道锚具有较高的抗拉拔承载能力,证明此设计方案是可行的。     

Behavior and Design of High-strength Bolt in Tensile Connection

The tensile strength of high strength bolt is affected by many factors, including prying force. The prying force can result in the increment of bolt force, for which the connection failed ahead of time. Several methods are presented for calculating the prying force. In the China's "Code for Design of Steel Structure" (GB50017), there is no formula for calculation of prying force and a factor of 0.8 is considered in formula for tensile strength of bolt for taking the prying force into account. It is proposed that the design value of tensile resistance for high strength bolt should be increased.     

A Determination Method of Anchorage Length of Compression Anchor

The distribution of the axial stress and shear stress on the anchorage segment and the formulation for calculating the anchorage length were derived based on the stress analysis of the anchorage segment of compression anchor. And the effects of parameters, including the elastic modulus, poisson ratio, cohesion, and internal fiction angle of rock mass, on the anchorage length were studied. The results show that the anchorage length decreases with the increase of the elastic modulus, cohesion and internal friction angle of rock mass; and the anchorage length increases linearly but limited with increasing of poisson ratio of rock mass; and it also increases with increasing load.     

Experimental Study on the Beam Bars Detail in Exterior Short Pier Shear Wall Joints

By experiment of the beam bars in exterior short pier shear wall joints,the anchorage performance of the beam bars in joints on the action of low cyclic load have been studied to attest if the beam bars in exterior short pier shear wall joints can sufficed with the demanding of anchorage intensity and anchorage rigidity, when the anchorage of beam bars satisfy the requirement of the code.     

Analytic Solution of Anchor Bolts with Dynamic Detection

Sonoprobe method has been applied in non-destructive inspection of anchorage project. Its fundament is that to use dynamic transient excitation for inducing anchor bar's elastic vibration. The flaws in the bar can be estimated or deduced by determining transient response of anchor bar. Based on the theory of elasto-dynamics, in this paper, a theoretical model of acoustic detection of anchor bar has been built up. On the mechanics field, this method means that if information of disturbance resource, boundary conditions and initial conditions has been given, the dominant equation describing medium motion would be established. That is, it leads to the problem of initial value or initial boundary value of hyperbolic type or hyperbolic-diffusibility type equation. Thereby the dynamic response could be solved. As an example, analytic solution of heterogeneous wave equation is deduced in case of bounded region.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STATIC ANCHORAGE BEHAVIOR OF BEAM BARS WITN 90-DEGREE HOOK IN EXTERIOR JOINTS OF R/C FRAMES

In order to investigate the influence of concrete strength,horlzontal and verticalportions of anchorage length and cover thickness etc,upon the mechanical performance of 90-degreehooks of beam upper bars in exterior joints,static experiments of 40 beam- column subassemblagesare carried out. This study emphasizes the damage characteristics of the anchorage zone,measures thestrains of the bars along the anchorage length and analyzes the special anchorage mechanism of suchhooks of beam bars.     

南欧蒜与普通大蒜主要营养组分的比较

验结果表明，南欧蒜平均单头鲜重及平均单薹鲜重显著高于苍山蒜和苏联蒜。南欧蒜蒜头中可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量高于普通大蒜，蒜薹中大蒜素含量高于苍山蒜略低于苏联蒜，蒜薹和蒜头中蛋白质、维生素C含量均低于苍山蒜和苏联蒜。     

Design and Test of an Exceedingly-long Prestressed Workshop Floor

Based on the project of a prestressed concrete beam-slab structure,this paper introduces the optimum design of a four-spanned exceedingly long prestressed floor. Different schemes,such as the scheme of the prestressed major beam,the scheme of the prestressed secondary beam with the same span and the scheme of the prestressed secondary beam with different spacing,are compared and analyzed in this paper.Meanwhile,various methods of the exceedingly treatment for long prestressed reinforcement are compared.Finally,based on two prestressed beams,the prestress loss,the prestressing value at the ends of the beam and the deflection in the midspan of the beam are detected during the tension and anchorage stage in order to verify the results of the theoretical analysis.     

蒜薹贮藏保鲜工艺及常见问题

蒜薹是我国北方冷库贮藏蔬菜的主要品种,在我国果蔬贮藏保鲜业中贮量大、供应期长、经济效益好。简述了蒜薹贮藏保鲜工艺、常见问题及解决办法,以期为蒜薹保鲜技术的研究以及蒜薹贮藏保鲜业提供参考。     

我国蒜薹产业2010年回顾和2011年展望

从2010年全国各主产区蒜薹收购价格比较及收贮与销售蒜薹情况的回顾,分析了气候、蔬菜市场、大蒜种植等影响我国蒜薹产业经营状况的主要因素及存在的问题,展望了2011年蒜薹产业的发展前景.     

Experimental Research on the Behavior of Direct Anchoring Beam-wider-than-wall Joint

Based on the elastic finite element analysis of the RC beam-wider-than-wall joint, two large-scale specimens of the direct anchoring beam-wider-than-wall joint are designed to test the joint behavior. The stresses and slips of longitudinal bars in the beam, load-bearing capacity and destruction form are observed and analyzed. The analysis and test results show that: The wide beam should be extended through into the wall for some length to make the flexural stress uniform along beam section width, thus the beam's bearing capacity can be achieved. The anchorage condition of the upper longitudinal bar in the beam outside the wall's width is poor, thus the anchorage length prescribed in the current CODE is not enough to ensure the bearing capacity and ductility of joints. The beam stirrups are very important to the anchorage of the upper longitudinal bar in the beam outside the wall's width. If the quantity of the beam stirrups is not enough, the wide beam in the joint area would have more cracks which decrease the bearing capacity and ductility of joints. Finally, a novel spatial truss mechanism model for the beam-wider-than-wall joint is put forward.     

Partial Pressure Problem About Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge Anchorage Zone of Thin Concrete Box Girder Webs Carrying Large Tonnage

With continuous rigid frame bridge span increasing,cantilever construction of large tonnage anchor are also becoming more common,but local stress distribution is complicated on prestressed anchorage zone of thin concrete box girder webs by the large tonnage,which reveals its distribution of post-tensioned concrete bridge structure to be solved in the future.Based on the theory,some key points such as pressure factors,destruction and the reasons for the compression type crack were discussed in the paper.By using the North Approach continuous rigid frame concrete bridge of Yangtze River Bridge project example,the local compression strength,crack resistance and the smallest protective layer thickness of the first segment of one continuous rigid frame box girder bridge under design value Rally 4882.5 kN of No.T2 tendom,according to the local pressure formulas of Code for Design of Highway Reinforced Concrete and Pre-stressed Concrete Bridges and Culverts of China(JTG D62-2004) and Finite Element Method,were checking.Both the results verify that meets the standard requirements.The results reveal that the design of a web-Laced with horizontal steel mesh sealed off side stirrup can solve the partial pressure problem.     

Analysis of the roof separation in mining roadway and technical parameters determination of bolt combined supporting

Based on bolt combined effect in the roof of mining roadway, the necessity conditions of load, span and deflection are proposed for stratification separation in the immediate roof. With strata combination of composite beams as key combination and Principle of Deformation coordination, the calculation formulas of the four key Support Technology parameters are obtained for length, spacing, distance between two rows and pretension force in bolt support of the roof of mining roadway.     

IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE DESIGN CONCEPT ANDAPPROACH OF THE ANCHORAGE END 90-DEGREE BENT BEAM REINFORCEMENT IN FRAME EXTERIOR JOINTS

On the basis of the results of static tests of the full-scale subassemblage of exte-rior joints in reinforced concrete frames,and with reference to other experimental results of homeand abroad.This paper analyses the load-earrying capacity of the anchorage end of 9O-degree bentbeam reinforcement in the exterior joints,verified the horizontal development length of this kind ofanchorage end Specified in the state standard' Concrete Structure Design Code',and proposes im-provements for the design concrete and specification for this kind of anchorage end.     

Development of a Model of Lodging for Barley

Lodging in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) can result either from buckling of any part of the stem (stem lodging) or failure of the root–soil anchorage system (root lodging). A framework for calculating the risk of stem lodging is developed which takes account of the shoot's height, ear area, natural frequency, weight, the flexural rigidity of the stem and changes in stem strength along its length. The model predicted that stem lodging in barley cultivars would occur half way up the stem, and stem lodging in wheat would occur close to the soil surface. These predictions are consistent with general observations of stem lodging in barley and wheat. The higher position of stem lodging in barley, compared with wheat, was caused by the greater flexibility of the barley stems and a more rapid reduction in stem strength up the stem. A sensitivity analysis showed that the stem diameter of the middle internodes had the greatest effect on the risk of stem lodging. Changes to ear area, drag coefficient, crop height, shoot natural frequency and the strength of the stem wall had a moderate influence. Measurements of anchorage strength in barley and wheat plants indicated that the mechanism of anchorage failure was the same for both species and that a model of root lodging developed for wheat could be successfully adapted for barley.     

深部大跨度切眼顶板分区控制技术

针对深部大跨度切眼顶板自稳能力差、变形剧烈、支护困难等问题,以赵固二矿1105大采高工作面切眼支护为工程背景,综合现场调研、理论分析、顶板探测等方法,分析了深部大跨度切眼冒顶机理和不同顶板的控制关键,提出了以接长锚杆支护为主导的顶板分区控制技术,阐明了不同顶板分区的控制原理。据此,对赵固二矿1105切眼二次成巷进行了支护设计,并进行了顶板下沉量和顶板失稳垮落规律监测,结果表明：接长锚杆与中部层位顶板共同形成的“锚固体岩梁”呈现出较好的稳定性,各层位顶板均得到了有效控制,保证了切眼顶板安全与正常服务。     

大蒜高产优质高效的氮磷钾配合施用技术研究

1998~2001年连续三年多点研究大蒜高产优质高效的氮磷钾配合施用技术。结果表明,氮磷钾配施可以大幅度提高大蒜的产量,三年平均,蒜苗、蒜苔和蒜头产量较不施钾肥的对照分别提高13.9%~39.2%、24.2%~33.2%和17.3%~24.5%,平均增产30.5%、29.4%和21.2%。增施氮肥也能有效提高蒜苗和蒜苔的产量;磷肥用量不足,蒜头产量急剧下降。以施用钾肥为中心的平衡施肥技术能有效增加蒜苗和蒜苔中维生素C及可溶性糖分含量,改善大蒜的内在品质,提高大蒜的营养价值。施钾增收5343~7279元/hm2,施用钾肥的产投比达(10.8~19.5):1。当前生产水平条件下,大蒜平衡施肥方案为纯N300kg/hm2,P2O590kg/hm2,K2O300kg/hm2左右。     

蒜薹炭疽病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究

为了明确引起蒜薹炭疽病的病原菌种类及其主要生物学特性,从河南新乡发病蒜薹上分离到一株炭疽病菌,依据病菌的形态特征、培养性状和致病性测定等进行鉴定,并进行病原生物学特性研究。结果表明,该蒜薹炭疽病菌是胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc.）。该菌菌丝生长的温度范围为10~35℃,最适25℃;菌丝生长的适宜pH范围为3~7,最适pH 7。分生孢子萌发的温度范围为10~40℃,最适30℃;分生孢子萌发的适宜pH范围为4~7,最适pH 6。分生孢子在饱和湿度萌发率最高,相对湿度低于90%时不能萌发。光暗交替最有利于菌丝的生长,黑暗条件有利于分生孢子的萌发。本研究是首次报道了引起蒜薹炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌。