蜂蛹蛋白的酶解工艺研究

以蜜蜂蜂蛹为原料,研究蜂蛹蛋白质酶解工艺,并对所得结果进行分析。结果表明,胰蛋白酶水解蜂蛹蛋白质最适条件为:酶解温度为60℃,酶用量为1.5%,酶解时间1.5 h,pH值为8.0,料水比为1∶8,最适水解条件下,水解液中的氨基氮质量浓度为1.526 mg/mL;中性蛋白酶水解蜂蛹蛋白质最适条件为:酶解温度为45℃,酶用量为2.0%,酶解时间为1 h,pH值为7.5,料水比为1∶6,最适水解条件下,水解液中的氨基氮质量浓度为2.068 mg/mL;最优水解酶是中性蛋白酶;双酶水解蜂蛹蛋白质的最适条件为:总酶量为2.0%,酶量比为1∶2,酶解温度50℃,酶解时间为2 h,最适水解条件下,水解液中的氨基氮质量浓度为1.889 mg/mL。双酶同时水解的效果不及中性蛋白酶。     

豆腐渣高膳食纤维饼干的研制

现阶段我国对豆腐渣的研究和开发尚处于起步阶段,有关资料表明,豆腐渣含有丰富的膳食纤维、蛋白质以及异黄酮,具有很好的保健功能。以豆腐渣为原料探究了高膳食纤维饼干的开发,确定配方为:油1.6 g,鸡蛋1.8 g,木糖醇1 g,豆腐渣2 g,山药粉0.3 g,果胶0.062 5 g,胡萝卜素0.002 g,水4 mL,面粉1 g,并对该饼干进行了理化指标的检测。     

超临界CO_2萃取核桃油工艺的研究

以干燥粉碎后核桃仁为原料,研究应用超临界CO2流体萃取核桃油的工艺。通过正交试验及方差分析得出,超临界CO2萃取核桃油的最佳工艺条件:萃取压力为30 MPa,萃取温度50℃,分Ⅰ压力8 MPa,分Ⅰ温度55℃,萃取时间2 h,在此条件下萃取率为85%以上。     

洛阳市绿地景观格局分析及综合评判

绿地景观是城市生态系统的生态基础,人类赖以生存的基质与环境,城市生物多样性的载体,以洛阳市绿地景观为研究对象,利用遥感(RS)技术获取绿地的景观信息,建立了洛阳市绿地信息专题数据库,在景观生态学理论指导下,从绿地量、绿地规模、连接程度、空间布局等方面进行了洛阳市绿地景观格局分析,并通过主成分分析法,利用主成分与贡献率乘积的累积值,对不同区域绿地进行景观格局综合评价,将评价指标综合为景观格局、分离度和廊道密度3项指标,由于涧西区的人均绿地面积、绿化覆盖率、斑块平均面积、景观优势度、多样性指数均为最大;得出涧西区最优,西工区次之,老城区第三,洛龙区第四,瀍河区最差。该方法为绿地景观格局的综合评价提供了一定的参考,为洛阳市绿地系统的景观结构优化提供依据。     

油茶气象影响指标研究综述

基于收集到的近百篇与气象条件有关的油茶研究文献和出版书籍,进行气象条件对油茶生产影响的归类统计,其结果可分为3类,即油茶种植气候适宜性指标、油茶产量气象条件的影响指标、油茶气象灾害指标。油茶种植气候适宜性指标及条件为：（1）年平均气温14~21℃,最适宜温度为16~21℃,极端最低气温-10℃,极端最高气温40℃,最冷月平均气温0℃以上,最热月平均气温31℃以下,年无霜期大于200天,≥10℃积温为4000~7000℃·d,最适宜的≥10℃积温为5000~7000℃·d;（2）年降水量1000~ 2200 mm,最适宜年降水量为1200~1800 mm;相对湿度74%~85%;（3）年日照时数1500~2200 h,年日照百分率35%以上。油茶产量适宜性气象指标及条件为：（1）春梢生长期适宜的平均气温为10~20℃;（2）花芽分化期适宜的平均气温为24~33℃,最适宜平均气温为27~33℃,日平均日照时数在10 h以上;花期适宜的平均气温为10~20℃,最适宜平均气温为14~18℃,盛花期雨日小于13天,日照大于100 h;（3）果实生长期适宜的平均气温为25~30℃,降水量在200 mm以上,最适宜降水量为450~550 mm;（4）油脂累积期适宜的平均气温为16~23℃,降水量在100 mm以上,最适宜降水量为150~200 mm,高温日数小于20天。油茶主要气象灾害有：低温冷冻害、连阴雨、高温干旱、冰雹和大风。     

杜仲籽油的提取及其微胶囊的制备

以杜仲籽为原料,采用索式提取法对杜仲籽油进行提取及工艺优化研究,并采用复凝聚法研究杜仲籽油微胶囊化工艺条件。研究结果表明,采用正己烷萃取杜仲籽油的最优条件为:萃取试剂与杜仲籽比例为7.5:1(mL:g),萃取温度为85℃,萃取时间为6 h,此时出油率为31.55%,利用明胶和阿拉伯胶作为壁材微胶囊包埋杜仲籽油的最优条件为:芯材与壁材比例(即杜仲籽油、明胶和阿拉伯胶的质量比)为1:2:2,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为60 min,pH值为4,此时油利用率为87.8%,包埋率为34.32%,产品收率为51.16%。     

旱作对稻米蒸煮品质的影响研究

选用以IR64为受体的抗旱基因聚合杂交后代的147个新品系为材料,以水作为对照,研究了旱作对稻米蒸煮品质的影响。结果表明：总体上旱作处理下抗旱新品系的胶稠度比水作处理下低,胶稠度越高的品系,旱作胶稠度降低越大;旱作处理下的碱消值比水作的高,碱消值越高的品系,旱作和水作处理下的差别越小;旱作处理下的直链淀粉含量比水作处理下低,随着直链淀粉含量的增加,旱作和水作的差别越大,但在AC较低时,旱作条件下比水作条件下稍高。在糊化温度和直链淀粉含量两性状上,旱作对改善品质是有利的,对胶稠度不利,不过胶稠度较高的品系中也有个别品系旱作处理的胶稠度比水作的相近或稍高,这些品系有望育成抗旱新品种作为旱作品种推广。     

丹参干燥工艺参数的研究

丹参是重要的中药材,为了保证丹参的加工质量,对丹参根采收后的干燥进行了试验研究。通过正交试验,研究了风温、风速和物料层厚度对丹参色泽、气味和干燥时间的影响。通过研究可知,当风温取70℃,风速取0.7m/s时,丹参色泽和气味较好;当风温取70℃,风速取1.0m/s时,丹参干燥最快,总干燥时间约210min。     

Research on Load Prediction Model of Air Condition System Based on Elman Neural Network

The load of air condition system is influenced by many factors, and they are variable and nonlinear, The relation between them is dynamic,It is impossible to forecaste the load of air condition syestem accurately by traditional method. But Recurrent Neural Network is able to reflect the dynamic lively and directly. Elman is one of the typical RNN. Based on the analysis as above, prediction model of air-condition system based on Elman neural network is established, and some prediction is done. The prediction accuracy of Elman neural network and BP neural network is compared, and the experiments show that the Elman neural network is efficiency and accuracy , so Elman neural network is a new and reliable method for predicting the load of air-condition system.     

河南省棉花纤维主要品质指标分析及分区探讨

根据2002年国家棉花品种区试黄河流域棉花品种区域试验数据和河南省棉花质量检测中心抽样数据,分析棉花长度、比强度、麦克隆值等纤维品质指标。将河南省的植棉区分为豫东、豫东南、豫西南、豫北4个分区。这些分区间的纤维品质指标存在显著差异。国家区试数据和河南省棉花质量中心抽样数据结果基本一致。区试数据结果:纤维长度、比强度、麦克隆值3项指标豫东最优,豫东南优于豫北。豫东的纤维长度为30.30mm,较豫北的28.96mm长1.34mm;麦克隆值较豫北小1.23,较豫东南小0.51。河南省抽样数结果为豫东较优,豫北区欠佳,豫西南的纤维偏粗。总体上看河南省的棉花纤维品质集中在中档棉这一档次,要提高棉花纤维品质,需要在比强度和纤维长度上加强。     

Network Partitioning Based on Threshold Search and Dynamic Scatter for Voltage/Var Control

Secondary Voltage Control is a new way of voltage control,firstly the power system is divided into many control areas whose electric distance is remote.The partitioning method of secondary voltage control is studied and an algorithm that combination of the threshold search and dynamic scatter is presented.That is,the initial grouping scheme is obtained by searching the threshold value.The dynamic scatter method then is used to regulate and improve the initial results.The method is based on system's physical character,it's unnecessary to modify the network's model and analysis the eigenvalue,so the compute rate is fast.Through comparing the method and the traditional methods,this method is proved to be a reasonable and feasible partitioning scheme.     

Conditional Value-at-Risk and Its Use in Credit Risk Measurement of Banks

Credit risk, the major risk of bank, is more and more intense during the period of economic restructuring in China. In view of the flaw of present risk measurement system, Conditional Value-at-Risk is used for the credit risk measurement which is better than Value-at-Risk. This paper creates the model ,while gives the method and procedure for solving it. So CVaRof credit combination is produced, which is just the early warning value of credit risk. At last, it is concluded that the CVaRrisk measurement is too difficult to use widely at present in china, then some advice is provided.     

烟草漂浮育苗基质新型材料育苗试验

热研4号王草经过加工、发酵处理后与蛭石和珍珠岩以不同比例配比混合进行烟草漂浮育苗试验。结果表明，经过发酵处理的两种粒径的草粉在不同的处理和配方下具有显著的出苗差异，筛选出发芽率较好的2个配方：粒径7处理1反应程度80%配比3:2:5的两次发芽率为81.84%和59.38%；粒径4处理2配比3:2:5反应程度100%的两次发芽率为86.25%和68.75%。     

灰树花子实体中水溶性多糖提取工艺优化研究

以水为浸提液,通过单因素试验研究了颗粒度、浸提温度、浸提时间、水料比、醇沉度等因素对灰树花子实体多糖提取率的影响,并采用正交试验对提取工艺进行优化。试验表明,水料比对灰树花子实体多糖提取率的影响最大,其次是浸提时间,浸提温度影响最小。通过对提取条件的优化,结合收益、成本等综合因素选出最佳优化工艺为:浸提温度90℃,浸提时间5 h,水料比25∶1。验证试验显示,在最佳工艺条件下提取的多糖提取率达13.4%。     

Simulation of Evacuating Buffer in High-rise Building Fires

Buffer zone set between aisle and anteroom is proposed to improve the traditional mode of pressurizes mechanic smoke extraction. Fire Dynamic Simulation is used to simulate the model of high-rise fire. Eight models are set and analyzed, in which the smoke temperature distribution and concentration distribution are compared, and the best parameters is worked out. The result shows, when exhaust smoke volume is constant, the velocity of air curtain is as low as possible; when the volume of air curtain is constant, the smoke volume is as low as better. Based on the comparison, it is found that the smoke removal efficiency of mode 4 is the best one, which is about 74.06%. The evacuating buffer not only can let smoke out timely, but also can guarantee safe personnel evacuation.     

不同类型萝卜品种开花习性观察

本试验对不同类型萝卜开花温度、柱头和花粉活力、自交退化原因进行研究,结果表明：萝卜雄性不育系花器结构与保持系及正常植株（自交系）有较大差异,花药发育有黄化、败育、半不育三种类型。冬萝卜花期30－45天,日开花量与温度显著正相关,开花前一天的柱头与当日花粉杂交,结实率最高。春夏萝卜开花受温度、光照等多种因素影响,较高温度时,部分植株能开花,但花药发育不正常,花期短,结实率低。萝卜自交退化与花粉活力下降有关。     

乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯淀粉的制备工艺研究

以马铃薯淀粉为原料,醋酸酐为酯化试剂,三偏磷酸钠为交联剂制备了乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯。通过单因素试验,研究pH值、试剂添加量、反应时间、反应温度对沉降积和乙酰化取代度的影响。采用正交试验,确定了乙酰化淀粉的最佳反应条件:醋酸酐用量7%,温度30℃,pH值10,反应2 h;交联淀粉的最佳反应条件:三偏磷酸钠用量2.0%,温度45℃,pH值11,反应2 h。     

烟台酿酒葡萄蛇龙珠产区土壤质地及营养特征分析

为探明山东烟台地区蛇龙珠葡萄种植区土壤质地及营养水平特征,[方法]调查了烟台4个地区的23个蛇龙珠葡萄园土壤,分析了土壤质地及矿质养分含量等指标。[结果]结果表明：种植区土壤石砾（≧2mm）含量≧10%,为砾质土;土壤颗粒≦2mm的土壤以砂质壤土为主,占74.8%;土壤机械组成中,粗砂粒（2~0.2mm）和细砂粒（0.2~0.02mm）之和,占80%左右;土壤有机质含量0.82%,中等和低水平,占34.8%和39.2%;pH值6.03,微酸;碱解氮31.11mg/kg,极低水平88.4%;有效磷16.44mg/kg,极低水平53.62%;速效钾105.76mg/kg,低水平46.4%;有效铜0.46mg/kg,中等水平59.4%;有效锌0.54mg/kg,低水平52.2%;有效铁19.05mg/kg,高和适宜水平,占44.9%和49.3%,养分变异系数：有效铜>有效磷>速效钾>碱解氮>交换性镁>有效锌>交换性钙>有效铁,其中有效铜113.14%,为强变异,其它为中等变异。蓬莱地区土壤呈酸化趋势,pH值5.56,变幅在4.43~6.68,交换性钙、镁含量偏低。     

Conjugate Natural Convective Heat Transfer in an Enclosure with Discrete Protruded Heat Sources

The mathematic model on natural convection is proposed in a two-dimensional enclosure cavity with an isothermal heat sink at one vertical wall and five discrete protruded sources. Numerical study is performed to analyze the natural convection in the enclosure with a variety of aspect ratio, the range of which is from 3.0 to 12.22, Ra H is 10 7 and Pr is 30.The computed results show that the total heat transfer effect under the situation with discrete protruded heat sources is prior to that with flat wall heated. Moreover, when the aspect ratio is comparatively large, there is several secondary flow in the enclosure, which enhance the convective heat transfer. On the contrary, when the aspect ratio is small, the secondary flow weakened or disappeared, and the total convective heat transfer drop. Finally, the convective heat transfer criteria in the enclosure is obtained.     

黑龙江小麦麸皮膳食纤维挤压膨化—酶法改性工艺条件的优化

采用挤压膨化法和纤维素酶法对预处理后的小麦麸皮进行改性,以提高可溶性膳食纤维的含量,从而提高产品的功能性。先将预处理后的膳食纤维DF1挤压改性得到DF2,再对DF2进行纤维素酶酶解改性。结果表明,膳食纤维DF1挤压改性的最优条件为:物料含水量45%,进料速度为25 r/min,螺杆转速200 r/min,挤压温度为70-90-110-130-150℃,得到DF2的SDF含量为33.95%。膳食纤维DF2酶解改性的最优条件为:料液比为1:10,酶用量为30 U/g,酶解时间为4 h,得到最终膳食纤维成品SDF含量为72.61%。