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本文概述了微卫星DNA进行亲子鉴定的基本原理方法,将其用于亲子鉴定的优点以及研究进展,最后对未来的应用进行了展望。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2019,(8):1596-1603
以杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪3个品种的48头系谱清楚的猪为样本,使用PAGE法从55个微卫星位点中筛选出扩增效果好、多态性丰富且便于进行多重PCR扩增的位点,对试验样本逐一进行基因分型,并据此进行亲权确认,建立一种高效的亲子鉴定方法。结果显示,试验选取的14个微卫星位点在48个样本中进行排父率分析,在双亲未知、只知单亲和双亲已知的情况下计算的累积排父率分别为0.978 5,0.998 4,0.999 99;利用建立的亲子鉴定体系对样本中8个家系进行检测,结果累积排父率均大于99.99%。结果表明,试验构建的微卫星标记体系,为亲本信息不明的个体进行亲子关系的验证,纠正潜在的错误系谱,建立完整、准确的系谱体系,保证育种值估计的准确性,保障猪育种工作的正常开展具有非常重要的意义。 相似文献
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为了保证人工繁育的南白犀(Ceratotherium simum simum)种群能够健康长远发展,需要有详细准确的谱系记录,但是往往会存在子代亲生父亲不详的情况。通过亲子鉴定可以帮助确定子代亲生父本,从而获得准确的谱系记录。本研究在110只人工半散放南白犀群体中使用13个微卫星标记,对13个微卫星标记的多态性进行分析,计算非父排除概率和累积非父排除概率,结果显示:双亲已知时,13个位点的累积非父排除概率可达0.99以上,三联体父权分配时置信度可达到严格置信,选用的微卫星标记组合可用于南白犀子代生物学父亲的确认。亲子关系的确定可以在一定程度上避免近亲交配,保证群体内遗传基因的多样性。 相似文献
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试验旨在建立一套适用于德州驴亲子关系的鉴定体系。选取13个微卫星基因座作为标记,采集了53头德州驴血液样本,其中子代驴驹16头,候选父本13头,候选母本24头,用酚-仿法抽提血液基因组进行PCR扩增和基因扫描,并利用Peak Scanner Software v1.0软件读取基因型分型结果。对微卫星基因座的遗传多样性进行分析,利用似然法(Cervus 3.0软件)和排除法对个体间的亲子关系进行了鉴定。结果显示,13个微卫星基因座的平均等位基因数、平均观测杂合度(Ho)、平均期望杂合度(He)和平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为6.846、0.689、0.671和0.625。期望杂合度与观测杂合度之差在0.002~0.088之间,差值较小。13个微卫星基因座的累计排除概率(EP)达到0.990以上。微卫星基因座具有高度多态性和较高的排除概率,适用于遗传分析和个体鉴定。利用Cervus 3.0软件基于似然法分析得到了16头子代驴驹的最似亲本,结合排除法对这16头驴驹及其最似亲本进行基因型比对,最终在53头德州驴中确定了11个亲子对。本试验建立了以13个微卫星位点作为核心标记,将似然法和排除法相结合作为主要分析方法的德州驴亲子关系鉴定体系,为育种工作提供参考资料。 相似文献
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主要探讨微卫星DNA标记在蓝狐(Alopex lagopus)单亲亲权鉴定中的可行性,为蓝狐育种的系谱精确鉴定提供依据。选择15个多态信息含量较高的微卫星DNA位点,以6窝蓝狐(母本6只,子代61只)为试验材料,计算15个基因座位的等位基因频率、杂合度(H)、多态信息含量(PIC)、非父排除概率(EP)、累积非亲排除概率(CCE)、亲权指数(PI)和亲权相对机会(RCP)。结果表明:15个微卫星位点的累积非亲排除概率值(CCE)为0.999996。单亲鉴定的PI值为850.5213~966160,RCP为99.8826%~99.9999%。说明所选的15个微卫星位点可用于蓝狐单亲亲权鉴定,其判定成功率和准确率较高,结果可靠。 相似文献
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The present study was to construct a parentage testing system for Thoroughbred (TB) horse. A total number of 1,285 TB horse samples including 962 foals for parentage testing, 9 sires and 314 dams for individual identification were genotyped. Genomic DNA was extracted from 5 hair roots and genotyped by using 14 microsatellite markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, LEX3 and VHL20). This method consisted of multiplexing PCR procedure and showed reasonable amplification of all PCR products. Genotypes were determined by genetic analyzer. The number of alleles per locus varied from 3 to 9 with a mean value of 6.36 in TB horse. The expected heterozygosity was ranged from 0.548 to 0.831 (mean 0.699), and the total exclusion probability of 14 microstellite loci was 0.9998. Of the 14 markers, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, HMS7 and HTG10 loci have relatively high PIC value (> 0.7). Of the 962 foals, 960 foals were qualified by compatibility according to the Mendelism. These results suggest that the DNA typing method has high potential for parentage verification and individual identification of TB horses. 相似文献
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C.J. Zhao Y.H. Qin X.H. Lee & Ch. Wu 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2006,123(6):403-405
An alleged male foal of a female mule, whose sire and grandparents were unknown, was identified for its pedigree. Parentage testing was conducted by comparing polymorphism of 12 microsatellite DNA sites and mitochondrial D‐loop sequences of the male foal and the female mule. Both the sequence analysis of species‐specific DNA fragments and a cytogenetic analysis were performed to identify the species of the foal and its parents. The results showed that the alleged female mule is actually a hinny, and the male foal, which possesses 62 chromosomes, qualifies as an offspring of the female hinny and a jack donkey. 相似文献
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Bin JIA Ren‐Yan LI Zong‐Sheng ZHAO Gen‐Qiang YAN Ji‐Feng XI Hugh T. BLAIR Da‐Quan LI Jian‐Xin ZHANG Xi‐Tang ZHAO 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(4):517-522
Polymorphisms for seven microsatellite loci in three red deer subspecies (9 populations) found in XinJiang were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 12% nondenaturation polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the Sanguinetti silver staining method. Numbers of alleles, average effective numbers of alleles (E) and the average rate of homozygosity, allelic frequencies of seven microsatellite loci, polymorphism information content (PIC), mean heterozygosity (H) and genetic distances among the populations were calculated for each population. Dendrograms were constructed based on genetic distances by the neighbor‐joining method (NJ), utilizing molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software PHYLIP (3.6). The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on allelic frequencies using maximum likelihood (ML); the bootstrap value was estimated by bootstrap test in the tree. Lastly, phylogenesis was analyzed. The results showed that four of the seven microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, but BMS2508 and Celjp0023 showed no polymorphism and BM5004 was a neutral polymorphism. It is our conclusion that the four microsatellite loci are effective DNA markers for the analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among the three red deer subspecies. The mean PIC, H and E‐values across the microsatellite loci were 0.5393, 0.5736 and 2.64, which showed that these microsatellite loci are effective DNA markers for the genetic analysis of red deer. C.e. songaricus populations from Regiment 104, 151 and Hami are clustered together. C.e. yarkandensis populations from Regiment 35, Xaya and Alaer are clustered together. These two clusters also cluster together. Lastly, C.e. sibiricus populations from Burqin, Regiment 188 and the first two clusters were clustered together. The phylogenetic relationship among different red deer populations is consistent with the known origin, history of breeding and geographic distributions of populations. 相似文献
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W. Dang S. Shang X. Zhang Y. Yu D. M. Irwin Z. Wang S. Zhang 《Equine veterinary journal》2020,52(2):290-297