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综述C肉毒杀鼠素草原灭鼠应用技术,充分肯定了C肉毒杀鼠素毒力强、适口性好、对非靶动物毒性低、作用缓慢、无二次中毒、易降解和适合规模灭鼠的特点,为鼠害防治提供了新的思路. 相似文献
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C肉毒杀鼠素在高寒草甸地区灭鼠技术的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述C肉毒杀鼠素草原灭鼠应用技术,充分肯定了C肉毒杀鼠素毒力强、适口性好、对非靶动物毒性低、作用缓慢、无二次中毒、易降解和适合规模灭鼠的特点,为鼠害防治提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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肃南县高原鼢鼠灭治试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用不同投药方式、不同浓度的C型肉毒杀鼠素、D型肉毒灭鼠剂和鼢灵杀鼠剂进行灭治高原鼢鼠的试验,结果表明:投饵方式不同,大面积灭鼠灭效差异较大;0.05%浓度组的C型肉毒杀鼠素平均灭效为89.5%,D型肉毒灭鼠剂平均灭效为86.2%;0.10%浓度组的C型肉毒杀鼠素平均灭效为85.0%,D型肉毒灭鼠剂平均灭效为89.4%;0.15%浓度组的C型肉毒杀鼠素平均灭效为90.3%,D型肉毒灭鼠剂平均灭效为94.7%;鼢灵的平均灭效为97.5%。从对环境的影响以及对人畜的安全性等方面考虑,认为采用生物灭鼠剂进行草原灭治高原鼢鼠效果更理想。 相似文献
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乃智尖措 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1992,(4)
C·肉毒杀鼠素是用C型肉毒梭菌的外毒素制成的高效、安全的杀鼠生物药品,近年来广泛用于草原灭鼠中。在使用过程中,若使用管理不当,投毒过量或投毒后未采取禁牧措施,可造成家畜误食而中毒。本文报道的是1992年1月在达日县特合上乡灭鼠点发生的一起家畜C·肉毒杀鼠素中毒。 (一)发病概况:该地区在1月17日完成灭鼠后,家畜到投毒区草地放牧,1月24日晚本站接到急诊报告,当即连夜赶往现场诊治。中毒家畜127头(只、匹),已死亡牲畜105头(只、匹),其中绵羊78只,马 相似文献
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将C·肉毒杀鼠素铒粒在不同存放条件下进行高原鼠兔灭治试验,结果表明,配制后的C·肉毒杀鼠素饵粒在-16℃冷库内放置47 d的0.1%和0.2%两种浓度的饵粒防效分别为94.67%和95.63%;配制后的C·肉毒杀鼠素饵粒在1~9℃仓库内放置13 d的0.1%与0.2%两种浓度的饵粒防效分别为89.10%和90.88%.在0.05水平上,A、B处理间无显著差异,C、D处理间也无显著差异.但A、B与C、D处理间存在显著差异,表明在1~9℃仓库内放置13 d的C·肉毒杀鼠素饵粒其毒力可能有所下降. 相似文献
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将C·肉毒杀鼠素铒粒在不同存放条件下进行高原鼠兔灭治试验,结果表明,配制后的C·肉毒杀鼠素饵粒在-16℃冷库内放置47d的Q1%和n2%两种浓度的饵粒防效分别为94.67%和95.63%;配制后的C·肉毒杀鼠素饵粒在1-9℃仓库内放置13d的0.1%与0.2%两种浓度的饵粒防效分别为89.10%和90.88%。在0.05水平上,A、B处理间无显著差异,C、D处理间也无显著差异,但A、B与C、D处理间存在显著差异,表明在1-9℃仓库内放置13d的C·肉毒杀鼠素饵粒其毒力可能有所下降。 相似文献
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应用C型肉毒杀鼠素大面积灭鼠初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
位于内蒙古自治区西南部的伊克昭盟属典型的干旱草原区,境内干旱风沙多,植被稀疏,草原鼠害频发,以长爪沙鼠为主的地上害鼠每年的成灾面积达66.7hm^2左右,从1996年-1998年在伊克昭盟草原上开展了C型肉毒杀鼠素大面积灭鼠试验,本文中,就这一试验做统计分析后表明,该杀鼠剂灭鼠效果显著,毒饵稳定性适中,属于一种高效低毒无残留生物灭鼠制剂,同时作用时间适中无2次中毒现象。 相似文献
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T-2 toxin is known to be one of the most toxic trichothecene mycotoxins. Exposure to T-2 toxin induces many hematologic and immunotoxic disorders and is involved in immuno-modulation of the innate immune response. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of T-2 toxin on the activation of macrophages by different agonists of Toll-like receptors (TLR) using an in vitro model of primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM). Cytotoxic effects of T-2 toxin on PAM were first evaluated. An IC50 of 19.47 ± 0.9753 nM was determined for the cytotoxicity of T-2 toxin. A working concentration of 3 nM of T-2 toxin was chosen to test the effect of T-2 toxin on TLR activation; this dose was not cytotoxic and did not induce apoptosis as demonstrated by Annexin/PI staining. A pre-exposure of macrophages to 3 nM of T-2 toxin decreased the production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, nitric oxide) in response to LPS and FSL1, TLR4 and TLR2/6 agonists respectively. The decrease of the pro-inflammatory response is associated with a decrease of TLR mRNA expression. By contrast, the activation of TLR7 by ssRNA was not modulated by T-2 toxin pre-treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that ingestion of low concentrations of T-2 toxin affects the TLR activation by decreasing pattern recognition of pathogens and thus interferes with initiation of inflammatory immune response against bacteria and viruses. Consequently, mycotoxins could increase the susceptibility of humans and animals to infectious diseases. 相似文献
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Atypical Pasteurella strains producing a toxin similar to the dermonecrotic toxin of Pasteurella multocida subspecies multocida 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper is the first report of the production of a dermonecrotic toxin by pasteurella strains that do not belong to the species Pasteurella multocida subspecies multocida. Four strains, isolated from cattle with atrophic rhinitis, were characterised phenotypically. The strains were related to pasteurellaceae, but their taxonomic position remained unclear. The strains produced a toxin that caused a haemorrhagic dermonecrosis in guinea pigs and was lethal to mice. Both effects were neutralised by an antiserum against the purified dermonecrotic toxin of P multocida subspecies multocida. Western blot analysis of culture filtrates of the bovine strains revealed a protein, with the same molecular weight as dermonecrotic toxin, which reacted with both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against the toxin. In an immunodiffusion test, anti-dermonecrotic toxin serum did not discriminate between the toxin of the bovine strains and the toxin of P multocida subspecies multocida. It is concluded that these atypical pasteurella strains produce a toxin that is closely related to the dermonecrotic toxin of P multocida subspecies multocida. 相似文献
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Fluid accumulation was induced in ligated intestinal loops of both pheasants and chickens injected with crude Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin. Necrosis of the epithelium and lamina propria of the duodenum and jejunum occurred in both species of bird after intraduodenal administration of crude C2 toxin. The severity of such reactions depended upon the dose and the period after administration of C2 toxin up to eight hours, and such reactions were suppressed specifically with rabbit anti-C2 toxin. These results confirm that C2 toxin is one of the causes of diarrhoea in avian botulism. 相似文献
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Epsilon toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type B and D is a potent toxin that is responsible for a highly fatal enterotoxemia in sheep and goats. In vitro, epsilon toxin produces contraction of the rat ileum as the result of an indirect action, presumably mediated through the autonomic nervous system. To examine the impact of epsilon toxin in the intestinal transit, gastric emptying (GE) and gastrointestinal transit (GIT) were evaluated after intravenous and oral administration of epsilon toxin in mice. Orally administered epsilon toxin produced a delay on the GIT. Inhibition of the small intestinal transit was observed as early as 1 h after the toxin was administered orally but the effects were not observed after 1 week. Epsilon toxin also produced an inhibition in GE and a delay on the GIT when relatively high toxin concentrations were given intravenously. These results indicate that epsilon toxin administered orally or intravenously to mice transitorily inhibits the GIT. The delay in the GIT induced by epsilon toxin could be relevant in the pathogenesis of C. perfringens type B and D enterotoxemia. 相似文献
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饲料酵母在畜禽饲养上的运用及作用机理的探讨 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文通过饲料酵母在畜禽上运用的实例,论述了饲料酵母对畜禽的营养作用--较高的粗蛋白及氨基酸含理、丰富的维生素及多种消化酶类,重点探讨了饲料酵母对畜禽的保健作用;酵母可改善动物胃肠道的微生态环境,促进动物体的免疫机能,还可直接与某些肠道病原微生物结合。中和毒素。 相似文献
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Robert B Moeller Birgit Puschner Richard L Walker Tonie Rocke Frank D Galey James S Cullor Alex A Ardans 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2003,15(6):523-526
Because of the difficulty in identifying botulinum toxin in cattle, it is hypothesized that cattle are sensitive to levels of toxin below the detection limits of current diagnostic techniques (the mouse protection bioassay and the immunostick enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] for type C botulinum toxin). Using an up-down method for toxicologic testing, the median toxic dose (MTD50) for cattle was determined. Four lactating Holstein cows were dosed at 0.125 or 0.25 ng/kg with Clostridium botulinum type C toxin and failed to develop clinical signs of botulism during the 7-day observation period. Three cows given 0.50 ng/kg of toxin developed clinical signs of botulism. From these results, the MTD50 was calculated at 0.388 ng/kg (3.88 mouse lethal doses/kg) using the trim-logit method. These results suggest that cattle are 12.88 times more sensitive to type C botulinum toxin than a mouse on a per kilogram weight basis. The mouse protection bioassay and the immunostick ELISA for type C botulinum toxin failed to identify the presence of the toxin in the serum, blood, and milk samples taken from all 7 animals. 相似文献