猪弓形虫病的预防

弓形虫病是一种世界性分布繁殖的人兽共患原虫病,在人畜和野生动物中广泛传播,人和20多种动物都可感染。各种家畜中以猪的感染率较高,在养猪场中可以大批发病,死亡率高达60%以上。且本病临床症状、剖检变化和很多疾病相似,在新疫区往往容易误诊,本文通过对介绍猪弓形虫病的流行病学、感染方式、病理变化、诊断方法、防治     

猪群弓形虫病防控

猪弓形虫病,是以病猪高热和呼吸道及神经症状、死亡和怀孕母猪流产、死胎、胎儿畸形为主要特征的血液原虫病,是由弓形虫感染多种动物和人而引起的一种世界性分布的人兽共患寄生虫病,在家畜和野生动物中     

弓形虫病的流行的新趋势

弓形虫病是由刚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)寄生于人、畜、野生动物、鸟类及一些冷血动物的体内所引起的人畜共患病。该病不但威胁人类健康,亦严重影响畜牧业发展。近年来,随着研究的深入,人们发现,弓形虫病的流行表现出许多新的特点,危害远远超出了人们的估计。这些新特点主要表现在:与动物其他病原混合感染,危害加重;鸡群与其他鸟类感染普遍,是重要传染源;野生动物感染严重,具有自然疫源性;海洋和水生动物感染,水体被污染;经水和肉品传播,引起人类群体感染;隐性感染对人群危害严重。因此,深入开展弓形虫病流行病及防控研究,对提高公共卫生水平具有重要意义。     

犬弓形虫病的诊断与治疗

弓形虫病是由球虫目弓形虫科弓形虫属的刚地弓形虫引起的人和动物共患的寄生在细胞内的一种原虫病。犬感染弓形虫病后町通过受损的皮肤、呼吸道、眼等途径传染。弓形虫作为一种机会性感染因子可引起广泛的临床症状,是引起致死性病变的主要病原体之一。     

猪弓形虫病的预防

弓形虫病是一种世界性分布繁殖的人兽共患原虫病,在人畜和野生动物中广泛传播,人和200多种动物都可感染。各种家畜中以猪的感染率较高,在养猪场中可以大批发病,死亡率高达60％以上。且本病临床症状、剖检变化和很多疾病相似,在新疫区往往容易误诊,本文通过对介绍猪弓形虫病的流行病学、感染方式、病理变化、诊断方法、防治及预防措施。     

仔猪弓形虫病急性感染的诊治

弓形虫病(Toxoplasmosis)是由弓形虫科刚第弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii Nicolle&Manceaux,1908)引起的人、畜禽和野生动物共患的原虫病。根据病原学研究证实感染弓形虫的哺乳动物至少有200种。主要临床表现为高烧、呼吸困难、肺炎、淋巴结炎、死胎、流产、失明及神经症状。现就临床上遇到的一起仔猪急性感染弓形虫病诊治过程报道如下。     

猪群弓形虫病防控

猪弓形虫病,是以病猪高热和呼吸道及神经症状、死亡和怀孕母猪流产、死胎、胎儿畸形为主要特征的血液原虫病,是由弓形虫感染多种动物和人而引起的一种世界性分布的人兽共患寄生虫病,在家畜和野生动物中广泛存在。猪群暴发弓形虫病,病死率可高达60％以上,是当前猪场必须严加防控的重大传染病。     

人和动物弓形虫病血清学调查

人和动物弓形虫病血清学调查王桂华，秦琦，石保新，希纳，党新生（新疆巴州畜科所）弓形虫病又叫弓浆虫病是人、畜及野生动物共患原虫病，为查清动物弓形虫病感染情况，我们于１９８９～１９９３年对新疆巴州境内的９个县（市）１０８个乡（场）的人与７种动物作了弓形虫...     

猪场如何有效控制猪弓形虫病

<正>1病原弓形虫病是由刚第弓形虫引起的一种原虫性疾病,猫及猫科动物是唯一可从粪便排出弓形虫卵囊的动物,猫在弓形虫病传播给猪及其他动物中起着重要作用,弓形虫在宿主体内因寄生的不同发育阶段所表现出来的形态各异。在其整个发育过程中分为5种类型,即滋养体、包囊、裂     

弓形虫病的感染特点及其防治措施

<正>弓形虫病是由弓形虫科弓形虫属的弓形虫寄生于人和动物引起的疾病。目前,已知中间宿主有45种哺乳动物,70余种鸟类和5种爬行动物,终末宿主为猫和猫科动物。现已查明刚地弓形虫可以感染200余种脊椎动物,各种家畜包括猪、绵羊、山羊、牛、马、犬、猫等和实验动动物和小鼠、天竺鼠、家兔等,以及人类都能感染弓形虫病,弓形虫病已被列为重要的人兽互传寄生虫病。1感染特点1.1病原     

A review of toxoplasmosis in cattle

Worldwide reports of natural and experimentally-induced Toxoplasma gondii infections in cattle are reviewed and tabulated. Serologic tests employed in most studies in the past are of suboptimal sensitivity for the diagnosis of T. gondii infection in cattle; therefore data need to be interpreted with caution. From the evidence available it is concluded that: T. gondii is probably not important in causing abortion or clinical illness in cattle but further experimental studies are desirable; T. gondii is eliminated quickly from bovine tissues; Whether beef plays a part in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis is unresolved; Milk from T. gondii-infected cows is of negligible importance in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis.     

我国肿瘤患者弓形虫感染情况研究进展

弓形虫是一种重要的机会性寄生原虫,可感染人、哺乳动物及鸟类,引起人兽共患弓形虫病。目前,弓形虫感染已经成为一种严重的、全球性的公共卫生安全问题,引起了医学界的广泛关注。肿瘤患者的机体存在免疫功能障碍,对其进行放疗或化疗的过程中,则会进一步的降低肿瘤患者的免疫功能,临床上因抗肿瘤治疗而引起的弓形虫为典型代表的难治愈性寄生虫病的重症化已经愈发明显。肿瘤患者合并弓形虫感染的相关研究逐渐成为弓形虫病研究热点。论文对我国肿瘤患者弓形虫的流行情况﹑基因分型﹑传播途径及防治措施做一概述,旨在为有效防控肿瘤患者弓形虫共感染提供参考。     

Feline ocular toxoplasmosis

Ocular infection with Toxoplasma gondii is a well-recognized and important clinical entity in many animal species. In the cat, ocular toxoplasmosis is commonly associated with systemic infection, yet its role in causing anterior uveitis in an otherwise healthy cat is unclear. The purpose of this article is to review the salient epidemiological, clinical, and histopathologic features of systemic and ocular toxoplasmosis in the cat. Additionally, pathogenesis and possible immunopathogenic mechanisms of ocular toxoplasmosis, which may account for the higher prevalence of anterior uveitis in cats seropositive for T. gondii , are discussed. Finally, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of feline toxoplasmosis are reviewed.     

Granulomatous meningoencephalitis due to toxoplasma gondii in a black-headed night monkey (Aotus nigriceps)

This report describes toxoplasmosis infection in a black-headed night monkey (Aotus nigriceps) from the Zoological Park of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The animal was submitted alive to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso presenting neurologic clinical signs. There were no improvements on the animal's clinical condition after treatment, so it was euthanized. At necropsy, the most significant gross lesions observed were hemorrhages diffusely scattered throughout the cerebral hemispheres. Histologic findings were characterized by nonsuppurative encephalitis and mild multifocal necrotizing nonsuppurative myocarditis. Groups of tachyzoites and cysts were observed surrounding the inflamed areas of cerebral parenchyma. Sections of the brain were submitted for immunohistochemistry examination for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum and also for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the presence of Toxoplasma gondii. The samples were positive for Toxoplasma gondii by PCR; however, cross reactivity was observed between Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies. These findings were consistent with a toxoplasmosis infection in this animal.     

Seroprevalence and Toxoplasma gondii-IgG avidity in sheep from Lajes, Brazil

Sheep are important domestic animals in the Northeast region of Brazil due to their minimal rearing and maintenance costs, and to their production of both meat and milk. In animals, Toxoplasma gondii infection results in significant reproductive and economic losses. The epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in sheep in the Northeast of Brazil has been little studied; particularly in Rio Grande do Norte State. Sera from 102 sheep intended for consumption in Lajes were subjected to the Toxoplasma-ELISA test to detect anti-T. gondii specific IgG confirming a past infection. Of the total tested, 30 (29.41%) sera were positive for IgG with an increasing number of positive animals with advancing age. We used IgG avidity ELISA in 30 positive samples and observed that 6 (20%) had low avidity antibodies and 24 (80%) had high avidity antibodies. Epidemiological studies are required in order to identify sources of infection for these hosts as well as their impact on animal breeding in the region and risk of transmission to humans.     

A review of toxoplasmosis of animals in the U.S.S.R

Information on the serologic and parasitologic prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic and wild animals of the U.S.S.R. is reviewed. Although complement-fixing antibodies to T. gondii were widely prevalent in animals, little information is available on the presence of viable T. gondii in tissues of animals. Reports of epizootics in which T. gondii was suspected to be the causative agent of toxoplasmosis are summarized. Also, the strict economic impact of toxoplasmosis on agriculture in the U.S.S.R. needs evaluation.     

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies in juvenile great grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus giganteus.

Serial IgG antibody titers to Toxoplasma gondii from three juvenile great grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus giganteus) with clinical signs consistent with toxoplasmosis were compared with titers from three clinically normal juveniles of similar age. The modified agglutination test was used to measure antibodies to T. gondii. Results demonstrated declining antibody titers to T. gondii in five of six animals. Antibody titers were similar in animals with and without clinical signs. This was interpreted as an indication that maternal IgG antibodies to T. gondii were transferred to juveniles, presumably in milk, rather than an indication of clinical disease. Therefore, clinicians should interpret Toxoplasma serology results in juvenile macropods cautiously.     

Prevalence and relevance of avian Toxoplasma gondii infections in Europe

Toxoplasma (T.) gondii is a parasitic protozoon whose life cycle includes a definite and an intermediate host. Besides a wide range of mammals also birds are suitable intermediate hosts. There are a high number of case reports, prevalence data and experimental studies regarding avian toxoplasmosis. In many domestic, wild and zoo bird species which are relevant in Europe the susceptibility for T. gondii infection could be demonstrated though susceptibility for clinical disease often seems to be low, especially in gallinaceous birds. Comprehensive Europe-wide studies concerning the occurrence of avian toxoplasmosis have not been conducted so far. The general infestation ratio of birds on European free-range poultry farms seems to be relatively high. The European wild bird population represents a significant reservoir for the pathogen. When evaluating the seroprevalence it has to be considered that sensitivity and specificity of the detection methods for T. gondii specific antigens which are used frequently in mammals often are not satisfying in birds.     

Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in captive marine mammals in Mexico

Toxoplasma gondii infection in marine mammals is important because they are considered as a sentinel for contamination of seas with T. gondii oocysts, and toxoplasmosis causes mortality in these animals, particularly sea otters. Serological evidence of T. gondii infection was determined in 75 captive marine mammals from four facilities in southern and central geographical regions in Mexico using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies (MAT, 1:25 or higher) to T. gondii were found in 55 (87.3%) of 63 Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus truncatus), 3 of 3 Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus gillii), 2 of 4 California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), but not in 3 West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus), and 2 Patagonian sea lions (Otaria flavescens). Seropositive marine mammals were found in all 4 (100%) facilities sampled. All marine mammals were healthy and there has not been any case of clinical toxoplasmosis in the facilities sampled for at least the last 15 years. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in marine mammals of the same species did not vary significantly with respect to sex and age. This is the first report on the detection of antibodies to T. gondii in marine mammals in Mexico.     

A review of toxoplasmosis in wild birds

Toxoplasma gondii affects most species of warm-blooded animals, including birds. There is considerable confusion regarding the identity of T. gondii-like parasites and the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in wild birds. In this review, T. gondii-like infections in different species of wild birds are reviewed with particular reference to prevalences, clinical signs, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. Although subclinical T. gondii infections are prevalent in many avian species, toxoplasmosis can be clinically severe in pigeons and canaries. Blindness associated with T. gondii in canaries is reviewed in detail.