Discussion about the Comprehensive Harnessing the Water Environment for Yulin River Valley

With the comprehensive harnessing the Yulin River in Chongqing, the harnessing model of the secondary rivers in Three Gorges Reservoir Area is discussed. It is believed that as for the comprehensive harnessing the water environment, the valley should be considered as a unit based on the whole ecosystem in the valley and the comprehensive consideration of the factors, influencing the ecology, resources, economy is needed in planning, protecting, improving and utilizing the water environment, in order to realize the sustainable development of the water environment in the valley. Moreover, the object, principles, measures of comprehensive harnessing the water environment in the valley were given.     

Present Situation and Countermeasure of Water Pollution in Yulin River, Yubei District, Chongqing

Yulin River is the major secondary stream of Three Gorges Reservoir Area. According to the requirement of "The Prevention Plan of Water Pollution in Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the Upper Areas (2001-2010)", the water environment pollution in Yulin River valley should be controlled. In this paper the reason of the water pollution is analyzed through investigation and evaluation on the present situation of Yulin River in North Chongqing area, and then a proposal on the prevention and cure measure of water pollution of Yulin River is presented.     

Geological Disasters and Their Damage in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

In this paper, the possible geological disasters in Three Gorges Reservoir Area are reviewed. Firstly, the types of geological disasters are classified and their influencing factors and growth characteristics are analyzed, then the damages, which have happened in this area up to now, are listed. On this basis, five aspects of dangers brought by geological disasters to society and economic environment are analyzed. Finally, a conclusion was drawn that the geological disasters in Three Gorges Reservoir Area have done some harms to this area and the situation becomes worse than before. So some reasonable measures should be taken quickly.     

Analysis on Influence of Gases Generated by Anaerobic Fermentation of Solid Organic Wastes to Atmosphere in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

The gases generated by anaerobic fermentation of organic solid wastes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area are CH_4,CO_2,H_2S,NH_3,H_2 and some micro-gases.Data analysis shows that in the cities and towns of Three Gorges Reservoir Area,4 380 thousand tones of garbage,3 800 thousand tones of faecal were generated each year.In landfill of the garbage in average of 290 millions kg of CH_4 was generated,also in average of 230 millions kg of CH_4 was generated from the faecal.CH_4 is a very important greenhouse gas;the proportion of its contribution to greenhouse effect is next to CO_2.Other gases only have small influence on the whole atmospheric environment.     

Research on Development of Lateral Aviation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River

There is a promising future for lateral aviation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River because of the abundant natural and cultural tourism resources.The advantage of the lateral aviation is its low investment,convenience,speed,and wide service area.It is an important factor for the future development of tourism in cities in this area.This paper analyzes the realities and problems facing lateral aviation in this area and suggests some countermeasures and planning suggestions for lateral aviation development.     

Discussion on Water Environment Problems and WaterEnvironment Protection Countermeasure in Three Gorges Area

The present status of water environment in three gorges area of Yangtze River is analyzed in this paper.The importance to enhance water environment protection and ecology environment protection in Three Gorges area of Yangtze River is also discussed in this paper. Some suggestions about water environment protection and ecology environment protection in Three Gorges of Yangtze River are also provided . Finally, the environment constructional targets to let clear water mirror on Three Gorges area of Yangtze River again are put forward.     

Nonlinear Science and Control about the Geological Hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Such the geological hazards as landslide, rockfall, debris-flow and so on frequently occur in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, so it is a very practical and immediate job to explore the mechanism caused the geological hazards and how to forecast and control the geological hazards. For this reason, this paper introduces the situation of the geological hazards occurred in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the major type and feature of the geological hazards occurred in Chongqing, and discusses the basic principle about the modern nonlinear science applied to the geological hazards and the creep-slip, stick-slip occurred on the joints of rock mass and the monitoring technology of the geological hazards.The basic thinking is put forward which can be applied the modern nonlinear science to the geological hazards occurred in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.     

三峡库区(重庆段)植被覆盖变化分析及评价

摘要：为分析三峡库区（重庆段）植被及植被变化，利用2000—2015年MODIS 3级归一化植被指数16日合成产品MOD13A1，分析了长江沿线重庆段22区县植被指数的时空分布特征及变化趋势，结果表明：（1）在三峡库区蓄水后，长江沿线的植被表现为向好趋势，植被生长环境也有所改善，长江沿线东部地区，植被好转尤为明显。（2）距河道越远的区域，植被覆盖和植被环境越好。从行政区划角度看，东部区域植被生态环境最好，其次是中部区域、西部区域，主城区植被及生态环境较其余3个区域略显不足。植被好的区县（地区），平均高度值偏大。（3）三峡大坝完成175 m蓄水后较蓄水前（2000—2003年阶段），三峡库区175m蓄水后，远离河道区域，植被指数在春、秋、冬季节呈现增加趋势，夏季被指数呈减小趋势；近河道区域，植被指数在春季降低、秋季增加，夏、冬季有增有减。由于夏季全河道处于雨季，降雨偏多，河道会长期处于洪峰或高水位过程，河道被淹没的区域扩大;加之三峡蓄水后，夏秋季节河道上空薄云、碎云等云雾增加，即使夏半年三峡库区处于放水阶段，夏秋季节植被指数仍略有减小的趋势。冬半年河道基本不会出现高水位，河道内裸露土增加, 适于植被生长. 冬半年虽然处于蓄水阶段，但植被指数仍有增加趋势。     

Evolution and Development Characteristics of Streets in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

City street construction in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area has a specific character. Some streets have characteristics adapted to changing water levels in the reservoir and to topography. In this paper, we analyze the development course and building char     

Analysis on the Disposal of the Industrial Solid Waste in the Three Gorges Region

The second step of water storage for Three Gorges Reservoir will be executed in Jue,2003. Because there is still a large quantity of industrial solid waste(ISW) dumped on the reservoir bottom where should be cleaned before water storage and wastes should be disposed. After a full investigation and analyze, the total amount of ISW in the Chongqing reservoir area is about 1.66 million tons. According the principles of safe, economical and reliable, this paper describes the ISW's treatment. The ordinary ISW which is harmless and non toxic after identification should be treated on-site, the ISW that exceeds the national standards should be removed and be disposed in the landfill, and the hazardous waste should be removed for disposition or storage.     

Harmonious Town Development in Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area

The relations between construction of Three Gorges Project and development of Wujiang River Basin are illustrated from three aspects. The importance of harmonious township development in Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area is discussed and the strategies for harmonious development are proposed. Firstly, to promote the hydroelectric power development of the stream and accelerate the urbanization of Wujiang River Basin; next, establish rational urban system structure to realize the regional harmonious development within Three Gorges Area. Detailed proposition is given in this paper to establish the spatial relations between Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area and further suggestion is put forward to perform research on urbanization and urban systems in these areas.     

Applicationg of Ultraviolet Spectrophometry to Determination of Total Nitrogen in the Three Gorges Reservior

The eutrophication of water body will destroy the balance of ecological environment.To determine the total nitrogen content in water body exactly,is one of the most important evaluating indicators that whether the water body has been polluted by eutrophication or not.After the foundation of the Three Gorges Reservoir,current velocity lowers and it may result in the eutrophication of water body.In terms of the Lambert-Beer Law,the authors adopt potassium sulpersulphate oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometry to determine the total nitrogen content in the Three Gorges Reservoir.By analyzing a variety of possible factors,they bring forward a method to determine the total nitrogen which can be used in lab and also have high performance.With this improved method,the authors determine the factual water samples of the Three Gorges Reservoir in the main urban area of Chongqing,and the result is that the total nitrogen content is(0.6~1.0) mg/L,less than the limiting value(2.0 mg/L) in national standard.So the water body of the Three Gorges Reservoir still eutrophication does not take place.So eutrophication does not take place in water body of the Three(Gorges) Reservior.     

芜湖市化肥减量增效与农田氮磷流失控制技术研究

芜湖市位于长江经济带,农业面源污染控制对于长江生态大保护至关重要.本研究分析了芜湖市2017年化肥使用量,核算了种植业农田氮磷流失量,并剖析了芜湖市化肥使用现状.结果 表明,存在传统的施肥方法和施肥结构不合理、化肥施用类型单一施用量偏大、高效施肥技术普及率低等问题.研究提出并分析芜湖市适用的水稻机械化插秧同步侧深施肥技...     

A Review on Medical Waste Management and Treatment in Chongqing Three Gorges Region

Medical waste ,belonging to one of top-ronking toxic wastes, should be safely deposed of. The characteristics and harmness of the medical wastes are introduced, and the practical status of medical wastes in Chongqing three gorges region, including waste management and disposal methods, is investigated. Because of the special characteristics of the waste, the paper proposes some measures for managing and separate collection and treatment in the region, including separate collection, sealed transportation, pretreatment, incineration and safe landfill, so that the ecological environment and water resource can be protected from pollution in the Three Gorges region.     

Analytical and Calculative Method of Stability of MingShan Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

After the dam of the Three Gorges is built, the raising water will inevitably cause the revival of the part of ancient landslide and the generation of new landslide ,which will influence the town development and traffic safety in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In the light of the specific conditions of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, this paper, taking Fengdu's MingShan landslide in Chongqing for an example, has considered ten typical calculative projects, offered the correspondent load systems acting on the sliding mass and put forward the analytical and calculative method to evaluate the stability of a landslide. The ten typical calculative projects include dry season(natural state), raining season (rainstorm or rain for a long period of time), dry season and water level (175m ) of the reservoir, raining season and water level (175 m) of the reservoir, dry season and earthquake, raining season and earthquake, dry season and water level (175 m ) of the reservoir and earthquake, raining season and water level (175 m) of the reservoir and earthquake, dry season and water level lowered from 175 m to 145 m, raining seasons and water level lowered from 175 m to 145 m, and so on.     

Protection and Ecological Restoration of Water Level Fluctuation Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir

Water level fluctuation zone(hereinafter referred to as "WLFZ") is a transitional ecosystem between terrestrial ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem,and also a key area to control its neighboring terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. After the Three Gorges Reservoir was put into use,ecological environment of its WLFZ has aroused wide concern from domestic and foreign experts. On the basis of introducing characteristics of WLFZ of the Three Gorges Reservoir,current ecological environment and main problems of this area were analyzed,plant selection and configuration was elaborated as well as the implementation effect of many WLFZ protection and ecological restoration modes. In view of the actual conditions,pertinent suggestions were proposed for WLFZ of the Three Gorges Reservoir,namely classified protection and ecological restoration,enhancing monitoring and assessment of current situation and change tendency,carrying out technical researches and demonstration of WLFZ wetland ecological restoration.     

Typology-based Vitality Promotion of Urban Waterfront Public Space in the Three Gorges Reservoir

Revitalization of waterfront-a precious resource of city has gradually become popular worldwide. Cities around the Three Gorges Reservoir grow and proper for the Yangtze River,thus waterfront in these cities has been long ignored or faced with "constructive destruction" with the city development. This paper divided urban waterfront public spaces around the Three Gorges into 3 kinds of spaces,namely point,line and surface,from the perspective of typology,and put forward strategies such as functional renovation,and improvement of spatial scale from the perspectives of land use and traffic,to enhance the vitality of waterfront public space.     

The water quality comprehensive evaluation and cluster analysis on drinking source water in Chongqing

Recent researches on the Yangtze River and the Jialing River water in Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir indicate that the pH value is relatively high and the CODMnconcentration is more than 4.5 mg/L in most of the time. Especially the proportion of dissolved molecule organic is high, as well as the high turbidity during the summer flood period. And the organic contamination is relatively serious. The fuzzy weighted water quality coefficient and hierarchical cluster analysis methods are applied to evaluate and sort the characteristic qualities of two-river water sources. During the research period, the results show that the Yangtze River water source quality is characterized by high turbidity and polluted of summer stage, middle temperature and micro-polluted of spring-autumn stage and low temperature and micro-polluted of winter stage. The Jialing River water source quality is characterized by low turbidity stage, high alga-polluted of early spring stage and high temperature and polluted of winter stage. Due to the various water qualities of two-river water sources at different periods, it is hard to meet the requirement of Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749-2006) by using traditional water treatment technologies. So the research on enhanced treatment is necessary.     

岷江上游生态农业建设与可持续发展研究

岷江上游地区属典型的高山峡谷区,气候干旱,土壤瘠薄,农业环境恶化,经济基础薄弱,农业增产和农民增收的幅度较小。由于特殊的地质构造、特定的自然地理环境及社会经济条件,岷江上游地区农业发展适宜走生态农业的道路,实施合理的资源利用和生态环境保护建设,使农、林、牧业良性循环,综合协调发展,实现生态、经济、社会效益的统一。     

Water Pollution and Counter-Measures in the Three Gorges Dam Area

Water pollution in the Three Gorges Dam Area has resulted mainly from the haphazard drainage of industrial waste water and domestic sewage and free toss of rubbish along the Yangtze River. When the dam begins to store water in march, 2003, the environment in the dam area have to face a greater threat. Through the analyses of the reality, characteristics, causes, etc, and analysis of the water pollution in the dam area, there is enough reason to firmly believe that to control and wipe out water pollution here the first thing to be done is ban the haphazard drainage of waste water and the free toss of rubbish and make an effective combination of preservation, disposal and control of waste material. In addition, people's conseiousness of environmental protection should be promoted.