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基于GIS的滩涂围垦管理信息系统——以江苏沿海为例 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对基于GIS技术设计的滩涂围垦管理系统的功能模块、体系结构、数据库设计等方面进行了分析与研究,利用GIS具有的高效空间数据管理和灵活的空间数据综合分析能力的特点,进行江苏沿海滩涂围垦管理信息系统的开发和利用。 相似文献
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江苏沿海滩涂盐碱地拥有亚洲最大的海岸滩涂湿地,具有调节气候、减缓风暴潮灾害和净化环境等功能。耐盐植物在盐渍土的开发利用、维持生态平衡方面一直起着重要作用,其生态环境价值不可低估。分析了江苏沿海滩涂耐盐植物研究方向,主要包括:耐盐植物种质创新与新品种选育、耐盐植物良种快繁技术研发与专业化生产、耐盐植物困难立地栽培关键技术的研发与集成、海岸带复合农林系统经营技术、江苏滨海盐土特性及改良利用技术研究、耐盐植物加工产品的研发与开发应用等。 相似文献
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杨竞寸 《农业环境科学学报》1996,(2)
本文就大丰县沿海滩涂资源开发利用生态工程构造的主要模式及其建设这些生态工程的主要做法作初步总结,实践表明,生态工程建设必须坚持以生物工程为主的原则才能奏效。 相似文献
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The Effects of Farmyard Manure and Mulch on Soil Physical Properties in a Reclaimed Coastal Tidal Flat Salt-Affected Soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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ZHANG Jian-bing ;YANG Jing-song ;YAO Rong-jiang ;YU Shi-peng ;LI Fu-rong ;HOU Xiao-jing 《农业科学学报》2014,13(8):1782-1790
Careful soil management is important for the soil quality and productivity improvement of the reclaimed coastal tidal flat saline land in northern Jiangsu Province, China. Farmyard manure( FYM) and mulch applications, which affect soil characteristics and plant significantly, are regard as an effective pattern of saline land improvement. As a conventional management in the study region, FYM and mulch are used for the amendment of the new reclaimed tidal flat regularly, but little is known about their effects on soil physical properties functioning. A study was conducted on a typical coastal tidal flat saline land, which was reclaimed in 2005, to evaluate the effects of FYM, polyethylene film mulch(PM), straw mulch(SM), FYM combined with PM(FYM+PM), FYM combined with SM(FYM+SM), on soil hydraulic properties and soil mechanical impedance. CK represented conventional cultivation in study area without FYM and mulch application and served as a control. The experiment, laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications, was studied in Huanghaiyuan Farm, which specialized in the agricultural utilization for coastal tidal flat. Result showed that capillary water holding capacity(CHC), saturated water content(SWC), saturated hydraulic conductivity( Ks) and bulk density(BD), cone index(CI) were affected significantly by the FYM and mulch application, especially in the 0-10 cm soil layer. FYM and mulch management increased CHC, SWC and Ks over all soil depth in the order of FYM+SM〉FYM+PM〉FYM〉SM〉PM〉CK. With the contrary sequence, BD and CI decreased significantly; however, FYM and mulch application affected BD and CI only in the upper soil layers. CHC, SWC and Ks decreased significantly with the increasing of soil depth, BD and CI, and a significant liner equation was found between CHC, SWC, Ks and BD, CI. With the highest CHC(38.15%), SWC(39.55%), Ks(6.00 mm h-1) and the lowest BD(1.26 g cm-3) and CI(2.71 MPa), the combined man 相似文献
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Simulation and Prediction of Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Jiangsu Province Based on Model and GIS Techniques 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Based on the databases of soils, meteorology, crop production, and agricultural management, changes in the soil organic carbon (SOC) of agro-ecosystems in Jiangsu Province were simulated by using a soil organic carbon model with a linkage of GIS. Four data sets of soil organic carbon measured from various field experiments in Jiangsu Province were used to validate the model. It was demonstrated that the model simulation in general agreed with the field measurements. Model simulation indicated that the SOC content in approximately 77% of the agricultural soils in Jiangsu Province has increased since the Second National Soil Survey completed in the early 1980s. Compared with the values in 1985, the SOC content in 2000 was estimated to increase by 1.0-3.0 g kg-1 for the north and the coastal areas of the province, and by 3.5-5.0 g kg-1 for the region of Tai Lake in the south. A slight decrease (about 0.5-1.5 g kg-1 ) was estimated for the central region of Jiangsu Province and the Nanjing-Zhenjiang hilly area. Model prediction for 2010 A.D. under two scena-rios, i.e., with 30 and 50% of the harvested crop straw incorporation, suggested that the SOC in Jiangsu Province would increase, and thus that the agricultural soils would have potential as organic carbon storage. The incorporation of crop straw into soils is of great benefit to increase soil carbon storage, consequently to benefit the control of the rise of atmospheric CO2 concentration and to maintain the sustainable development of agriculture. 相似文献
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发展生物质能源对缓解中国的矿质能源压力、减轻能源污染具有重要意义。在分析了发展生物质能源的迫切性的基础上,介绍了利用中国丰富的沿海滩涂土地资源和植物资源开发能源植物的潜力。同时,从滩涂资源的有效利用、盐生植物中能源植物的发掘和通过转基因技术提高能源植物耐盐性及改良盐生植物生产能源物质的特性等方面提出了沿海滩涂发展能源植物的资源潜力。 相似文献
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[目的]研究人类活动对象山湾滩涂沉积物理化特征的累积效应。[方法]选取象山湾沿岸滩涂沉积物作为供试材料,测定沉积物样品粒度特征、磁化率、总有机碳及硝态氮含量。[结果]象山湾滩涂沉积物粒径组成以粉粒为主,质地较为黏重,可塑性和保水性较好,透气性差,且沉积物粒径组成随深度变化明显;磁性物质的含量随着取样深度的增加而不断减少;有机物质含量较高,且随着取样深度的增加,有机质含量明显下降,但总体维持在较高水平;硝态氮含量随取样深度的增加总体呈上升趋势,波动明显。[结论]人类活动对象山湾滩涂影响较为明显,理化特征的累积效应在剖面上表现显著。 相似文献
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利用ANUSPLIN插值软件和GIS空间分析技术对辽宁不同时期≥0℃和≥10℃的积温、初日、终日及持续日数的气候平均值进行空间拓展。研究表明,积温值地区间最大相差900℃·d以上,以环渤海为中心的高值区北界向北扩展,增大60℃·d以上,辽西和东部山区的低值区范围都不同程度缩小,积温减少,中间过渡值各区域北界略向北推。初日地区间最大差值超过15d,大连和辽西南部最早,且提前2d左右,东部山区大部最晚,延后1d左右。终日地区间最大差值超过12 d,辽宁北部和东部山区西侧为主要的提前地区,其他大部地区都向后延迟,一般延后1d左右。持续日数地区间最大差值超过30 d,高值中心由环渤海大部地区向中部平原和辽西中部扩展,延长3~4d,辽西和东部山区的低值区域略有收缩,其持续日数略有减少。 相似文献
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基于模型与GIS的小麦籽粒品质空间差异分析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
【目的】基于小麦籽粒品质预测模型和GIS技术,探索主要籽粒品质指标区域模拟与空间变异分析的方法。【方法】首先利用文献资料对已有小麦籽粒品质预测模型进行验证和评价,并基于江苏省40个生态点2000-2003年逐日气象数据和5个生态点、6个品种类型的小麦田间试验数据,对籽粒品质预测模型进行先计算后插值(calculate first,interpolate later,CI)和先插值后计算(interpolate first,calculate later,IC)两种升尺度方法的研究与评价;在此基础上进行小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值3项籽粒品质指标的区域模拟;最后,运用GIS和地统计学方法,分析江苏省3项籽粒品质指标的空间变异,获取3项籽粒品质指标的空间分布栅格图。【结果】IC方法的模拟精度较高,3项籽粒品质指标在不同地点、不同品种上的模拟值与实测值的RMSE基本小于20%;江苏省3项小麦籽粒品质指标在最大变程7.16 km范围内显著相关,表现为东西经向和南北纬向变异较大的各向异性分布;空间栅格图能直观显示3项籽粒品质指标的空间分布以及纬度和经度方向的变异趋势。【结论】利用基于IC的小麦籽粒品质模型升尺度方法进行区域籽粒品质模拟和空间变异分析是可行的,为小麦籽粒品质的生态变异研究提供了参考。 相似文献