Foliage area and architecture of plant canopies from sunfleck size distributions

A Poisson model is developed to describe sunfleck or gap size distributions beneath clumped plant canopies. This model is based on the assumption that foliage clumps are randomly distributed in space and foliage elements are randomly distributed within each clump. Using this model, the foliage clumping index, leaf area index (L), clump area index, element area index in each clump, and element and clump widths were successfully derived for two artificial canopies and a thinned and pruned Douglas-fir forest stand. It is shown that existing theories for deriving L from measurements of canopy gap fraction have limitations, and the use of canopy architectural information derived from canopy gap size distribution can substantially improve the technique for indirectly measuring L of plant canopies.     

Slope correction for LAI estimation from gap fraction measurements

Digital hemispherical photography poses specific problems when deriving leaf area index (LAI) over sloping terrain. This study proposes a method to correct from the slope effect. It is based on simple geometrical considerations to account for the path length variation within the canopy for cameras pointing vertically. Simulations over sloping terrain show that gap fraction increases up-slope while decreasing down-slope. As a consequence of this balance between up- and down-slope effects, effective LAI estimates derived from inversion of the Poisson model are marginally affected for low to medium slopes (<25°) and LAI (LAI < 2). However, for larger slopes and LAI values, estimated LAI values may be strongly underestimated. The proposed correction was evaluated over four forested sites located over sloping terrain. Results indicate that in these conditions (LAI between 0.6 up to 3.0, clumped canopies with relatively erectophile leaf distribution), the effect of the slope (between 25° and 36°) was moderate as compared to other potential sources of problems when deriving LAI from gap fraction measurements, including clumping, leaf angle inclination and spatial sampling.     

重庆缙云山毛竹林次降雨再分配特征及穿透雨的空间异质性

为分析毛竹林的林冠降雨再分配规律及其穿透雨的空间分布特征和影响因素,在重庆缙云山自然保护区内选择的30m×30m毛竹林标准地内,随机布置72个穿透雨监测点,并选取6株标准木观测干流,于2017年5-8月监测毛竹林水文特征。结果表明:18场典型降雨的合计林冠截留量、穿透雨量和树干茎流量分别为32.74,208.09,10.97mm,分别占总降雨量的13.00%,82.64%,4.36%;次穿透雨率随次降雨量增加呈对数函数增长;穿透雨的空间变异系数(CVS)随次降雨量和降雨强度增加呈幂函数递减;当次降雨量小于10mm时,叶面积指数(LAI)与穿透雨率呈显著负相关(p0.05);各监测点不同降雨场次中穿透雨率变异系数(CV_T)为19.2%~47.7%,其空间分布格局与毛竹密度的空间分布较为一致,而与观监测点上方的LAI无显著相关;穿透雨量较大的监测点趋向于分布在毛竹冠区边缘。     

宁夏六盘山几种典型水源涵养林林分结构与水文功能的关系简

为量化水源涵养林林分结构与其水文功能之间的关系,以宁夏六盘山香水河小流域内的4种典型结构林分（华北落叶松＋灌木复层林、华北落叶松纯林、稀植乔木的天然灌丛林、天然灌丛林）为对象,在生长季内定位观测各林分的结构特征、冠层和枯落物截持及林下蒸散量的变化.结果表明：1）林冠截留率的大小表现为天然灌丛林（25.92％）＞华北落叶松纯林（23.38％）＞华北落叶松＋灌木复层林（22.81％）＞稀植乔木的天然灌丛林（22.07％）.2）林下枯落物层的持水性能表现为华北落叶松＋灌木复层林（26.49 t/hm2）＞华北落叶松纯林（23.06 t/hm2）＞稀植乔木的天然灌丛林（16.89 t/hm2）＞天然灌丛林（14.45 t/hm2）.3）林下日均蒸散量以稀植乔木的天然灌丛林最大（1.09 mm/d）,其次为华北落叶松＋灌木复层林（0.96 mm/d）,而华北落叶松纯林（0.88 mm/d）和天然灌丛林较小（0.69 mm/d）.4）回归分析表明：冠层截留量随着林分叶面积指数的增加而增加,在不同降雨强度条件下（除暴雨外）,二者的关系可以很好地用指数函数来表达（P＜0.01）;在排除林外气象因子变化对林内环境的干扰外,林下蒸散量随着林分叶面积指数的增加而呈对数函数的下降趋势（R2=0.639,P＜0.01）.     

The computation of foliage clumping index using hemispherical photography

Hemispherical photography (HP) is extensively used for both canopy architecture such as leaf area index (LAI), and solar radiation regime determinations under forest canopies. This is done mainly by assuming that foliage elements occur in a spatially random manner. However, the majority of world forests occur in heterogeneous ecosystems and topography with rather complex canopy architecture. To improve the estimates of canopy structures and solar radiation regimes, a non-random spatial distribution parameter called clumping index (CI) has been used. We compared varying methodologies of CI determination on real HP acquired in contrasting forest types growing on sloping ground, and on simulated HP representing different aggregation levels of foliage elements. The major aim was the comparative analysis of the effects of forest types, forest density, slope and gap fraction acquisition accuracy on estimation of CI using the five different approaches. The result indicated that CI estimates based on gap size distribution approaches performed the best and were less affected by topography and forest density compared to approaches based on solely logarithmic gap averaging techniques.     

Assessing the effects of the clumping phenomenon on BRDF of a maize crop based on 3D numerical scenes using DART model

Inverting radiative transfer (R-T) models against remote sensing observations to retrieve key biogeophysical parameters such as leaf area index (LAI) is a common approach. Even if new inversion techniques allow the use of three-dimensional (3D) models for that purpose, one-dimensional (1D) models are still widely used because of their ease of implementation and computational efficiency. Nevertheless, they assume a random distribution of foliage elements whereas most canopies show a clumped organization. Due to that crude simplification in the representation of the canopy structure, sizeable discrepancies can occur between 1D simulations and real canopy reflectance, which may further lead to false LAI values. The present investigation aims to appraise to which extent the incorporation of a clumping index (noted λ) into 1D R-T model could improve the simulations of Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF). Canopy BRDF is simulated here for three growth stages of a maize crop with the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) model in the visible and near infrared spectral bands, for two contrasted soil types (dark and bright) and different levels of heterogeneity to represent the canopy structure. 3D numerical scenes are based on in-situ structural measurements and associated BRDF simulations are thus considered as references. 1D scenarios assume either that leaves are randomly distributed (λ = 1) or clumped (λ < 1). If BRDF simulations seem globally reliable under the assumption of a random distribution in near infrared, it can also lead to relative errors on the total BRDF up to 30% in the red spectral band. It comes out that the use of a clumping index in a 1D reflectance model generally improves BRDF simulations in the red considering a bright soil, which seems relatively independent of LAI. In the near infrared, best results are usually obtained with homogeneous canopies, except with the dark soil. Clearly, influent factors are mainly the LAI and the spectral contrast between soil and leaves.     

六盘山半湿润区坡面华北落叶松林冠层截留的时空变化及空间尺度效应

冠层截留是森林蒸散的重要组成部分,其定量描述一直是生态水文学研究的热点问题之一,相关观测研究多是在固定样地的空间尺度上进行的。林冠截留量除在样地上受降水、气象条件和冠层结构及生长过程的动态影响外,还在坡面上受植被生长和冠层结构的坡位差异而有很大空间变化和尺度效应,需对此深入理解和精细刻画,从而为实现从样地观测结果上推到坡面的尺度转换并基于此准确评价森林水文影响来提供科学依据。在六盘山香水河小流域,选择一个水平坡长425.1m的华北落叶松人工林典型坡面,并均匀划分为空间连续的16个样地。于2015年5—10月,测定了森林冠层结构(特别是叶面积指数,LAI)的坡位差异和动态变化,并同步观测了林外降雨和林内穿透雨及树干茎流,依此计算得到每次降雨事件的冠层截留量。以"离坡顶水平距离(水平坡长)"为尺度标量,分析林冠截留量沿坡面的时空变化规律及影响因素。结果表明,林冠截留量存在沿坡变化和坡面空间尺度效应,且月份变化明显。在整个生长季,林冠截留量沿坡变化总体表现为随水平坡长增加先升高,在坡面中部达最大,之后逐渐降低,以每100m水平坡长的变化量表示的坡面尺度效应为+5.62mm/100m(坡段0~316.6m)和-2.37mm/100m(坡段316.6~425.1m);在5月,林冠截留量沿坡变化总体表现为随坡长增加而逐渐降低,坡面尺度效应为-0.26mm/100m(0~425.1m),在6—8月,林冠截留量沿坡变化总体趋势均和整个生长季相同,6月份坡面尺度效应为+1.28mm/100m(0~261.1m)和-1.78mm/100m(261.1~425.1m),7月为+0.92mm/100m(0~267.6m)和-0.88mm/100m(267.6~425.1m),8月份为+1.28mm/100m(0~211.2m)和-0.34mm/100m(211.2~425.1m);在9月、10月,林冠截留量沿坡变化表现为随坡长增加逐渐升高,坡面尺度效应分别为+2.38mm/100m和+0.81mm/100m(0~425.1m)。林冠层叶面积指数的坡位差异及其季节变化是影响林冠截留时空变化的主导因素,各月林冠截留率均与叶面积指数呈显著正相关。可基于不同坡位样地的叶面积指数与其坡面均值的关系、叶面积指数与林冠截留量的关系以及不同坡位样地的叶面积指数测定值,上推估计林冠截留的坡面均值。     

Seasonal distribution of Xenylla brevispina (Collembola) in the canopy and soil habitat of a Cryptomeria japonica plantation

We investigated the life cycle and habitat use of an arboreal collembolan species, Xenylla brevispina, in the canopy and soil of a conifer (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) plantation. The adaptive significance of migration between arboreal and soil habitats in the maintenance of its population in relation to the vertical structure of the forest is discussed. We sampled dead branches with foliage in the canopy (canopy litter) and on the forest-floor (soil litter). X. brevispina had one generation a year throughout the 3 years of the study. The mean densities of X. brevispina were similar in the canopy litter (0.06 to 14.57 g⁻¹ dry weight) and the soil litter (0.44 to 18.99 g⁻¹ dry weight). Seasonal patterns of density and relative abundance indicate that individuals of X. brevispina in the canopy were closely associated with those in the soil. These results suggest that vertical migration between the canopy and the soil might be a strategy allowing X. brevispina to be a predominant collembolan species in this forest.     

双源蒸散发模型估算潜在蒸散发量的对比

潜在蒸散发取决于气候条件与下垫面植被覆盖状况,是农田及流域水循环研究的重要内容。该文针对现有的3种估算潜在蒸散发的双源模型(层状模型、块状模型、混合型模型),设定不同的下垫面植被覆盖状况,较为详细地比较了3种模型在不同植被覆盖条件下的潜在蒸散发估算能力,并对其区分土壤表面潜在蒸发与植被冠层潜在蒸腾的合理性进行了评价。结果表明,混合双源模型较层状模型和块状模型具有更好的模拟效果,能够适用于更广的下垫面植被覆盖状况。     

长三角地区毛竹林冠截留的影响因素

为了探究毛竹林林冠截留与其影响因素之间的关系,于2012年4月至2013年3月,定位观测了毛竹林的林冠截留特征以及相关影响因子数据。结果表明,研究期内,长三角地区毛竹林的穿透雨率、树干茎流率和林冠截留率,分别占同期降雨总量的60.6%,6.7%和32.7%;林冠枝叶部分与树干部分的持水能力分别为0.82和0.1mm;引入叶面积指数作为林冠特征并与林冠截留进行分析,结果发现各月林冠截留总量随月平均叶面积指数的增加呈一定程度上增大的趋势,月平均林冠截留率随各月平均叶面积指数的增大而减小;各气象因子与毛竹林的林冠截留量的灰色关联度大小顺序为:降雨强度降雨量风速空气温度风向空气湿度,各气象因子与毛竹林的林冠截留率的灰色关联度大小顺序依次为:空气温度风向降雨量风速降雨强度空气湿度。     

Estimation of Leaf Area Index and Foliage Area Index of Rice using an Indirect Gravimetric Method

The aim of this study was to present a gravimetric method for the estimation of leaf area index (LAI) and foliage area index (FAI) of rice. The method estimates indirectly the LAI-FAI variation during the growing season using simple measurements during harvest, based on a module of predetermined relations among agronomic parameters. The method confronts the limitations of other methods under specific conditions, such as (a) high plant densities and high LAI-FAI values, where indirect optical methods are restricted and (b) experiments related to crop modeling applications where direct destructive methods are not allowed because they alter the initial design of the experimental setup. The method was applied for the high-yield cultivar (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica, cv. Thaibonnet) during 2-year evapotranspiration experiments in lysimeters. The method identified the differences between the replicate lysimeters, and LAI-FAI estimations were significantly correlated with the final grain yields and the crop factors obtained from evapotranspiration measurements.     

北京山区侧柏林蒸散拆分研究

以北京山区广泛分布的侧柏林为研究对象,分别采用水文学实测法(树干液流计结合大型蒸渗仪)和稳定同位素法对林分蒸散量进行定量拆分研究。结果表明:(1)在日尺度上,该林分的蒸散量和蒸腾量均显现为"单峰"型的变化曲线。林分总的蒸散量和蒸腾量均在正午前后达到最大值,分别为1.27,1.13 mm/h;(2)实测法和稳定同位素法对侧柏林蒸腾量占总蒸散量的计算结果分别为80.21%～89.63%和79.10%～98.71%。相比水文学实测法,稳定同位素法在小时尺度上误差为(3.97±3.53)%,而在日尺度上误差为(1.89±0.67)%。该林分蒸散主要来自于植被蒸腾,林木蒸腾耗水远大于土壤蒸发耗水。     

基于能量平衡的华北平原农田蒸散量的估算

通过测定冬小麦主要生育期农田冠层能量平衡的各分量、少风晴天时冠层温度和气温日变化及每周叶面积指数,分析了农田冠层能量平衡日变化规律、各分量季节变化特征,并以波文比系统实测蒸散值为相对标准,基于遥感冠层表面温度和能量平衡原理,采用Brown-Rosenberg公式对农田蒸散进行了估算和验证。结果表明：考虑夜间能量平衡各分量变化时,土壤热通量只占净辐射的3%左右,且夜间潜热交换值均很小,都在零左右波动;采用Brown-Rosenberg公式引入遥感冠层温度后估算的蒸散量较波文比系统实测值稍大,但忽略土壤热通量和考虑土壤热通量相比,二者相对平均偏差分别为16%和10%左右,差别不大,说明拔节-灌浆期（LAI≥3）估算蒸散时可近似忽略土壤热通量和夜间农田蒸散量,利用Brown-Rosenberg公式估算区域蒸散可行,该方法适用于华北平原农田蒸散计算。研究结果为将Brown-Rosenberg公式引入作物模型、基于热红外遥感冠层表面温度计算区域蒸散和水分胁迫系数进行区域估产提供了地面试验依据。     

蒸渗仪测定滴灌枣树不同时间尺度下腾发强度特征

为精确测定、准确模拟阿克苏地区滴灌枣树腾发过程,基于大型称重式蒸渗仪测定枣树全生育期逐时及逐日腾发强度（ET）,利用水量平衡方程、PM公式及经典统计原理,分析不同时间尺度下叶面积指数（LAI）、气象因素[温度（I）、风速（V）、净辐射（R_n）]、表层土壤含水率（W）与枣树腾发强度的相关关系并建立预测模型。结果表明：枣树日内腾发强度呈单峰型变化趋势,夜间变化幅度较小且腾发贡献率低。枣树全生育期逐日腾发强度变化呈先增大后减小的趋势,花期的腾发强度最大,为4.42 mm·d^-1;全生育期腾发总量为640.83 mm,其中花期和果实生长发育期耗水量占比较大,分别为38.61%和32.72%。在小时和日时间尺度上,影响腾发强度的主要因素不完全相同,且影响程度有所差异。综合考虑各影响因素,以萌芽期、花期、果实发育期为基础,分别建立以小时、日尺度下估算腾发强度的经验模型ET₁（h）=0.153+0.004T+0.012V+0.176R_n+0.002W+0.067LAI、ET₂（d）=-3.325+0.081T+0.163R_n+0.069W+2.089LAI,拟合度R²均在0.7以上,以果实发育期与成熟期数据对模型进行检验,纳什效率系数分别达0.63、0.80。经偏相关检验,冠层净辐射（R_n）对两种尺度的腾发强度均影响最显著,因此以枣树全生育期数据量为基础,仅建立冠层净辐射（R_n）与腾发强度的回归模型ET₁（h）=-0.063 3R_n²+0.361 2R_n—0.003 7、ET₂（d）=-0.018 3R_n²+0.684 7R_n–1.642 1,R²分别为0.704 7与0.743 6,可满足缺少数据支撑情况下的腾发过程估算。这些模型明确了阿克苏地区滴灌枣树腾发机制及影响程度,可为水分管理精准化提供计算基础。     

多年冻土区白桦次生林蒸腾特征及其对影响因子的响应

探究多年冻土区白桦次生林蒸腾特征对影响因子的响应,为准确评估该地区森林生态系统水文效应提供科学参考。运用热扩散式探针法,从2021年5—9月对多年冻土区的白桦树干液流进行监测,并同步观测影响因子变化情况。结果表明：整个观测期,白桦次生林蒸腾表现出明显的小时、日、月变化。(1)白桦次生林小时蒸腾特征表现为优势木>中等木>被压木,蒸腾动态在晴天呈单峰曲线,在雨天呈双峰曲线。日尺度上,白桦次生林蒸腾平均值为1.47 mm/d,且最大值出现在7月。在整个观测期,林分蒸腾表现出明显的月变化,即7月>6月>8月>9月>5月,分别为65.08,62.43,54.27,22.92,19.84 mm;(2)林分累计蒸腾量共计224.54 mm,占同期降雨量的32.41%,其中优势木为林分蒸腾的主要贡献者,占林分总蒸腾量的62.64%;(3)在小时尺度上,林分蒸腾量主要受大气温度和饱和水汽压差所影响;日尺度上,林分蒸腾与潜在蒸散、空气温度、太阳辐射、饱和水汽压差、叶面积指数以及土壤温度极显著正相关(p<0.01);与空气相对湿度极显著负相关(p<0.01);...     

Water table is a relevant source for water uptake by a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand: Evidences from continuous evapotranspiration and water table monitoring

The objective of this study was to quantify the main terms of the water cycle in a Scots pine stand (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing on a sandy soil and to estimate the contribution of the shallow water table (0.80 m deep in spring) to the forest water use. Continuous monitoring was organized in 2005 to measure climate, throughfall, soil moisture, tree transpiration and water table variations at a half-hourly basis. Leaf area index seasonal dynamic was measured and roots were counted down to the bottom of the soil profile. Forest floor evapotranspiration was modelled with Granier et al. [Granier, A., Bréda, N., Biron, P., Villette, S., 1999. A lumped water balance model to evaluate duration and intensity of drought constraints in forest stands. Ecol. Model. 116, 269–283]. From May to November, pine transpiration never exceeded 1.85 mm d⁻¹ and reached a total of 176.4 mm, which corresponded to 25% of potential evapotranspiration, whereas the understorey evapotranspiration was 130 mm (i.e. 18–20% of the stand water use). The maximum soil water reserve measured over the soil rooted zone was 250 mm, in which 145 mm was extractable water. A 3.5-week period with no rain was observed in June, which induced a regulation of pine transpiration when the soil extractable water reached 0.25 of its maximum value.We applied the water table fluctuation (WTF) method [White, W., 1932. A method for estimating groundwater supplies based on discharge by plants and evaporation from soil. US Geol. Survey Water Supply Paper 659-A. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, DC] to estimate the water table daily loss of water. A relationship was established with potential evapotranspiration and the actual transpiration fluxes of the stand. Yet, it was not possible to extract from the WTF results the part that was effectively contributing to actual transpiration. We applied then the WTF methodology on longer time intervals, with a focus on periods with no rains. From May to November, the contribution of the water table to forest transpiration reached 61%. During the drought period in June, the water table contributed to 98.5% of the water uptake by vegetation, through its contribution to the capillary rise above the water table. The presence of a groundwater table with a floor down to 180–200 cm allowed this stand to rely upon water that otherwise would have drained deeper.     

野外叶面积指数自动测量仪器设计及应用试验

为提高长时间序列叶面积指数测定模型的模拟精度,该文设计一种可以长期在野外间接测量叶面积指数仪器,仪器由太阳能提供持久电能,利用单片机控制垂直水平舵机,带动光强传感器记录多角度光线强度,在2台仪器同时测量的情况下,获得光线透过林分冠层多角度光强衰减率,通过编写计算程序解算林分叶面积指数。使用商品化光学仪器LAI-2200验证该仪器测量精度,对24块样地叶面积指数进行测量,两仪器测量结果高度吻合R2为0.927,绝对标准误差为0.36。长时间野外叶面积指数自动测量获取数据可节省人力、减少人为误差。     

Relationships between canopy transpiration, atmospheric conditions and soil water availability—Analyses of long-term sap-flow measurements in an old Norway spruce forest at the Ore Mountains/Germany

At the study site Tharandt Anchor Station in Saxony/Germany sap flow measurements are conducted in an old Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] KARST.) stand. During the study period from 2001 to 2007 several events like thinning, long and short drought periods and a winter storm significantly affected the amount of canopy water use. We show that intra-annual variation of Ec is strongly related to VPD and PPFD. While there is a non-linear relationship between daily Ec and VPD, daily Ec is limited by daily integrated PPFD indicating stomatal control of Ec through photosynthesis. On a monthly or seasonal basis, reduction of Ec is not only related to high VPD and non-saturating PPFD, but also to higher frequencies of precipitation. In comparison to this, nearly 55% of canopy precipitation and 20% of available energy were used for transpiration during the growing season. Intensive seasonal soil water measurements at the site revealed that on average about 74% of soil water removal within the rooting zone can be related to tree water uptake. A good correlation was found between annual Ec and Ec_max, usually occurring in June or July. Further, the monthly sums of June plus July were good predictors of annual Ec. Within the study period, the extreme drought in 2003 revealed a clear threshold of soil water content by 9.5 vol% and had the most pronounced effect on annual Ec followed by a stand thinning. The winter storm “Kyrill” in January 2007 had caused loss of green needles and twigs. It is assumed that the observed reduction in Ec during spring was related to the reduced leaf biomass and potentially to root damage of bended trees. Excluding the effect of extreme drought and forest management, a mean inter-annual variation in Ec of ±15% and in Ec/VPD of ±8% remained. It is concluded that lag-effects of drought and the winter storm add lacking explanation to the inter-annual variability of canopy transpiration besides the typical variation of atmospheric conditions.     

黄前水库上游生态修复区典型植被林冠层水文效应

利用森林水文与水量平衡原理,采用固定标准地方法,对山东省泰安市黄前水库上游水土保持生态修复区典型植被类型的林冠层水文效应进行了研究。结果表明:①在P=18 mm的降雨条件下,生态修复区内不同树种林冠对降雨截留量的排序为油松>赤松>侧柏>麻栎>刺槐,树干径流量和林内穿透雨量没有发现有类似的规律,针叶林比阔叶林的林冠截留量大。②不同造林密度对林冠截留量的影响总体趋势为造林密度越大林冠截留量越多,反之林冠截留量就越少;林内穿透雨量与林冠截留量的变化规律相反。③不同郁闭度林分与不同造林密度的林分对降雨的再分配规律相同。④不同混交方式的林分对降雨的截留量排序为松刺栎混交>油松>松栎混交>松刺混交>麻栎>刺槐;树干径流量和林内穿透雨量的规律不明显。⑤生态修复区内典型植被林冠截留量在降雨量较小时(P=4.50 mm)截留作用很明显,林冠截留率较大;但随着雨量增加,树干径流量逐渐增大,林冠截留率呈减小趋势。     

基于夏玉米冠层内辐射分布的不同层叶面积指数模拟

为了模拟夏玉米冠层内各层叶面积指数垂直分布,光合有效辐射（photosynthetically active radiation, PAR）是研究作物群体光合作用和长势的重要特征参数,阐明冠层内PAR的垂直分布规律与冠层结构等参数之间的相关关系,可为遥感定量反演冠层结构参数提供模型基础。该文基于PAR在冠层内的辐射传输规律结合冠层结构模拟不同太阳高度角的PAR透过率垂直分布模型,并用地面冠层分析仪测量值进行验证,结果表明模型对封垄前玉米抽雄期冠层内PAR透过率垂直分布模拟精度较高。通过不同太阳高度角PAR透过率的垂直分布模型结合消光系数运用不同算法分别反演层叶面积指数（leaf area index, LAI）,并与不同高度层LAI实测值进行比较。结果显示：Bonhomme& Chartier算法反演不同高度层LAI精度较高,上层均方根误差（root mean square error,RMSE）为0.18,中层RMSE为0.55,下层RMSE为0.09。不同太阳高度角反演结果存在差异,30°和45°高度角均能较好地反演下层LAI,RMSE分别为0.11与0.09;30°高度角反演中层LAI精度较高,RMSE为0.30;45°高度角反演上层LAI精度较高,RMSE为0.18。结果表明基于不同太阳高度角构建的层LAI反演模型更适于实现夏玉米不同高度层LAI的遥感估算。该研究可为模拟垄行结构冠层内LAI垂直分布提供参考。