共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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安全有效地去除霉菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON),是确保食品安全的一件迫在眉睫的事。从具有DON脱毒活性的微生物中分离出的酶,为缓解这一问题提供了有应用前景的替代品。然而,在实用性应用这些酶之前,必须解决一些关键挑战。 相似文献
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建立了一种快速检测脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的免疫胶体金检测方法.利用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备直径40 nm的胶体金溶液,利用胶体金标记抗DON单克隆抗体制备胶体金免疫复合物,将DON-BSA和羊抗鼠IgG分别固定在NC膜的检测线和质控线上,依次将样品垫、胶体金结合垫、NC膜和吸水垫粘贴到PVC膜上,组装成试剂板.该试剂板灵敏度可达到500 μg/kg,15 min内即可完成检测;特异性好,与其他霉菌毒素无交叉反应;稳定性、准确性均较好.该胶体金免疫层析试剂板使用方便、快速,且不需要任何仪器设备辅助,可开发作为一种大批量检测脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇样本的筛选手段. 相似文献
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脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇导致厌食和呕吐的机制研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由镰刀菌产生的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)广泛存在于谷物及其加工产品中,对动物和人类健康有着潜在的危害。DON具有多方面的毒性作用,而厌食和呕吐是机体摄入DON后出现的最典型症状,厌食和呕吐的产生主要归因于DON对中枢神经系统和胃肠道食欲因子的影响。DON可直接作用于中枢神经系统的呕吐中枢产生呕吐反射,同时激活下丘脑神经元分泌食欲调节因子影响采食;DON可诱导肠内分泌细胞分泌肽YY、胆囊收缩素等食欲调节因子从而引发厌食;DON对中枢神经系统和胃肠道分泌的影响又可通过肠-脑轴产生关联;此外,细胞因子及肠道微生物也部分参与了反应的介导。本文综述了DON诱发机体出现厌食和呕吐的可能机制,以期为找到相应解决措施提供理论指导。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)对蛋鸡肠道形态结构、炎症因子、紧密连接蛋白表达的影响。选取26周龄产蛋率一致的海兰褐蛋鸡80只,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只,对照组每天灌服等量生理盐水,试验组每天分别灌服1、5和10 mg/kg·BW的DON,连续灌服6周。结果显示:与对照组相比,5和10 mg/kg DON组肠道形态结构均受到不同程度损伤,出现黏膜脱落、绒毛数量减少的现象,绒毛长度显著降低,隐窝深度增加,且呈剂量-效应关系(P<0.05或P<0.01)。DON剂量≥5 mg/kg时,白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、紧密连接蛋白-1(ZO-1)和紧密连接跨膜蛋白(claudin-1)的基因表达水平降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);DON剂量为10 mg/kg时,紧密连接蛋白-1(ZO-1)和紧密连接跨膜蛋白(claudin-1)的蛋白表达也显著降低(P<0.05);DON剂量为1 mg/kg时,白细胞介素8(IL-8)表达水平显著增加(P<0.01)。表明DON高于5 mg/kg·BW时能显著破坏蛋鸡肠道... 相似文献
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脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇提取、纯化及含量检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国兽医学报》2017,(9):1771-1777
本试验通过提取和纯化方法的优化,旨在获得高纯度的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)。首先将禾谷镰刀菌孢子液接种于玉米培养基,于27℃30%湿度的条件下培养25d,收集产毒培养基,制成毒素粗提液。经过层析柱2次洗脱,分段收集洗脱液,用薄层色谱法(TLC)确定含DON的洗脱液,合并洗脱液,运用多重结晶法进行纯化,获得DON的纯品,高效液相色谱法(HPLC)进行分析确认。采用该培养方法,每千克玉米培养基可产生DON 56.65 mg,纯化后可得到DON 29.5mg,纯度达到98.1%;HPLC检测条件为:Waters C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(16∶84),流速0.8mL/min,紫外波长218nm,色谱柱柱温30℃;本方法加标回收率为86.9%~100.6%,日内相对标准偏差≤9.42%,日间相对标准偏差≤5.79%。本试验建立的DON提取与纯化方法简单,不需要任何特殊的试剂与设备,且该检测方法回收率高,准确度和精密度均能满足试验要求,为DON纯品的定量提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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Y.‐H. Yu F. S.‐H. Hsiao W. S. Proskura A. Dybus Y.‐H. Siao Y.‐H. Cheng 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(4):1012-1019
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a major mycotoxin from the trichothecene family of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi that cause disease in grains. Food and feed contaminated with DON cause a variety of adverse health effects in humans and farm animals. However, the fermentation conditions of DON for toxicological study remain to be optimised. Deoxynivalenol levels were increased in a constant temperature of 20°C after fermentation for 7 and 14 days compared with cycling temperatures between 10–20°C and 15–20°C. We have established that optimum conditions for DON production on rice‐based medium is constant temperature at 20°C. In feeding experiments, the villus height and the ratio of villus height and crypt depth were reduced in the duodenum of DON‐fed broiler chickens, whereas a mycotoxin degradation agent efficiently reversed the abnormal morphology of the small intestine in the DON‐fed broilers. The expression of pro‐inflammatory gene, COX‐2, was induced in the spleen and bursa of Fabricius of DON‐fed broilers. This effect was alleviated in the presence of mycotoxin degradation agent. DON produced in solid‐state fermentation is able to cause toxic effects in broilers and induce an abnormal morphology of the small intestine, particularly the duodenum. 相似文献
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应用Illumina-MiSeq高通量测序技术分析脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对小鼠肠道菌群的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本试验旨在研究脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)对小鼠肠道微生物多样性、物种丰度的影响。选用平均体重为20 g的BALB/c小鼠40只,随机分成对照组(灌胃灭菌生理盐水)和DON组(灌胃1.8 mg/kg BW DON),每组20个重复,每个重复1只小鼠,连续灌服28 d。试验结束后,收集新鲜粪便,每组随机选取3份,用Illumina-Mi Seq高通量测序技术分析微生物群落结构和组成的变化。结果表明,1)与对照组相比,DON组测序数量减少(P0.05)。2)DON组降低了Alpha、Beta多样性,Shannon指数较对照组显著降低(P0.05)。3)在门水平,与对照组相比,DON组显著降低了拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和脱铁杆菌门(Deferribacteres)的物种丰度(P0.05),显著提高了变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的物种丰度(P0.05)。在属水平,与对照组相比,DON组显著降低了副类杆菌属(Parabacteroides)、理研菌属(Rikenella)、Algoriphagus、Mucispirillum、嗜甲基菌属(Methylophilus)、Francisella的物种丰度(P0.05),显著提高了梭菌属(Clostridium)、Robinsoniella、A llobaculum、A kkermansia的物种丰度(P0.05)。4)聚类分析显示,DON组与对照组的肠道微生物相似性降低。由此可见,DON能显著影响小鼠肠道微生物菌群多样性及物种丰度,提示DON致肠道损伤与这些肠道菌群的变化密切相关。 相似文献
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本试验旨在探究脱氧雪腐烯醇(DON)对牛卵母细胞体外成熟发育的影响及其作用机制。将牛卵丘卵母细胞复合体分别在含DON浓度为0、50、250、500、1 000 ng·mL-1的体外成熟培养液中进行体外成熟,检测卵丘细胞扩展程度及第一极体排出率,构建DON毒性模型。然后,借助此模型研究DON对卵母细胞的线粒体分布及后续受精卵裂率、囊胚发育率的影响,探究DON对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及后续发育能力的影响;通过检测体外成熟卵母细胞内的氧化相关因子(ROS、GSH)水平和抗氧化基因CAT、GPx4的mRNA表达量,揭示DON影响牛卵母细胞体外发育能力的分子机制。结果表明,250、500 ng·mL-1的DON显著抑制卵母细胞的第一极体排出(P<0.05),1 000 ng·mL-1的DON极显著抑制第一极体排出(P<0.01); 250 ng·mL-1的DON显著抑制卵丘卵母细胞扩展(P<0.05),500、1 000 ng·mL-1的DON极显著抑制卵丘细胞扩展(P<0.01);后续试验选取DON浓度为500 ng·mL-1作为毒性模型(DON组),与不含DON组(对照组)进行比较研究,结果发现,对照组与DON组的线粒体均匀分布比例(60.2%vs.40.0%)存在显著差异(P<0.05);试验组较对照组的受精卵裂率(33.6±3.6%vs.(67.7±2.6)%)及早期囊胚率((0.0±0.0)%vs.(18.3±2.2)%)均显著降低(P<0.05);试验组较对照组,卵母细胞内ROS水平(1.6 vs.1.0)显著升高(P<0.05),GSH相对水平(0.4 vs.1.0)显著降低(P<0.05),抗氧化基因CAT与GPx4的mRNA相对表达量(0.0 vs.1.0;0.6 vs.1.0)显著降低(P<0.05)。以上研究表明,DON对卵母细胞的体外成熟及早期胚胎发育具有抑制作用,其作用机制与DON破坏牛卵母细胞内抗氧化系统平衡相关。 相似文献
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Junmei Wang Yongcheng Jin Shunlu Wu Hao Yu Yun Zhao Hengtong Fang Jinglin Shen Changhai Zhou Yurong Fu Ruihua Li Rui Wang Junxiong Wang Kexin Zheng Qingsong Fan Bojiong Chen Jing Zhang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(6):1663-1674
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium graminearum. It is one of the most common feed contaminants that poses a serious threat to the health and performance of dairy cows. This study investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity of DON on bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC‐T). DON at different concentrations (0.25, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1 or 2 μg/ml) inhibited the growth of MAC‐T cells after 24 hr of exposure (p < .001). DON at 0.25 μg/ml increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage (p < .05); decreased glutathione (GSH) levels (p < .001), total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC; p < .01); and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (p < .01) in MAC‐T cells after 24 hr of exposure. We also observed that DON increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cells incubated for 9, 15 and 24 hr (p < .001). DON at 0.25 μg/ml triggered oxidative damage in MAC‐T cells. Furthermore, it induced an inflammatory response in the cells incubated for 9, 15 and 24 hr (p < .05) by increasing the mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, cyclooxygenase‐2 and IL‐8. We further examined the effect of DON on apoptosis. DON prevented normal proliferation of MAC‐T cells by blocked cell cycle progression in 24 hr (p < .001). In addition, the apoptosis rate measured using annexin V‐FITC significantly increased (p < .05) with increase in the mRNA expression level of Bax (p < .01) and increase in the Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio (p < .01) in cells incubated for 24 hr. In summary, DON exerts toxic effects in MAC‐T cells by causing oxidative stress, inducing an inflammatory response, affecting cell cycle and leading to apoptosis. 相似文献