云计算下的温室监控系统应用布局

传统的温室大棚种植主要依靠人工监测完成环境参数的监测,监测数据不全面,且实时性不高,耗费了大量的人力物力,作业效率低,严重影响了温室大棚的产量和质量。为进一步提升温室大棚效益,引入了云计算技术,深入研究了云计算各服务层次之间的关系和云架构基本原理,完成了基于云计算的温室监控系统的优化设计。同时,将云架构体系应用在温室监控系统总体方案中,分别从接入层、云服务层、传输层及感知控制层分析温室监控系统工作原理,完成了温室监控系统的功能结构设计,并对温室监控系统进行功能测试。测试结果表明:基于云计算的温室监控系统能够实时准确获取温室大棚内的温湿度、土壤湿度、二氧化碳浓度及光照度等环境信息,且通过云计算平台可以实现对温室大棚的远程控制和监控,保证各个温室大棚之间的数据共享。云计算技术在温室大棚监控系统中的应用有效推进了农业生产智能化、自动化发展,对实现智慧农业具有重要意义。     

温室远程监控系统的研究

蓝牙技术是一种短程无线数据与语音通信技术,具有使用方便、可靠性高、低成本和低功耗的特性,非常适合在温室环境监测中应用.为此,论述了蓝牙技术的特点,对基于蓝牙技术的温室远程监控体系结构进行了分析,提出了采用蓝牙技术和以太网进行温室远程监控的设计方案;介绍了该系统的硬件结构及软件设计流程;阐述了该方案的具体应用.该方案通过Internet上的计算机,能够实现对温室环境的远程监控,利用该方案所设计的远程监控系统的可靠性、抗干扰性与灵活性得到了很大的提高.     

温室大棚无线监控系统的设计与开发

针对国内温室大棚监控系统的现状,设计了利用无线传感网络技术的温室大棚监控系统。该系统可以实时监控温室大棚内的空气和土壤的温湿度数据,还可以通过监控计算机远程控制温室大棚内的农业设备。实验结果表明,该系统运行稳定,传感器数据采集、无线数据传输和农业设备远程控制等功能达到设计要求,提高了种植园区的管理效率。     

浅谈温室环境监控系统的现状及发展趋势

温室大棚内部温度、湿度、二氧化碳浓度等环境因素与植物生长有密切的关系,适宜的环境能促进植物生长甚至缩短植物生长周期,因此温室大棚环境监测对指导作物种植具有重要意义。文中介绍了国内外温室大棚环境监控系统的发展现状,分析了温室大棚环境监控系统的结构及我国温室大棚环境监控系统存在的主要问题,提出了温室大棚环境监控系统的发展趋势。经济可靠的温室大棚环境监测系统的应用可以提高我国温室大棚的生产效率。对于温室大棚环境监测系统的发展状况的详细了解有利于温室监测系统的研究与发展。     

基于语音识别和PLC的温室智能灌溉控制系统设计

针对我国现阶段温室大棚灌溉人工控制费时费力、水资源浪费的现象,设计基于声音识别和PLC的温室智能灌溉控制系统。系统以PLC为下位机控制器,以PC机组态王为上位机,通过MATLAB声音识别处理工具,采用动态时间规整算法(DTW)声音识别模型,实现语音信号的预处理和特征提取,建立语音样本数据库,并借助组态王软件开发温室灌溉的上位机监控系统,通过OPC技术实现声音识别结果和上位机之间的交互。同时设计温室灌溉的PLC控制系统,在上位机上可以通过语音识别和组态王软件实现对温室灌溉系统的双控制。实际运行结果表明,系统运行稳定,智能化程度高,能够实时采集温室管理人员语音控制信号,通过语音实现对温室灌溉电机的远程控制,对进一步提高我国温室灌溉向智能化方向发展具有重要意义。     

基于LoRa的温室大棚监控系统云平台应用实现

以温室大棚监控系统为研究对象,利用无线传感网络技术、LoRa通信技术及GPRS通信技术构建出一种温室大棚环境参数监控系统,并进行系统的硬件及软件设计.试验验证表明:系统可有效的进行数据通信,监控过程具有较高的可靠性.     

农业温室大棚温湿度监控系统设计与应用

【目的】传统意义上的环境监控系统大都采用分散监控和维护的方式,不仅浪费物力、财力和人力,而且系统的可靠性相对较差,亟需解决这些问题。【方法】笔者提出了一种基于嵌入式技术的智能化农业温室大棚环境监控系统,该监控系统通过采用下位机和上位机两个独立的子系统,能够实现对农业温室大棚内部环境的多点网络式监控,应季节变化配置监控系统监测参数。【结果】温度调试模块、湿度采集模块运行良好,上位机界面显示正常,能够实现实时智能化的监督与控制。【结论】创新设计后的农业温室大棚温湿度监控系统不仅可以降低系统监控成本,给设备维护管理者提供便捷,提高其工作效率,还可以应用于其他任何需要环境监控的领域,有助于推进农业生产智能化进程。     

基于NB-IoT技术的温室大棚环境监控系统设计

【目的】传统监控温室大棚存在待机时间较短、线路布置困难、无法远程监控等问题,且受监测设备价格以及操作复杂性的影响。【方法】笔者充分结合NB-IoT技术与移动互联网技术、传感器技术、微处理器技术,设计了一种能够对温室大棚环境进行有效监测的新型系统。该系统硬件设计主要以NB-IoT通信技术和STM32处理器为基础,利用具有较高精确度的温湿度传感器DHT22对温室大棚各项环境参数进行采集;软件设计则充分整合了emWin用户界面和uC/OS-Ⅲ操作系统,设计了更加智能化的移动设备App终端。并且,运用TESTO440温湿度检测仪对系统进行了长达1个月的稳定性测试。【结果】该系统能够持续工作1个月,并且各项指标以及工作状态始终保持在稳定范围,能够充分满足温室大棚实时监控的要求。【结论】基于NB-IoT技术的温室大棚环境监控系统测试得到的数据具有较高稳定性和可靠性,测量精度也较高,具有较强的实用意义与价值。     

OPC技术在智能化农业监控系统中的应用

在某智能化农业系统中,使用OPC技术将iFIX组态软件监控的蔬菜温室大棚系统,以及组态王软件监控的智能养殖系统的数据统一传输到总控室。该技术能够在总控室实时监测蔬菜温室大棚系统的温度、湿度、光照强度、二氧化碳浓度等,同时监测温室大棚内部各类辅助设备状态信息及作物生长状况信息;又能在总控室实时监控到智能养殖系统自动上料机、自动清粪机、供氧机、通风设备、灯具等的参数信息,为提高种植技术、养殖状况改良提供数据依据。依此来阐述OPC技术在智能化农业系统中的应用,给智能化农业的发展提供可靠的通讯方式支持。     

OPC技术在智能化农业监控系统中的应用

在某智能化农业系统中,使用OPC技术将iFIX组态软件监控的蔬菜温室大棚系统,以及组态王软件监控的智能养殖系统的数据统一传输到总控室。该技术能够在总控室实时监测蔬菜温室大棚系统的温度、湿度、光照强度、二氧化碳浓度等,同时监测温室大棚内部各类辅助设备状态信息及作物生长状况信息;又能在总控室实时监控到智能养殖系统自动上料机、自动清粪机、供氧机、通风设备、灯具等的参数信息,为提高种植技术、养殖状况改良提供数据依据。依此来阐述OPC技术在智能化农业系统中的应用,给智能化农业的发展提供可靠的通讯方式支持。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。