东北地区大豆主栽品种油份蛋白含量的关联分析

为探寻与大豆油份含量、蛋白含量相关的关键位点,本研究选取中国东北地区92份大豆主栽品种及常用种质资源品种群体基于蛋白含量和油份含量的Meta分析,进行基于数学模型的类群划分评价,估测样本群体的结构,应用简单线性模型分析与大豆油份含量、蛋白含量相关的的位点。结果表明,通过多次迭代测试,当K=5时,即该资源群体可以分为5个亚群时,为最稳定的分类结果,并在显著水平下（p<0.05）,贡献率大于1%的标记中,得到与大豆油份含量相关标记有Sat_412,Sat_195,Satt317,Sat_187,Sat_195,Satt255,Satt713,Satt468,Satt267,Satt686,Sat_294和AZ302047,对油分含量的总贡献率为39.54%。蛋白质含量相关标记有Satt683,Sat_311,Satt578,Satt181,Satt317,Satt700,Satt713,Satt255,Sat_242和Satt720对蛋白质含量总贡献率为48.39%。这些重要的标记位点为大豆油份含量和蛋白含量的分子辅助育种提供重要基础。     

大豆蛋白质含量及产量的回交效应分析

以两个杂交组合（组合Ⅰ：吉林28×吉林27;组合Ⅱ：吉林26×吉林20）的F1与其亲本分别回交,形成B1F1、B2F1世代,自交加代形成B1F2和B2F2及B1F3和B2F3世代,分析了高蛋白和高产亲本回文对后代蛋白质含量及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,回交后代BF1和BF2平均蛋白质含量及BF2变异幅度随回交亲本蛋白质含量的高低而变化。BF2蛋白质含量总变异幅度略小于F2,并随回交亲本蛋白质含量的高低,表现为偏态分布。与低蛋白高产亲本回交,BF2群体中低蛋白个体的比例增加,小于或等于低值亲本的比例两组合分别为9．2％和16．4％;相反,以高蛋白品种作回交亲本的BF2世代,高蛋白个体的比例提高,大于或等于高值亲本的比例,两组合分别达50．4％和36．4％。回交后代BF2、BF3平均产量与亲本产量水平方差分析结果呈现与蛋白质含量变化的相反趋势。     

高油大豆品种蛋白质和脂肪积累规律初探

以3个高油大豆品种(绥农14、红丰9、东农47)为试验材料,在2003—2004不同年份探讨高油大豆品种 蛋白质和脂肪积累的变化规律。结果表明:高油大豆品种在不同年份间,脂肪含量的相对排序保持不变。油分含 量高的品种,蛋白质含量年份间变异较小;油分含量低的品种,则变异较大。高油大豆的蛋白质含量积累呈现出 “高—低—高”趋势,并且种子成熟后的蛋白质含量要小于初期测量时的含量;高油大豆脂肪含量积累呈现了“低— 高—低”趋势,并且种子成熟后的脂肪含量要高于初期测量时的含量。     

光照强度对大豆产量及品质的影响Ⅰ.全生育期光照强度变化对大豆脂肪和蛋白质含量的影响

在人工控制条件下研究不同光照强度对大豆化学品质的影响,以及自开花后不同时期遮光处理大豆蛋白质、脂肪含量的变化.结果表明,光照强度对不同品质类型的大豆脂肪、蛋白质含量均有很大的影响.随着光照强度的降低,不同品质类型大豆蛋白质含量均呈上升趋势,而脂肪含量均下降,蛋白质脂肪总含量上升.品种间对光照强度变化的敏感程度不同,高蛋白品种对光照强度较迟钝,而高脂肪品种对光照强度较敏感.     

氮肥施用量对不同大豆品种产量及品质的影响

以5个不同生态类型的大豆品种为试验材料,分别施用3个不同水平的氮肥,研究种肥对5个不同基因型大豆品种产量及品质的影响。研究表明,在草甸黑钙土上施用氮肥,对大豆的产量和品质均有显著影响,且对不同品种的影响各不相同。就产量而言,增施氮肥提高了晚熟品种黑农37和早熟品种东农44的产量,降低了中熟品种东农48和东农53的产量;就品质而言,增施氮肥提高了绥农14籽粒中蛋白质含量,降低了其余4个品种籽粒中蛋白质含量,提高了黑农37籽粒中油分含量,降低了绥农14和东农48籽粒中油分含量。     

东北地区几个大豆品种的蛋白质、脂肪含量的差异

根据东北三省大豆品种区域试验 11个试点 5个参试品种的蛋白质和脂肪含量的测定结果 ,研究了各品种 (基因型 )、地点、品种×地点互作效应相对变异。结果表明 ,蛋白质含量、脂肪含量和蛋白脂肪总含量在品种间、地点间均存在极显著差异 ,而且存在品种×地点交互作用。三个品质性状均以品种效应的相对变异最大 ,品种×地点交互作用的相对变异次之 ,地点效应的相对变异最小。各品质性状的品种主效应和品种×地点交互作用有较大差异。     

Cuphea growth, yield, and oil characteristics as influenced by climate and soil environments across the upper Midwest USA

Cuphea is a potential new oilseed crop rich in medium-chain fatty acids (C8:0 to C14:0) that may serve as a renewable, biodegradable source of oil for lubricants, motor oil, and aircraft fuel. Impacts of climate and soil environment on cuphea growth and development are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of climate and soil on growth, seed yield, and seed oil characteristics of two semi-domesticated cuphea genotypes [PSR23 and HC-10 (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. × C. lanceolata W.T. Aiton)] and three wild species [Cuphea wrightii, Cuphea lutea, and C. viscosissima (VS-6-CPR-1)] that show potential for domestication. The study was conducted in 2007 and 2008 at field sites in North Dakota (ND), Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), and Illinois (IL). Cuphea PSR23 and HC-10 were direct seeded in the field, while the three wild species were transplanted. The two plantings were treated as separate experiments. Plant growth, seed yield and oil content for the two direct-seeded lines tended to be distinctly greater in MN and ND than IL and IA, which was related more to growth temperature than soil environment. The three wild species generally performed similarly across the four different environments. C. wrightii had the greatest oil content, ranging from 320 to 360 g kg⁻¹, which was comprised of 59-64% lauric acid. For each genotype, the content of its most prominent saturated medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., C10:0 or C12:0) increased with decreasing latitude of field site. Seed yields for C. wrightii and C. lutea were as high as 1116 kg ha⁻¹. Combined with relatively high seed oil contents (280-350 g kg⁻¹) these species may be good candidates for domestication. Results indicate that PSR23 and HC-10 are more regionally adapted than the wild species studied, which tended to exhibit a greater range of adaptability to climate and soil conditions.     

M型杂交大豆蛋白质和油分含量的初步分析

用M型大豆质核互作雄性不育系W931A测配的37个杂交组合的F1籽粒及其相应父本进行品质检测分析,结果表明:杂交大豆的蛋白质含量与油分含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.5628**);杂交大豆的蛋白质和油分含量与父本及中亲值相比,具有一定的正向优势,其杂种优势与父本含量的高低呈显著负相关;杂交大豆在产量大幅度提高的同时蛋白质和油分含量趋于中亲值,且比父本略有提高.     

Forage soybean production for seed in mediterranean environments

Despite several experiments on row spacings and seeding rates of grain soybeans, limited information is available on the most suitable row spacing and seeding rate for tall and robust forage type soybeans grown for seed. The objectives of this study were to investigate seed yield, oil and protein content, and several morphological traits as affected by row spacing (20, 40, 60 and 80 cm) and seeding rate (330,000, 660,000, 990,000 and 1,320,000 seeds ha⁻¹) in tall and robust forage type soybeans in three irrigated Mediterranean environments in Turkey in a randomized split plot design with three replications in 2004 and 2005. Row spacings had no significant effect on plant height but tall and profusely branched plants developed in wide row spacing and light seeding conditions. Seed yield responded positively and linearly to row spacing up to 60 cm and then decreased slightly in all locations. Seed yield was the highest at 990,000 seeds ha⁻¹ seeding rate in all three locations (3072.5 kg ha⁻¹ in Bursa LSD = 214.7 kg ha⁻¹, 3295.1 kg ha⁻¹ in Mustafakemalpasa LSD = 298.6 kg ha⁻¹ and 3311.3 kg ha⁻¹ in Samsun LSD = 321.1 kg ha⁻¹). Averaged across years, locations, row spacings, and seeding rates the mean seed yield was an impressive 3013.4 kg ha⁻¹ compare with 3500.0 kg ha⁻¹ average seed yield of grain types. Crude protein and oil content of forage type soybean were not significantly affected by row spacings and seeding rates. It was concluded that forage type soybeans can be grown for multiple purposes at the 990,000 seeds ha⁻¹ seeding rate and 60 cm row spacings in Mediterranean environments.     

脉冲核磁共振仪在大豆含油量测定中的应用

用脉冲核磁共振仪建立大豆含油量核磁共振法测定标准曲线,并进行408份大豆含油量的分析。脉冲核磁共振仪测定与国家标准索氏抽提法测定结果的相关系数r=0.9896,标准曲线为y=0.9632x 0.7937。与索氏抽提法相比,具有简便快速、安全、不损伤种子且不需烘干样品等优点。在大豆品种改良、收购及加工利用和进出口贸易等领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

灌水对大豆产量及化学品质的影响

采用田间小区试验,研究灌水对高油大豆和高蛋白大豆品种产量和品质的影响.试验结果表明,灌水使高油大豆的产量略有提高,较对照增产1.9%,对高蛋白大豆产量未表现出增产效果.灌水对不同品质的大豆蛋白质和脂肪含量影响不同,灌水可提高高油大豆品种脂肪含量,降低蛋白质含量.相反,灌水提高高蛋白大豆品种蛋白质含量,降低脂肪含量.     

大豆单株蛋白质产量与蛋白质含量及产量因素的相关分析

本研究用9个品种,按完全随机区组设计进行相关与通径分析。结果表明,单株蛋白质产量与蛋白质含量的负相关达到显著(表型)和极显著(遗传型)程度。单株蛋白质产量与单株籽粒产量、单株粒数的表现型、遗传型和环境型正相关都达到极显著水准。在选育高蛋白质产量的品种时应重视籽粒产量因素。     

不同种衣剂对大豆产量及品质的影响

2006-2007年采用5种生产上不同类型种衣剂处理高油大豆品种垦农19进行田间试验,研究对大豆生长发育及产量和品质的作用.结果表明,增加了株高和根瘤数,有一定的增产作用并对粗蛋白质、粗脂肪的影响不明显.各处理增产幅度2%～16%, 处理C(火秧灭2号)、D(施特灵)比对照分别增产16%、12%,其中处理C比对照增产显著.不同种衣剂处理蛋白质含量相差0.7个百分点,脂肪含量相差0.2个百分点,差异不显著.     

Effects of soybean genotype and growing location on oil and fatty acids in tofu

Soyfood products like tofu are becoming popular among American consumers due to health benefits. In order to increase production to meet consumer demands, it is imperative that factors that effect quantity and quality of tofu be characterized. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of soybean genotypes and growing locations on contents of oil and fatty acids in tofu which was prepared from twelve soybean genotypes (BARC-8, BARC-9, Enrei, Hutcheson, MD86-5788, Nakasennari, S90-1056, Suzuyutaka, V71-370, V81-1603, Ware, and York) grown at three southern U.S. locations (Huntsville, Alabama; Princess Anne, Maryland; and Petersburg, Virginia) during 1995. The results showed that tofu quality was determined by the soybean genotype. The tofu made from seeds of high seed-protein and low seed-oil genotypes (BARC-8 and BARC-9) resulted in tofu with low contents of oil (15.8 and 11.3 g/100g, respectively) and total saturated fatty acids (2.59 and 160 g/100g, respectively). Tofu made from seeds of conventional grain type genotypes, such as Hutcheson, resulted in higher oil (24.0 g/100g) and total saturated fatty acids (3.80 g/100g) contents in tofu. Effects of growing environment on contents of oil were not significant but tofu made from seeds grown in Alabama had significantly higher content of total saturated fatty acids (3.50 g/100g) as compared to that made from seeds grown in Maryland (2.88 g/100g) or Virginia (2.96 g/100g). Tofu made from seeds of large and medium-seeded genotypes had higher contents of total monounsaturated fatty acids in tofu as compared to that made from small-seeded genotypes. Highly positive correlation existed between contents of oil, 18:1, 18:2, total saturated, and total unsaturated fatty acids in the seeds and their contents in the tofu (+0.80, +0.75, +0.79, +0.62, +0.68, respectively). These results indicated that tofu quality is governed by soybean genotype, seed size and growing location.     

大豆种质资源蛋白质及脂肪含量的聚类及相关性分析

采用辽宁省农科院种质资源圃的45份大豆种质资源,进行蛋白质及脂肪含量的测定,并对其进行相关及聚类分析。结果表明:45份大豆品种的蛋白质含量在39.86%~47.37%之间,平均值为43.34%,变异幅度为7.51%;供试品种的脂肪含量在17.58%~22.08%之间,平均含量为20.52%,变异幅度为4.50%;供试品种蛋脂总量变异范围在60.15%~66.69%之间,平均值为63.86%,变异幅度为6.54%。大豆蛋白质含量与脂肪含量间存在极显著的负相关,相关系数为-0.675**,蛋白质与脂肪含量的关系为:y=-0.3461x+35.521(39相似文献   

大豆籽粒不同发育时期基因表达谱分析

以花后15DAF(开花后天数)的大豆籽粒作为对照,通过Solexa高通量测序方法对花后35DAF、55DAF和65DAF的大豆籽粒进行转录水平上的检测,并结合GO功能注释和pathway分析,共有差异表达unigene为9 905个,其中调控脂肪酸合成途径的显著差异表达基因12个,蛋氨酸代谢途径关键基因6个。以55DAF的cDNA为样本,荧光定量PCR检测了12个差异表达基因,其结果可与测序结果互为印证。     

氮磷钾肥对大豆脂肪含量的效应

采用正交回归旋转设计方法，建立了氮、磷、钾肥对大豆脂肪含量的综合作用模型。根据该模型探讨氮、磷、钾肥对大豆脂肪含量影响的规律。氮、磷、钾肥对大豆脂肪含量的单因素效应、二因素互作效应受到其它因素水平的影响。氮肥对脂肪含量的影响均为增加效应，增加速度随着氮肥编码值增高而加快。磷肥和钾肥对脂肪含量的作用有正有负。获得绥农14号大豆品种21.5%以上的脂肪含量，相应的施肥措施为：施N量为0.07～0.13 g/kg，施P2O5量为0.11～0.37 g/kg，施K2O量为0.04～0.10 g/kg，采用这个比例施肥有95%的可能使大豆品种绥农14的脂肪含量高于21.5%。     

吉林省不同年代育成大豆品种某些农艺性状的变化

两年来对吉林省1923~2005年生产上主推的16个大豆品种的生物量、产量、收获指数以及种子蛋白质、脂肪含量的研究表明:大豆植株的生物量从苗期到R6期逐渐增加,R6期达到最大值,然后下降,老品种比现代品种下降速度快。大豆品种的生物量、产量和收获指数均随育成年代呈线性增加,其中产量和收获指数平均每年分别增加14.84kg/hm2(1.27%)和0.23%。种子脂肪含量随育成年代增加,平均每年增加0.04%;而蛋白质含量随年代降低,平均每年下降0.06%。产量与生物量和收获指数呈显著正相关(P<0.05);与种子脂肪含量呈正相关,与蛋白质含量呈负相关,但不显著。本文结果表明,大豆育种工作者以高产为选择目标的同时使生物量和收获指数得到提高。生物量和收获指数可以作为高产品种选育的指标。     

菜籽粕筛分质量探究

对经膨化工艺加工和经普通工艺加工的菜粕通过20目、40目、60目筛分,测试分析菜粕不同粒径颗粒的含油量和蛋白质含量。结果表明,菜粕的颗粒越细,则含油量越低,蛋白质含量越高,并对造成这种差异的原因进行了讨论分析,为菜籽加工和菜粕的综合利用提供依据。     

从科技进步谈黑龙江省大豆产量的提高和增产潜力

黑龙江省依靠科技进步大豆产量连年稳步提高,2005年较2001年总面积增加了134.6万hm2,总产增加371万t,单产提高381.6kg/hm2,并出现了一批高产典型,充分显示了大豆增产的潜力。本文还对连续增产的原因进行了分析,提出了提高大豆产量的途径。