营林技术措施对马尾松毛虫灾害影响的研究

营林技术措施控制松毛虫灾害的研究结果表明：营林技术措施对松毛虫灾害有明显的控制作用，直接影响了森林生态系统，包括对森林植物群落、森林小气候、昆虫及其它动物群落产生影响；并可使树木生理发生变化，诱发林木的抗虫性，从而达到控制马尾松毛虫灾害的目的。     

尖峰岭热带山地雨林中食叶昆虫食叶量测试

在尖峰岭热带山地雨林，对食叶昆虫食叶量测试，供试验种计有２７科５０种。所得结果表明：昆虫食叶面积或重量百分率，各树种变动幅度在０．４５％－２８．０１％之间，平均为７．７１％，这种食叶量水平，对林木生长并无影响。但食叶昆虫的存在，对热带森生态系统来说，在维持生物群落动态平均方面，起着积极作用。     

尖峰岭热带山地雨林中食叶昆虫食叶量测试

在尖峰岭热带山地雨林中,对食叶昆虫食叶量测试,供试树种计有27科50种。所得结果表明:昆虫食叶面积或重量百分率,各树种变动幅度在0.45％～28.01％之间,平均为7.71％,这种食叶量水平,对林木生长并无影响。但食叶昆虫的存在,对热带森林生态系统来说,在维持生物群落动态平衡方面,起着积极作用。     

经济林害虫发生现状与趋势

选择安徽省28种主栽及名特经济树种为主要对象,经过1988年至1995年8年的调查研究,探明当前各经济树种害虫种类、发生现状与趋势。在28种经济树种上查出害虫1074种,其中危害程度轻微、中等、严重的害虫分别为868种、137种和69种,分别占害虫总数的80.8%、12.8%和6.4%。经济林害虫垂直结构为食叶害虫（626种）>枝梢害虫（290种）>蛀干害虫（78种）>果实害虫（43种）>根部害虫（37种）。害虫总体发生率78.0%,其中危害轻微、中等和严重的发生率分别为41.3%、22.3%和14.4%。分析提出现阶段害虫发生类型。     

子午岭林区林虫发生特点与防治对策

根据子午岭林区林虫区系组成和区划特征，结合主要树种害虫危害特点，提出了预防和除治子午岭林区森林害虫的3项措施。     

林木抗虫育种研究进展

近几年,林木抗虫育种发展较快,由最初的常规育种（选择和杂交）向常规育种和生物技术相结合的方向发展,作为抗虫育种关键环节的抗虫性鉴定（人工接虫技术）的研究已经开始系统而深入地开展起来,林木抗虫机制（林木防卫反应、抗虫化学物质、遗传机理等）的研究成绩显着,林木抗虫基因工程已成为抗虫育种的重要方向之一。     

FJ-MA-02引诱剂林间松墨天牛引诱效果及活虫捕捉器的研制

研制开发的FJ-Ma-0 2松墨天牛引诱剂 ,在福州国家森林公园低密度虫口的松阔混交林内 ,当年新诱捕点每个诱捕器平均引诱到 1 1 9 3头松墨天牛 ,其中 46 48%为雌成虫 ,平均每头雌虫怀卵量为 3 7 82粒。在福建中部地区诱虫高峰时间为 5— 8月。在诱虫点周围翌年虫口数量可降低 2 3。研制的活虫捕捉器 ,通过简单原理可直接捕捉活虫 ,其活虫可供各种试验使用。     

Insect Herbivore Responses to Management Practices in Conifer Forests in North America

ABSTRACT

Pine-dominated forests in southeastern North America and at low-to-mid elevations in western North America historically were characterized by frequent, low-intensity fire that maintained wide spacing of site-adapted tree species, conditions that optimized biochemical defenses of trees and dispersal distances of herbivorous insects. Mixed conifer forests at higher elevations were wetter, denser, and characterized by infrequent stand-replacing fire and relatively isolated insect outbreaks. Increased density and altered tree species composition in managed forests have increased forest vulnerability to extensive outbreaks of bark beetles and defoliators. Herbivore-generated tree mortality and litter accumulation increase the likelihood of catastrophic fire. Management practices that produce an appropriate mixture of site-adapted tree species and wide host spacing are recommended to minimize the negative effects of herbivorous insects and fire. However, the creation of stumps, as a result of mechanical thinning, can favor lower-bole and root-colonizing insects that also may vector root diseases.     

混交林和树种间关系的研究现状

以往人工林营造以单纯林为主,造成病、虫、火等灾害严重,林地生产能力衰退等弊端,这引起念来愈多的造林学家、生态学家和病虫害学家的关注。混交林和树种间相互关系的研究进展很快。本文从混交林的生态效益、防护效益和社会效益,混交林的造林技术以及混交林内树种间在生物化学、生物波、生物量和营养元素循环等方面的相互关系出发,阐述了国内外混交林营造及其机理研究的概况。     

The Role of Nutrition in the Health of Inland Western Forests

In this paper we present evidence supporting the premise that forest nutrition, nutrient cycling and nutrient management are critical factors for the health of Inland Western forests and for management of the ecosystems. The current state of knowledge suggests that inadequate tree nutrition, particularly potassium shortage, influences tree chemistry such that inadequate plant defensive compounds are produced. Pathogens and insects are unusually successful in attacking such trees. Forest managers have substantial influence on the forest nutritional environment through nearly all types of silvicultural treatments.