超长钝顶螺旋藻的选育及形态和生长特性初步研究

用组织匀浆破碎和离心沉降法制备和分离出钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)Sp-Z 的单细胞或少于5个细胞的片段,并用60Coγ射线辐照处理,半致死剂量为1.2 kGy.在2.4kGy的处理组中,筛选出4株藻丝长度、螺旋数、螺旋长分别为Sp-Z的15、10和1.8倍的超长钝顶螺旋藻突变体Sp-Z(E.L).Sp-Z的生长曲线几乎呈直线型,而Sp-Z(E.L)的生长曲线则呈较明显的"S"形.在室外培养时,Sp-Z(E.L)的产量比Sp-Z高11.7%.     

光合作用促进剂对螺旋藻产量及多糖含量的影响

在螺旋藻培养液中添加光合作用促进剂(ME)测定螺旋藻的生长速度和生物量,提取螺旋藻粗多糖并测定其含量,结果表明光合作用促进剂能提高螺旋藻生长速度,缩短螺旋藻的培养周期,并能提高螺旋藻多糖含量.     

光合作用促进剂对螺旋藻产量及多糖含量的影响

在螺旋藻培养液中添加光合作用促进剂（ME）测定螺旋藻的生长速度和生物量,提取螺旋藻粗多糖并测定其含量,结果表明光合作用促进剂能提高螺旋藻生长速度,缩短螺旋藻的培养周期,并能提高螺旋藻多糖含量。     

螺旋藻对不同COD浓度养虾用水氮磷去除特点及其机理分析

本文研究了螺旋藻在不同盐度养虾用水和不同螺旋藻投入量对不同ＣＯＤ浓度污水中的Ｎ、Ｐ去除特点和原因。     

螺旋藻的适宜生态环境与工程措施

本文在介绍螺旋藻的利用价值和适宜生态环境的基础上,提出了相应的工程措施,为在我国大力发展螺旋藻养殖、提高生物产量提供了依据。     

螺旋藻富集同化无机硒研究

以亚硒酸钠做为螺旋藻富硒的来源，研究了亚硒酸钠梯度浓度对钝顶螺旋藻（Spirulinaplatensis）生长及其富硒量的影响，并采用75Se标记的Na2SeO3示踪方法，对富硒螺旋藻含硒成分进行了研究。结果表明，当硒浓度超过360g／mL时，螺旋藻的生长即受抑制，硒浓度为46g／mL时，表现出促进螺旋藻生长的趋势，而硒浓度为184g／mL时，螺旋藻可达到最高富硒量，平均为659.9ng／mg。富硒螺旋藻中结合在大分子上的有机硒达到70％以上，其中主要是含硒蛋白质，含量可达50％以上，主要以硒代蛋氨酸和硒代半胱氨酸形式存在，分别占含硒蛋白的40％和20％。     

亚硒酸钠浓度对螺旋藻生长及富硒量的影响

以亚硒酸钠做为螺旋藻富硒的来源，研究了亚硒酸钠梯度浓度对钝顶螺旋藻生长及富硒量的影响。结果表明：当硒浓度超过３６０ｕｇ／ｍｌ时，螺旋藻的生长即受抑制，硒浓度为４６ｕｇ／ｍｌ时，表现出促进螺旋藻生长的趋势，而硒浓度为１８４ｕｇ／ｍｌ时，螺旋藻可达到最高富硒量，平均为６５９．９ｎｇ／ｎｇ。     

螺旋藻的电离辐射抗性及与多糖含量的关系

螺旋藻 ;藻丝体 ;细胞 ;抗辐射 ;多糖分别研究了螺旋藻Ss V、Sp F、Sp Z和Sp D完整藻丝体、去鞘藻丝体与细胞对6 0 Coγ射线的抗辐射能力 ,以及各材料的多糖含量与其辐射抗性的关系。结果表明 ,4株螺旋藻均具很强的抗电离辐射能力 ,但它们的辐射抗性明显不同 ,Ss V >Sp F >Sp Z >Sp D ;各材料的多糖含量与其辐射抗性呈显著正相关 ,提示螺旋藻多糖具有提高并维持藻体本身超强辐射抗性的重要作用。     

辐照螺旋藻粉的杀菌效果对营养活性成分的影响

研究了60Coγ射线辐照螺旋藻粉的杀菌效果及对其主要营养活性成分、矿物质、维生素、氨基酸含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响。结果表明:经6.0 kGy辐照处理后,螺旋藻粉样品中微生物指标均达到国家标准。当剂量为4.0~8.0 kGy时,对螺旋藻中矿物质(除Se)和氨基酸含量无显著影响;螺旋藻中多糖含量随剂量增加有所增加,经6.0和8.0 kGy辐照后多糖分别增加了9%和27.2%;SOD、POD活性在辐照后有所降低,藻胆蛋白、藻蓝蛋白和维生素含量则明显下降;剂量达6 kGy以上时,藻胆蛋白和藻蓝蛋白含量显著低于对照;4.0、6.0、8.0 kGy剂量辐照后VC分别减少了40.6%、62.8%和14.1%,VA分别减少了36.3%、17.6%和17.0%,VE分别减少了25.8%、61.7%和52.6%。综合试验结果,提出螺旋藻粉辐照杀菌的适宜剂量范围为4.0~6.0 kGy。     

利用松嫩平原苏打盐碱土区水资源做螺旋藻培养液的研究初报

螺旋藻富含高蛋白、氨基酸、维生素、不饱和脂肪酸等人类营养、保健品，是联合国向二十世纪推荐最理想的保健食品．适于在光照长、高温碱性水液环境中生长．松嫩平原约有１００余万亩无污染未利用适于螺旋藻成长　的苏打盐泡及浅层苏打地下水，通过引种、扩大试种，每平方米培养液可获螺旋藻干粉６－７．５ｇ，投入产出比约为１∶３．     

Gelation of edible blue-green algae protein isolate (Spirulina platensis Strain Pacifica): thermal transitions, rheological properties, and molecular forces involved

Proteins isolated from blue-green algae Spirulina platensis strain Pacifica were characterized by visible absorption, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), viscometry, and dynamic oscillatory rheological measurements. Unique thermal unfolding, denaturation, aggregation, and gelation of the algal protein isolate are presented. DSC analysis showed that thermal transitions occur at about 67 and 109 degrees C at neutral pH. Calcium chloride stabilized the quaternary structure against denaturation and shifted the transitions at higher temperatures. Viscometric studies of Spirulina protein isolate as a function of temperature showed that the onset of the viscosity increase is closely related to the dissociation-denaturation process. Lower viscosities were observed for the protein solutions dissolved at pH 9 due to an increased protein solubility. Solutions of Spirulina protein isolate form elastic gels during heating to 90 degrees C. Subsequent cooling at ambient temperatures caused a further pronounced increase in the elastic moduli and network elasticity. Spirulina protein isolate has good gelling properties with fairly low minimum critical gelling concentrations of about 1.5 and 2.5 wt % in 0.1 M Tris buffer, pH 7, and with 0.02 M CaCl(2) in the same buffer, respectively. It is suggested that mainly the interactions of exposed hydrophobic regions generate the molecular association, initial aggregation, and gelation of the protein isolate during the thermal treatment. Hydrogen bonds reinforce the network rigidity of the protein on cooling and further stabilize the structure of Spirulina protein gels but alone are not sufficient to form a network structure. Intermolecular sulfhydryl and disulfide bonds were found to play a minor role for the network strength of Spirulina protein gels but affect the elasticity of the structures formed. Both time and temperature at isothermal heat-induced gelation within 40-80 degrees C affect substantially the network formation and the development of elastic modulus of Spirulina protein gels. This is also attributed to the strong temperature dependence of hydrophobic interactions. The aggregation, denaturation, and gelation properties of Spirulina algal protein isolate are likely to be controlled from protein-protein complexes rather than individual protein molecules.     

γ射线对钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)的生物学效应

用Cor线照的常状体群体,率是300krud,是示了100krad以下量可以的生长,用超声波把螺单位死剂量是100krad,致,单隹死剂量是100krad,致死剂量是2krad,在100krad对的细总代中,大细长的细胞系,     

iPLS-SPA变量选择方法在螺旋藻粉无损检测中的应用

该文研究了基于可见-近红外光谱技术的螺旋藻粉类别无损检测方法。采用簇类独立软模式法（SIMCA）建立可见-近红外光谱模型。全波段光谱所建立的模型得到了93.33%的预测集正确率。文章提出了基于间隔偏最小二乘法（iPLS）和连续投影算法（SPA）的组合光谱变量选择方法进行有效波长的选择。该方法从全波段675个变量中选择了5个最优的有效波段,并且得到了96.67%的预测集正确率。和基于全波段光谱、可见光波段光谱和近红外波段光谱进行SPA运算相比,基于iPLS的SPA运算可以有效减少计算时间。研究表明可见-近红外光谱可以用于对螺旋藻粉类别进行无损检测,同时iPLS-SPA是一个有效的光谱变量选择方法。     

菌根性食用菌研究概况

本文概述了菌根性食用菌的研究现状和开发利用情况，特别近１０年来在驯化培养、土壤接种、生理生化等方面的研究状况。     

Inactive corrinoid-compound significantly decreases in Spirulina platensis grown in a cobalt-deficient medium.

Spirulina platensis NIES-39 was grown under open culture system in the presence or absence of CoSO(4) (12 microg/L) and/or vitamin B(12) (10 microg/L) to confirm whether CoSO(4) and/or vitamin B(12) stimulate or are essential for growth of the algal cells and for accumulation of vitamin B(12). The addition of CoSO(4) and/or vitamin B(12) could not affect both cell growth and cell yield of the alga. The amount of corrinoid-compound was increased significantly by the addition of CoSO(4) but not by vitamin B(12). A C18 reversed-phase HPLC pattern of the Spirulina corrinoid-compound increased by the addition of CoSO(4) was identical to that of authentic pseudovitamin B(12), which is inactive for human. These results indicate that the algal cells grown in the absence of CoSO(4) are suitable for use of human health foods because the inactive corrinoid-compound can be reduced significantly.     

黄河上游北川河流域种子植物的区系特征

 北川河流域位居黄河上游地区,生态地位十分重要。流域内有种子植物74科、357属、1006种(含变种、变型)。流域内种子植物区系地理成分复杂多样,种子植物属有12个分布区类型和14个变型,与中国种子植物属的15个分布区类型、31个变型相比,分别占到80．0％和45．2％,类型较为齐全,变型也相当丰富。温带分布的属数及其所占的比例,在该区各分布类型中具有明显优势,其中尤以北温带分布类型更为显著,计有117属,占本区种子植物总属数的32．8％,占全国该类型分布的54．9％。该区植物区系的基本性质是以北温带为主。区系分区归属于泛北极植物区青藏高原植物亚区唐古特地区。植物区系成分的研究,为合理开发、利用、保护当地植物资源,开展科学引种提供了充分的依据。     

Selenium-containing allophycocyanin purified from selenium-enriched Spirulina platensis attenuates AAPH-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes through inhibition of ROS generation

Both selenium and allophycocyanin (APC) have been reported to show novel antioxidant activities. In this study, a fast protein liquid chromatographic method for purification of selenium-containing allophycocyanin (Se-APC) from selenium-enriched Spirulina platensis and the protective effect of Se-APC on 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative stress have been described. After fractionation by ammonium sulfate precipitation, and separation by DEAE-Sepharose ion-exchange and Sephacryl S-300 size exclusion chromatography, Se-APC with purity ratio (A652/A280) of 5.30 and Se concentration of 343.02 μg g(-1) protein was obtained. Se-APC exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than APC by scavenging ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) and AAPH free radicals. The oxidative hemolysis and morphological changes induced by AAPH in human erythrocytes were effectively reversed by coincubation with Se-APC. Lipid oxidation induced by the pro-oxidant agent cupric chloride in human plasma, as evaluated by formation of conjugated diene, was blocked by Se-APC. The accumulation of malondialdehyde, loss of reduced glutathione, and increase in enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase and reductase induced by AAPH in human erythrocytes were effectively suppressed by Se-APC. Furthermore, Se-APC significantly prevented AAPH-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Taken together, our results suggest that Se-APC demonstrates application potential in treatment of diseases in which excess production of ROS acts as a casual or contributory factor.     

我国现代奶牛养殖小区组织模式及其演化分析

针对目前中国各地奶牛养殖小区组织发展过程中存在的问题,采用系统学和组织行为学的分析方法,研究了现行奶牛养殖小区组织构成及发展趋势,界定了4种主要组织模式,并对这4种主要组织模式的特征及其优缺点进行了比较分析,进而提出了未来奶牛养殖小区组织模式演化的方向,并探讨了不同演化方向所产生的效应。