小承气散对便秘母猪肠道菌群的影响

【目的】研究小承气散对便秘母猪肠道微生物菌群的影响,探讨其改善便秘的机制。【方法】选取27头经产二元母猪(大白猪×长白猪,3～5胎),依据排便情况分为健康对照组、便秘组和试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复3头。健康对照组和便秘组正常饲喂,试验组按60 g/(头·d)的剂量在饲料中添加小承气散,每天1次,连续3 d,第4天采集各组母猪新鲜粪便样品,提取微生物基因组总DNA,采用Illumina MiSeq测序技术检测样品微生物群落多样性。【结果】便秘组母猪粪便中微生物菌群发生显著改变,与健康对照组和试验组的Simpson指数差异显著(P<0.05)。在门水平上,与健康对照组相比,便秘组母猪肠道微生物中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)显著减少(P<0.05),变形菌门(Proteobacteria)极显著增加(P<0.01);与便秘组相比,试验组母猪肠道微生物中拟杆菌门显著增加(P<0.05),厚壁菌门有增加的趋势(P>0.05),变形菌门极显著减少(P<0.01)。在属水平上,与健康对照组相比,便秘组母猪肠道微生物中...     

不同粗纤维源日粮对梅花鹿瘤胃微生物区系的影响

为了研究不同粗纤维源日粮对梅花鹿瘤胃微生物区系的影响,选择6头健康公鹿分成A,B 2组,每组3头,分别以玉米秸秆和柞树叶作为粗纤维源,试验时期为2个月。瘤胃穿刺采集瘤胃液,通过焦磷酸高通量测序技术进行瘤胃微生物多样性分析。结果表明A组微生物多样性大于B组,2组间微生物群落结构存在明显差异:A组以拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为优势菌门,2者约占瘤胃微生物总数量的80%以上;而B组的主要菌门为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria),占瘤胃中微生物中总数量的90%以上。即不同粗纤维源日粮对瘤胃微生物区系产生明显影响。     

枸芪多糖对育肥猪肠道菌群多样性及组成的影响北大核心CSCD

本试验旨在研究枸芪多糖对育肥猪肠道菌群多样性及组成的影响。选用180头80日龄的健康育肥猪,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复15头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加1‰的枸芪多糖,试验期为3个月。采集育肥猪盲肠内容物,提取样本中细菌基因组DNA,进行16S rDNA基因高通量测序。结果显示:1)试验组肠道菌群的Ace指数、Chao指数和Shannon指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)在门水平上2组的两大优势菌均为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),对照组梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)及梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)的相对丰度显著高于试验组(P<0.05),互养菌门(Synergistetes)及互养菌属(Synergistes)的相对丰度显著低于试验组(P<0.05)。3) 2组在属水平上的优势菌均为拟杆菌属(Bacteroides),试验组巨单胞菌属(Megamonas)和螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)的相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此得出,饲粮中添加枸芪多糖可提高育肥猪肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性,通过促进有益菌厚壁菌门、互养菌门与抑制有害菌变形菌门、梭杆菌属和螺杆菌属的增殖优化肠道菌群平衡,建立更健康的肠道菌群结构。     

莱芜仔猪肠道菌群组成初步分析

猪的肠道菌群组成与种类及健康状态密切相关,研究健康、品种优良的猪的肠道菌群组成对于养猪业的发展具有积极意义。本研究采用16SrRNA高通量测序方法对10日龄莱芜哺乳仔猪腹泻仔猪的粪便进行测序分析。结果显示,健康仔猪共有优势菌门为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）,共有优势菌属为乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）;腹泻仔猪共有优势菌门为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）,共有优势菌属为乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）。此外,两组比较,Lactobacillus、Escherichia-Shigella、Prevotella＿9、Fusobacterium、Prevotellaceae属在腹泻仔猪组丰度水平高,而Acinetobacter、Jeotgalibaca、Treponema＿2、Psychrobacter属在健康仔猪组丰度水平高。本研究结果为莱芜猪肠道菌群多样性研究提供基础数据,并为后期调节肠道菌群、促进猪的健康成长提供参考依据。     

一例组合益生菌中微生物群落多样性研究

通过提取目标微生物基因组DNA,使用16S rRNA高通量测序法分析,获得一例人用益生菌16S rRNA高通量测序结果及其群落组成、Alpha多样性、Beta多样性、差异物种及其它物种间的相关性的具体信息。结果显示,此菌群主要分属于3个菌门,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是主要菌群,占比84.79%,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)分别占7.8%、6.35%。这些菌群的主要功能有调节肠道功能,而且与宿主的脂肪代谢有很大关联,同时变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门等菌群可能与肠道炎症的缓解相关。     

日粮添加乳铁蛋白对断奶仔猪肠道微生物多样性的影响

旨在研究日粮添加乳铁蛋白对断奶仔猪肠道微生物多样性的影响。试验选用断奶滇太仔猪12头,初始体重为(6.12±0.54)kg,随机分为对照组、杆菌肽组和乳铁蛋白组。对照组饲喂基础日粮;杆菌肽组在基础日粮中添加0.5 g·kg^-1杆菌肽预混剂;乳铁蛋白组在基础日粮中添加150 mg·kg^-1乳铁蛋白,试验期28 d。采集试验第7、21、28天仔猪粪便,通过细菌16S rRNA基因高通量测序检测粪便微生物多样性。结果表明,各组断奶仔猪肠道微生物多样性没有显著差异(P>0.05)。在门水平上,第7、21、28天肠道优势菌为厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门,试验第7天时,各组间厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门相对丰度无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,乳铁蛋白组厚壁菌门相对丰度降低1.43%,拟杆菌门相对丰度增加16.4%;试验第21天时,乳铁蛋白组与其余两组相比,厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门相对丰度无显著差异(P>0.05),但与对照组相比,厚壁菌门相对丰度降低16.4%,拟杆菌门相对丰度增加34.1%。试验第28天时,与对照组相比,乳铁蛋白组厚壁菌门相对丰度显著...     

不同日龄家兔肠道微生物群落结构

采用Miseq2×300测序平台对29,45,60日龄3个阶段的断奶幼兔,共30个粪便样品中的菌群16S rDNA V3和V4可变区进行了高通量测序和分析。结果显示:在不同的日龄间ACE指数和Chao1指数差异显著(P<0.05),Shannon指数和Simpson指数差异不显著(P>0.05),说明随着日龄的增大断奶兔肠道中的微生物群落丰度大量增加,但是菌群多样性并没有显著增加,表明在幼兔断奶时肠道微生物已经完成了定植。在门水平上,肠道微生物群落主要由厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门和放线菌门组成,其中变形菌门、拟杆菌门和疣微菌门在幼兔的生长过程中丰度有显著性变化。聚类热图的结果显示断奶幼兔肠道微生物群落结构的变化是随着日龄的变化而逐渐变化。     

仔猪不同发育阶段结肠微生物菌群特征分析

旨在通过高通量测序技术比较马身猪与晋汾白猪不同生长发育阶段结肠微生物菌群结构与特征的差异。本研究以马身猪和晋汾白猪为试验对象,分别在仔猪1、28和70日龄3个阶段随机挑选体重相近的3头公猪,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对结肠微生物多样性进行研究。通过菌群分类学分析发现,两个品种仔猪肠道微生物分布于15个门、28个纲、59个目、100个科、290个属。厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门为优势菌门,平均所占比例分别为49.03%、31.94%。仔猪刚出生时品种间肠道微生物多样性差异不显著,随着仔猪生长发育,各品种微生物多样性出现极显著升高,在晋汾白猪仔猪保育阶段(28～70 d)基本趋于稳定。两品种仔猪不同阶段的特异菌群随着日龄增加出现显著差异。关联分析发现,肠道菌群与血清中内毒素(LPS)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)浓度之间存在显著相关性(P0.05),而与二胺氧化酶(DAO)和D-乳酸(D-LA)浓度相关性不显著(P0.05)。不同品种间,与LPS、TNF-α、IL-6显著相关的结肠微生物菌群存在差异。综上表明,仔猪结肠微生物菌群结构与组成在不同品种、不同生长发育阶段均存在显著差异,对仔猪免疫性能具有重要作用。     

民猪与大白猪肠道菌群的比较研究

民猪是我国一个著名的地方猪种,属于脂肪型猪种。而大白猪起源于欧洲,是瘦肉型猪种。通过比较这2个不同猪种间肠道微生物菌群的差异,分析它们在消化吸收上的异同点。首先针对16S r DNA V4区设计引物,对来自于5头大白猪和5头民猪的粪便基因组进行PCR扩增,利用Illumina Hiseq2000测序平台进行测序,数据经优化整理后,进行OTU聚类分析,并在门、纲、目、科和属共计5个水平上进行分类学统计。结果表明:共获得421~460 bp序列298 768条,占总数的99.98%。2组间共有OTU 885个,大白猪特有OTU 69个,民猪特有OTU 221个。共检测到25个门,其中拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、螺旋菌门(Spirochaetae)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)占优势,民猪和大白猪之间具有大致相同的门水平分布。在检测到的207个属中,普氏菌属(Prevotella)和密螺旋体属(Treponema)的相对丰度值在2个猪种内均较高。而大白猪的厌氧弧菌属(Anaerovibrio)和梭菌属(Clostridium)分别比民猪猪高出4.5倍和3.4倍,民猪的纤维杆菌属(Fibrobacter)、螺旋体属(Spirochaeta)和密螺旋体属(Treponema)比大白猪分别高出3.7倍、1.6倍和1.7倍。由此推测,民猪肠道内纤维杆菌属的高表达可能与其易消化粗纤维饲料有关。     

猪不同发育阶段肠道微生物菌群特征分析

为研究不同生长发育阶段猪肠道微生物菌群结构与特征的差异,本研究将50头28日龄体重8 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪随机分为5栏,分别在第60、90、120、150、180日龄饲喂前,从每栏随机挑选5头猪,每头采取100 g左右的新鲜粪样,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对微生物多样性进行研究。结果显示:通过菌群分类学分析发现,不同时期猪肠道微生物分布于22个门、42个纲、74个目、119个科、321个属和579个种,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroides)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetae)为主要优势菌门,不同时期的特异菌群显著差异;对丰度值前30的肠道菌群与血液免疫抗体浓度进行相关性关联分析发现,IL-2浓度与12个菌群存在显著相关性,IL-6浓度与14个菌群存在显著相关性,IgG浓度与12个菌群存在显著相关性,IgM浓度与11个菌群存在显著相关性,IgA浓度与26个菌群存在显著相关性。综上表明,猪肠道微生物菌群结构与组成在不同生长发育阶段均存在显著差异,对猪免疫性能具有重要作用。     

猪肠道细菌培养组学研究进展

猪肠道菌群是由所有定殖在猪肠道里的大量细菌、病毒、真菌和古菌等构成的集合.已有研究表明,很多疾病以及猪重要经济性状都与肠道菌群有关.目前,肠道菌群研究使用较多的技术是16S rRNA基因测序和宏基因组测序,但这些技术并不能了解具体菌株的实际功能和生理特性.肠道细菌的分离培养具有特殊重要的意义.近几年来,肠道细菌的培养取...     

Chicory （Cichorium intybus L.） and cereals differently affect gut development in broiler chickens and young pigs

Dietary fiber, resistant to host-mediated digestion in the small intestine due to lack of endogenous enzymes, impacts many facets of animal health and is associated with gut development especially in young monogastrics. Furthermore, it can be used as in-feed antibiotic alternative. Chicory （Cichorium intybus L.） forage with high content of pectin （uronic acids as building blocks） is a novel class of dietary fiber that is chemically different from cereal grains （with high content of arabinoxylans）. In the present study, we investigated effects of dietary inclusion of chicory forage on digestibility, gut morphology and microbiota in broilers and young pigs. In the chicken experiment, 160 1-d old broiler chicks were fed 3 nutritionally balanced diets for 30 d including a cereal-based diet and 2 diets with part of the cereals substituted with 60 and 120 g/k9 chicory forage （CF60 and CF120], whereas in the pig experiment, 18 seven-wk old Yorkshire pigs were fed 3 diets for 18 d including a cereal-based diet and 2 diets with 80 and 160 g/kg chicory forage inclusion （CF80 and CF160）. Our results showed that young pigs were capable to utilize chicory forage well with higher total tract apparent digestibility （TTAD） of all fiber fractions, particularly uronic acid, compared with the control （P 〈 0.01）. In contrast, a decreased TTAD of all fiber fractions was observed in chickens fed on diet CF120 （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, diet induced changes in gut morphology were observed in the large intestine of chickens. The alteration of cecal mucosal thickness was further positively correlated with TTAD of non-starch polysaccharides （NSP） and its constituent sugars （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, in pigs, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） analysis of intestinal microbiota revealed substantial dietary effects （cereal control diet vs. chicory forage inclusion） on the relative abundance of 2 dominant bacterial phylotypes （Prevotella sp. vs. Roseburia sp.） respective     

Fiber effects in nutrition and gut health in pigs

Dietary fiber is associated with impaired nutrient utilization and reduced net energy values. However, fiber has to be included in the diet to maintain normal physiological functions in the digestive tract. Moreover, the negative impact of dietary fiber will be determined by the fiber properties and may differ considerably between fiber sources. Various techniques can be applied to enhance nutritional value and utilization of available feed resources. In addition, the extent of fiber utilization is affected by the age of the pig and the pig breed. The use of potential prebiotic effects of dietary fiber is an attractive way to stimulate gut health and thereby minimize the use of anti-microbial growth promoters. Inclusion of soluble non-starch polysaccharides （NSP） in the diet can stimulate the growth of commensal gut microbes, inclusion of NSP from chicory results in changes in gut micro-environment and gut morphology of pigs, while growth performance remains unaffected and digestibility was only marginally reduced. The fermentation products and pH in digesta responded to diet type and were correlated with shifts in the microbiota. Interestingly, fiber intake will have an impact on the expression of intestinal epithelial heat-shock proteins in the pig. Heat-shock proteins have an important physiological role in the gut and carry out crucial housekeeping functions in order to maintain the mucosal barrier integrity. Thus, there are increasing evidence showing that fiber can have prebiotic effects in pigs due to interactions with the gut micro-environment and the gut associated immune system.     

日粮中添加发酵饲料对育肥猪养分消化率及肠道菌群的影响

为研究日粮中添加不同水平的发酵饲料对育肥猪养分消化率及肠道菌群的影响,试验选用560头杜×长×大三元育肥猪[(75.37±2.65)kg],根据体重、性别随机分为7组,每组5个重复,每个重复16头,对照组饲喂育肥猪日粮,试验组分别在育肥猪日粮中添加5%或10%的发酵饲料A、B、C,饲喂21 d后每组选5头育肥猪肛门采集新鲜粪便测定肠道菌群多样性;并在饲喂第29天和第30天,各组每个重复连续收集粪便混合后测定养分消化率。结果表明:日粮中添加发酵饲料对育肥猪粗蛋白质、能量和干物质的消化率没有显著影响(P>0.05),相比对照组,饲喂发酵饲料组的粗蛋白质消化率有所提高(最高组提高2.9%);同时肠道菌群中乳杆菌属丰度有所增加,表明在日粮中添加一定比例的发酵饲料可以改善育肥猪养分消化率和肠道健康。     

The effects of dietary reduced mineral elements and coated cysteamine supplementation on bacterial diversity in the ileum of finishing pigs

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary partial MEs and coated cysteamine (CC) supplementation on gut microbiota in finishing pigs. Results showed that whittling down dietary partial MEs (Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn) by 20% and 40% had little effect on the microbial diversity, community structure, and bacterial relative abundance in the ileum of finishing pigs. Supplementation with 1,600 mg/kg CC also had no obvious effect on the microbial diversity, community structure, and bacterial relative abundance in the finishing pig ileum when fed diets with a normal MEs level. However, the abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae, Pasteurella, and Pasteurella_aerogenes was higher, and the abundance of Actinobacillus_minor was lower in the 20% ME reduction diet treatment than that in the 20% ME reduction with 1,600 mg/kg CC diet group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that there is no obvious effect on gut microbiota when dietary partial MEs are reduced by 20% or 40%, which indicates the feasibility of reducing dietary partial MEs by 20% or 40% in finishing pigs. Supplementation with CC changed the relative abundance of some bacteria related to opportunistic pathogenicity in the finishing pig ileum when were fed a 20% ME reduction diet.     

Effects of Bacillus subtilis CSL2 on the composition and functional diversity of the faecal microbiota of broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella Gallinarum

Background: The chicken gastrointestinal tract contains a diverse microbiota whose composition and structure play important roles in gut functionality. In this study, microbial shifts resulting from feed supplementation with Bacillus subtilis CSL2 were evaluated in broilers challenged and unchallenged with Salmonella Gallinarum. To analyse bacterial community composition and functionality, 454 GS-FLX pyrosequencing of 16 S r RNA gene amplicons was performed.Results: The Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology(QIIME) pipeline was used to analyse changes in the faecal microbiota over a 24-h period. A total of 718,204 sequences from broiler chickens were recorded and analysed. At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant bacterial taxa. In Salmonellainfected chickens(SC), Bacteroidetes were more highly abundant compared to control(NC) and Bacillus-treated(BT)chickens. At the genus level, in the NC and BT groups, Lactobacil us was present at high abundance, and the abundance of Turicibacter, unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, and Bacteroides increased in SC broilers. Furthermore, taxon-independent analysis showed that the SC and BT groups were compositional y distinct at the end of the 24-h period. Further analysis of functional properties showed that B. subtilis CSL2 administration increased gut-associated energy supply mechanisms(i.e. carbohydrate transport and metabolism) to maintain a stable microbiota and protect gut integrity.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that S. Gallinarum infection and B. subtilis CSL2 supplementation in the diet of broiler chickens influenced the diversity, composition, and functional diversity of the faecal microbiota. Moreover, the findings offer significant insights to understand potential mechanisms of Salmonel a infection and the mode of action of probiotics in broiler chickens.     

猪肠道微生物组成、影响因素及其对重要经济性状的影响研究进展

肠道微生物在调节宿主生理机能、代谢和免疫功能等方面发挥着非常重要的作用,是影响猪健康和重要经济性状表型的重要因素之一。近年来,人们对猪肠道微生物的研究和了解越来越深入,了解猪肠道微生物组成将有助于为从肠道菌群方向入手改善猪群健康和提高生产性能提供参考。作者首先综述了不同发育阶段、不同肠道部位以及主要商品猪和中国地方猪肠道核心菌群组成;其次系统总结了宿主遗传背景、饲粮种类、性别、环境以及抗生素、益生菌和饲料添加剂使用等因素对猪肠道微生物组成的影响;最后概述了猪肠道微生物主要功能及其对饲料利用率、脂肪沉积、宿主行为和免疫炎症等方面的影响。     

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and cereals differently affect gut development in broiler chickens and young pigs

Dietary fiber, resistant to host-mediated digestion in the small intestine due to lack of endogenous enzymes, impacts many facets of animal health and is associated with gut development especially in young monogastrics. Furthermore, it can be used as in-feed antibiotic alternative. Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) forage with high content of pectin (uronic acids as building blocks) is a novel class of dietary fiber that is chemically different from cereal grains (with high content of arabinoxylans). In the present study, we investigated effects of dietary inclusion of chicory forage on digestibility, gut morphology and microbiota in broilers and young pigs. In the chicken experiment, 160 1-d old broiler chicks were fed 3 nutritionally balanced diets for 30 d including a cereal-based diet and 2 diets with part of the cereals substituted with 60 and 120 g/kg chicory forage (CF60 and CF120), whereas in the pig experiment, 18 seven-wk old Yorkshire pigs were fed 3 diets for 18 d including a cereal-based diet and 2 diets with 80 and 160 g/kg chicory forage inclusion (CF80 and CF160). Our results showed that young pigs were capable to utilize chicory forage well with higher total tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) of all fiber fractions, particularly uronic acid, compared with the control (P < 0.01). In contrast, a decreased TTAD of all fiber fractions was observed in chickens fed on diet CF120 (P < 0.05). Moreover, diet induced changes in gut morphology were observed in the large intestine of chickens. The alteration of cecal mucosal thickness was further positively correlated with TTAD of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and its constituent sugars (P < 0.05). In addition, in pigs, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of intestinal microbiota revealed substantial dietary effects (cereal control diet vs. chicory forage inclusion) on the relative abundance of 2 dominant bacterial phylotypes (Prevotella sp. vs. Roseburia sp.) respectively (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our data showed that chicory forage (Cichorium intybus L.), a novel dietary fiber source in animal nutrition, have potential beneficial properties as fiber ingredient in diets for both pigs and chickens.     

高通量测序研究慢性肾衰竭对宠物犬肠道菌群多样性的影响及基因功能预测分析

旨在通过高通量测序研究慢性肾衰竭（chronic renal failure,CRF）对宠物犬肠道菌群多样性的影响,并预测分析菌群的基因功能。本研究选取30只2岁健康犬,随机等分为慢性肾衰竭模型组（CRF,肾动脉结扎法制备）、假手术对照组（Sham）和健康对照组（HCG）,常规饲养,试验周期56 d。试验过程中,定期检测血肌酐（Scr）、血尿素氮（BUN）和尿蛋白/肌酐比（UP/C）,无菌采集新鲜粪便进行细菌16S rDNA测序,分析慢性肾衰竭对犬肠道菌群结构、多样性与功能的影响,并以CRF组差异菌群为自变量进行主成分Logistic回归分析,构建菌群标志物综合指数（FMI）用于慢性肾衰竭预测。结果显示：1）从试验后第28天开始,CRF组Scr、BUN和UP/C分别显著高于自身试验前、HCG组和Sham组（P<0.05）。2） CRF组不同时间点肠道菌群有显著差异,第56天时的Chao 1指数、Shannon指数均降低,拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、变形杆菌门（Proteobacteria）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）的相对丰度增加,厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）数量减少,与0 d和28 d比较差异显著（P<0.05）,与同时间点HCB组及Sham组比较差异显著（P<0.05）。3）组间菌群LEfSe分析发现,CRF组富集了20个物种,主要包括假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、埃希氏菌属（Escherichia）和变形杆菌属（Proteus）等,这些物种与肠道其他菌属间多呈负相关关系;差异物种基因主要富集在氨基酸代谢、糖生物合成和代谢以及碳水化合物代谢等代谢途径。用这些差异物种构建的FMI,其ROC曲线AUC为0.788,可作为犬CRF的肠道微生物标志物。以上结果表明,慢性肾衰竭可以使犬肠道菌群多样性降低、菌群结构失调以及菌群功能改变,且CRF患犬肠道中富集的菌群可作为该病的肠道微生物标志物,以FMI预测效果最好。     

痛风雏鹅肠道菌群通过TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路促进肾损伤的研究

旨在研究痛风雏鹅的肠道菌群对肾损伤的影响及作用机制.本研究选取具有典型痛风特征的雏鹅15只,相同日龄及生长环境下的健康雏鹅15只,利用16S rDNA测序技术分析盲肠内容物中菌群的差异;用改良苦味酸法测定血清肌酐(Cr),用酶比色法测定血清尿酸(UA),用脲酶-谷氨酸脱氢酶法测定血清尿素氮(BUN);用RT-qPCR和...