兰州百合生态轻简化栽培技术

正兰州百合是全国唯一食药两用甜百合,也是兰州市乃至甘肃省的特色产业。七里河区是兰州百合的主要生产基地,其生产的兰州百合味道甘甜鲜美,有"兰州百合甲天下"的美誉,是广大产区农民经济收入的主要来源和七里河区广大后山农民摆脱贫困、增加收入的支柱产业。兰州百合近年来发展较快,2016年种植面积达到5.4万亩。但由于对生长条件的严苛要求,不便于机械化应用,加之青壮年劳动力大量外出,     

兰州百合优势种植区百合经济效益调查

采用四分位法,对兰州百合优势产区的兰州市西果园镇袁家湾村和堡子村农户收入调查数据进行了分析,探讨了2个村不同收入来源结构中,农户种植百合对其家庭总收入的影响。结果表明:种植百合经济效益显著,可作为兰州百合主产区农户的有效致富途径。     

石家庄太行山深山区兰州百合高产栽培技术

正石家庄太行山深山区生态环境适宜种植兰州百合,生产的百合鳞茎洁白、抱合紧密,商品性状好,每667 m~2产量1 200 kg,经济效益较当地种植传统农作物提高7倍以上。兰州百合是我国唯一的甜百合,也是甘肃省的名优特产品,2016年甘肃省兰州百合种植面积达到7 133 hm~2(10.7万亩)。但由于主产区长期沿袭传统的自然留种繁育方法,导致兰州百合种性退化,同时,长期重茬连作也导致土壤理化性状恶化、病虫害累积严重(黄钰芳,2018;赵银彦等,     

蒋卫杰博士:聚焦生产一线(二十八) 兰州百合优质栽培技术

正兰州百合栽培历史悠久,以其营养价值高和品质好等特点而成为享誉世界的兰州特产,有"兰州百合甲天下"的美誉。目前,兰州市及周边市县百合种植面积达6 667 hm~2(10万亩),当地农户在种球繁育、商品百合栽培上积累了大量经验,生产效益显著。     

松江区设施蔬菜土壤连作障碍现状及防控技术

近年来随着松江区蔬菜生产的发展和绿叶菜基地的建设,设施蔬菜面积逐年扩大.设施生产在蔬菜反季栽培、早播早栽高产等方面具有很大的作用,但由于连年种植和施肥不当等,极易加重土壤盐渍化和土传病害等连作障碍,降低蔬菜品质与产量,减少菜农收益,严重影响松江区设施蔬菜的种植.为此,我们对我区设施蔬菜连作障碍发生程度、原因和防治措施进行综合分析,明确蔬菜连作障碍的危害性,加强技术研究和蔬菜新技术推广,以有效防止和降低连作障碍危害,切实提高松江设施蔬菜安全优质高产的标准化生产水平.     

旱作区百合种植密度研究初报

为了研究旱作区不同种植密度对兰州百合产量及相关性的影响,在榆中北部山区百合生产基地,开展旱作区百合种植密度研究。结果表明,密度8 000株/667 m2产量最高,达1 058.2 kg/667 m2,种植密度为5 000株/667 m2的单株鳞茎最重,紧实度最高,鳞茎周长最长,但产量也最低。建议旱作区种植百合最佳种植密度为7 000~8 000株/667 m2。     

加入WT0对甘肃蔬菜产业的影响

1 甘肃蔬莱产业发展现状 甘肃蔬菜种植历史悠久,兰州百合、陇东黄花菜、平凉山药、武山韭菜、河西黄河蜜瓜及大板黑瓜子等闻名全国。近13年来,甘肃蔬菜产业飞速发展,品种不断增加,种植面积逐年扩大,产量连年增加,效益显著增长,呈现出产销两旺的好局面。反季节生产发展势头迅猛,无公害蔬菜生产现状良好,张掖、永昌无公害蔬菜示范县已通过鉴定验收。该省已被列入全国五大蔬菜生产基地,成为     

阜宁县西瓜嫁接高效栽培技术

江苏省阜宁县是全国重要的早熟优质西瓜生产基地。近年来受土壤连作障碍的影响,西瓜枯萎病发生普遍,严重影响了西瓜的产量和种植效益。用南瓜作砧木嫁接西瓜,可减轻枯萎病的发生程度、提高西瓜的品质和种植效益。该文从品种选择、嫁接育苗、定植、田间管理、病虫害防治、采收等方面介绍了嫁接西瓜高效栽培技术。     

东台市瓜菜粮水旱轮作高效种植模式大棚莴苣—大棚西瓜—水稻

正近年来,随着高效设施农业的发展,瓜菜种植规模逐年扩大,效益比纯粮棉油模式高得多。但由于土地流转困难,瓜菜生产基地连作障碍现象严重,这在一定程度上制约着高效设施农业的可持续发展。江苏省东台市推广的大棚莴苣—大棚西瓜—水稻是瓜菜粮轮作换茬的一种新模式,既通过水旱轮作克服了瓜菜连作障碍的影响,又通过菜粮互补     

莲藕连作障碍与防控对策

武汉市蔡甸区莲藕大面积浅水栽培始于20世纪90年代初,现常年种植面积达1万hm2,核心产区由于种植年限的延续,连作障碍日趋严重,不仅直接影响莲藕产量,而且严重影响品质和经济效益。近几年我们对莲藕连作障碍的机理进行了探讨,并在此基础上采取了一系列防控措施,取得了较好的效果。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.