糯小麦配粉对主要淀粉特性及面条品质的影响

研究了不同比例的糯小麦粉添加到一定量非糯小麦粉后对淀粉粘度仪参数和面条品质的影响。结果表明,添加糯小麦粉后,以直链淀粉含量与直/支比变化为主,而蛋白质、湿面筋、支链淀粉等成分含量与沉降值等变化较小。高峰粘度、低谷粘度、最后粘度、反弹值、糊化温度、峰值时间等粘度仪参数与蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、直链淀粉含量、直/支比等品质性状呈显著或极显著正相关,与支链淀粉含量呈极显著负相关,但这些品质性状都与稀懈值、搅拌值无显著相关。此外,还建立了面条品质预测的线性回归方程:y=443.13-6.61x1(支链淀粉含量)-251.51x2(直/支比)。     

糯小麦配粉对淀粉理化特性和面条品质的影响

研究了5个非糯小麦添加不同比例糯小麦面粉后淀粉糊化特性和面条加工品质的变化。结果表明,糯小麦面粉淀粉-碘吸收曲线与普通小麦显著不同,但与普通小麦支链淀粉-碘吸收曲线相近。糯小麦面粉淀粉理化特性与非糯小麦显著不同:直链淀粉含量较低,淀粉开始糊化早,最终粘度非常低,反弹值小,回生慢。普通小麦添加糯小麦面粉后,直链淀粉含量显著降低,但峰值粘度等指标并没有相应升高,面条品质也没有显著改善。不论添加糯麦粉与否,熟面条放置24 h或鲜面条放置72 h后其评分均显著下降,但添加糯麦粉后下降幅度减小,糯小麦加工的面条评分下降幅度更小,说明糯小麦面粉可以在一定程度上延长鲜湿面条的货架寿命。     

糯与非糯小麦配粉对馒头品质的影响

[目的]研究糯与非糯小麦配粉对馒头品质的影响.[方法]对6个非糯小麦品种品质指标间的相关性进行分析.[结果]馒头总评分与面粉白度、弱化度、衰减值呈正相关,与其他品质指标呈负相关,但都没有达到显著水平.[结论]糯小麦面粉制作馒头的评分较低,不适合制作馒头.糯小麦与非糯小麦配比为1∶9时馒头的评分最高.     

糯小麦对面粉及面条品质的影响

采用不同的配比将糯小麦粉加入到面粉中,通过测定一系列面粉指标和面条指标,以研究糯小麦配粉时面粉及面条品质的影响.结果表明:随着糯小麦粉比例的增加,支链淀粉含量、支直比、湿面筋含量和沉降值增加;直链淀粉含量、总淀粉含量及降落数值下降;面粉的峰值黏度、最终黏度与回升值都逐渐降低,而糊化温度变化不显著;面条的品质也随之改变,先变好后变差,当糯麦粉含量10%时面条的品质达到最佳;糯小麦的应用对延长面条的保质期也有一定的效果.     

青稞粉配粉对小麦粉面条品质的影响

[目的]探讨青稞全粉添加对小麦面条品质的影响,筛选出制作面条的最佳配比,为制作口感好且更具营养的面条提供依据。[方法]以强筋小麦品种济麦20和普通小麦品种济麦22为基础,将青稞全粉和小麦粉进行配粉,添加10%、15%、20%的青稞喜马拉22号的全粉形成配粉用于制作面条,研究了不同配比的混合粉制作的面条品质。[结果]青稞喜马拉22号全粉的添加降低了面条的外观品质和口感品质,与济麦20和济麦22面条相比,配粉面条的色泽、表观状况、适口性、黏弹性和光滑性等评分均降低,食味的变化较小;随喜马拉22号全粉添加比例的增加,配粉面条的总分依次降低;喜马拉22号全粉与济麦20配粉的面条品质好于济麦22配粉。[结论]10%青稞全粉与济麦20配粉的面条品质最好,青稞全粉的最适添加比例应不高于10%。     

杂粮、糯小麦与普通小麦配粉对面团特性和面条品质的影响

杂粮面条具有很好的特色风味及营养保健功能,为拓宽糯小麦的应用范围,提高面条营养价值,利用两种杂粮粉（紫薯粉和苦荞粉）、两种筋力类型糯小麦粉与特一粉配粉,分析杂粮粉和糯小麦粉对面粉的理化特性及面条品质的影响。结果表明：糯小麦杂粮配粉及面条制作中,添加紫薯粉比添加苦荞粉总淀粉含量、稳定时间低,直链淀粉含量、吸水率和面条评分高;糯小麦比例提高,总淀粉含量升高,直链淀粉含量、面粉峰值粘度和回升值下降,面条评分增加;强筋糯小麦配粉更有利于杂粮面条品质改良,以30%扬糯麦2号和15%紫薯粉配粉,面条综合评分最高。     

配粉对小麦面粉理化特性及面包、面条品质的影响

为了更好地利用与改良品质较差小麦面粉的加工品质,将面包、面条加工品质较优与较劣的面粉按不同比例进行配粉,分析不同配粉比例对面粉理化特性和面包、面条品质的影响.结果表明,配粉能够显著改善品质较劣面粉的理化特性及其加工面包、面条的品质,优质面粉添加比例为30％时就可以明显改善面粉的理化特性,添加比例为50％时面包、面条品质...     

糯小麦与普通小麦配粉粘度参数的比较研究

研究了2个糯小麦和2个普通小麦品种面粉及其配粉的粘度参数变化.结果表明,糯麦粉与普通小麦粉粘度参数存在较大差异:面粉低谷粘度、最终粘度和反弹值均以普通小麦粉较大,差异达1%显著水平;峰值粘度以普通麦粉较大,但与糯麦1号差异未达显著水平;稀懈值则以糯麦粉较大,差异达1%显著水平.随着添加糯麦粉比例的增加,配粉处理的低谷粘度、最终粘度和反弹值呈显著下降趋势,峰值粘度表现为先降低而后升高,稀懈值则呈明显上升趋势,糊化温度升高但变幅较小.配粉糊化特性的变化趋势与添加的糯小麦品种类型关系密切,糯麦1号配粉与糯麦2号配粉的变化特征明显不同;以豫农949与糯麦1号配粉效果最优,有利于改善面条品质,新麦18号与糯麦1号次之,糯麦粉添加比例以10%~20%为宜.     

旱地春小麦新品种‘西旱一号’配粉对面条品质的影响

通过‘西旱一号’与3个优质小麦品种配粉,研究小麦混配粉品质性状的变化规律及其品质性状与面条蒸煮品质之间的关系.结果表明:强筋粉能显著改善中弱筋粉的面粉品质;蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、SDS-沉淀值都与面条评分呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.697、0.579和0.488;面团流变学特性中的面团延伸性、面团筋力、面团膨胀...     

春性糯小麦新品系的选育及其品质特性分析

用3个广东当地非糯小麦品种与引进的糯小麦品系TN-1回交,成功地育成了适合本地种植的糯小麦品系.小麦的糯性在杂交后代中呈3对隐性基因独立遗传的模式,易于转移到农艺性状优良的遗传背景中.品质分析的结果表明,糯小麦含有小于2%的直链淀粉,并有较高的全蛋白质和面筋蛋白含量,集低糊化温度、高营养价值以及加工性能好的特点为一体.利用南方冬闲田种植糯小麦,可望减少冬季抛荒耕地并增加农民收入.本文还探讨了糯小麦的育种策略.     

小麦品种面粉粘度性状及其在面条品质评价中的作用

研究了４１个小麦品种面粉的快速粘度仪参数及其与面条品质的关系。结果表明,几项面粉粘度性状如高峰粘度、低谷粘度和最后粘度等分别与面条评分间呈０．００１水平显著正相关;建立了面条评分依高峰粘度的回归方程;讨论了小麦品种面条品质的预测指标等问题。为小麦杂交育种早期世代根据高峰粘度等若干粘度性状对面条品质的筛选提供了理论依据。     

Effect of Waxy Wheat Flour Blends on the Quality of Chinese Steamed Bread

Steamed bread is very popular in the East and Southeast Asian regions, and its quality is affected by some physicochemical properties. Chinese steamed bread was made by adding waxy flour into normal wheat flour in the present study. The results showed that specific volume was not affected by the proportions of waxy flour, whereas, adding waxy flour decreased the appearance, color, texture, elasticity, stickiness, and the total score of Chinese steamed bread. However, there were no significant differences in all values when the proportions of waxy flour were below 10%. All evaluations but specific volume of Chinese steamed bread were positively influenced by the peak viscosity, resistance, and maximum resistance. When the waxy flour proportions were below 25%, the firmness of Chinese steamed bread stored at -18℃ for 3 days gradually decreased with the increase of waxy flour. It was revealed that the qualities of Chinese steamed bread cannot be improved by waxy flour but it can be widely used in frozen storing food in the future.     

Effect of Waxy Wheat Flour Blends on the Quality of Fresh and Stale Bread

Starch is the major component in the wheat kernel, which is mainly composed of amylose and amylopectin. The wheat without amylose in its endosperm was called ＂waxy wheat＂. Waxy wheat can be used to adjust the amylose content and improve the wheat-based food quality by adding to non-waxy wheat flour. In order to investigate the effect of waxy wheat flour on the quality of fresh and stale bread, waxy wheat flour was added into the flour of Canadian Spring Wheat 2 at 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, and 35.0% to make breads. The physicochemical properties were adjusted to suitability by adding Yangmai 158 flour, and breads were evaluated for sensory quality, crumb firmness, loaf volume and weight loss over a period of 0, 2, 4, and 6 days. The result showed that the best total score of fresh bread was 82.9 by adding waxy flour at 7.0%, though no significant difference was found among blends with 0.0-15.0% of waxy flour. Breads with the addition of 22.0% waxy flour had lower firmness, and decreasing loss of weight. Waxy wheat flour blend at 15.0% was optimal in retarding staling without significant decreasing fresh bread quality in comparison to the control.     

糯性普通小麦的选育及其淀粉品质

普通小麦胚乳淀粉一般由20%~30%的直链淀粉和70%~80%的支链淀粉组成。在自然界,大多数禾谷类作物,如玉米、水稻、高粱等均存在直链淀粉含量几乎为0的糯性类型。普通小麦是异源六倍体,迄今为止尚未发现自然界存在糯性小麦。由于小麦淀粉的构成及品质与面条品质关系密切,在发达国     

Score System Study for Hand-Extended Noodle Quality Based on HMW-GS Index in Wheat Flour

Hand-extended noodle, a special kind of noodle, requires particular quality flour to make it. High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in wheat are important protein subunits, which affect flour quality. To improve breeding and selection efficiency of wheat varieties which are used in making hand-extended noodle, 100 spring wheat varieties were selected to study the importance of HMW-GS on noodle quality score indexes such as color, appearance, taste agreeability, toughness, stickiness, smoothness, taste, and total score, through methods of quantity theory and statistic evaluation. It was shown that the hand-extended noodle quality score of HMW-GS 1, 2*, N, 7, 7 8, 17 18, 22, 2 10, 2 11, 2 12, 5 10, and 10 was 5.40, 5.35, 0, 2.55, 2.56, 9.19, 0.05, 0.15, 1.49, 1.14, 10.00, and 5.14, respectively. The score system for hand-extended noodle quality based on HMW-GS index included eight multiple linear regression equations (R2 ＞ 0.98).Hence, using the HMW-GS composition, the eight hand-extended noodle quality indexes would be forecasted exactly.Results indicated that ideal subunit compositions of HMW-GS for this special usage were composition 1, 17 18, 5 10, or composition 2*, 17 18, 5 10. This standard could be used on variety selection in the early generation of breeding crosses. HMW-GS 2 10, 2 11, and 2 12 were the least desirable subunits for hand-extended noodle, which should be avoided in wheat variety selection aimed for hand-extended noodle flour use.