海南草坪草病害调查初报

对海南省草坪草病害进行了初步调查,已经鉴定出草坪草病害13种,均为海南草坪草病害新记录.明确了海南草坪草病害的种类及其为害状况.     

四川盆地常见草坪病害与防治

通过对四川盆地常见的草坪草病害,如锈病、褐斑病、白粉病等主要草坪病害的症状进行描述,探索草坪病害防治的有效措施,降低草坪草养护管理成本,提高生存环境质量.     

草坪草真菌病害的研究进展

综述了国内外主要草坪草上的真菌病害的种类及在我国发生的真菌病害数量、真菌鉴定的方法、病原与寄主互作及病害预测预报,及国内外对草坪草真菌病害防治方法的研究进展,并提出草坪草真菌病害研究存在的一些问题。     

宁夏地区草坪草病害调查及防治对策

对宁夏地区草坪草病害进行了初步调查和研究。已鉴定出草坪草病害14种，其中14种为宁夏草坪草病害新记录。提出了3种综合防治措施。     

几种暖季型草坪草病害及病原种类

归纳了狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草和钝叶草等4种暖季型草坪草的病害及病原种类，其中草坪型狗牙根病害30余种，病原菌约35属近70余种，结缕草病害17种、病原菌约22属29种，假俭草主要病害13种、病原菌约16属20种，钝叶草病害15种，病原菌约23属30种。旨在完善暖季型草坪草的病害记录。     

假俭草的主要病害及其防治

假俭草作为一种优良的草坪草己广泛用于绿化之中,但病害会极大地影响草坪质量。为了对假俭草的病害防治提供依据,就其病害种类、症状、发病规律及防治措施进行了论述。     

草坪草主要病害的发生与防治

草坪草主要病害的发生与防治中国草原学会北京绿洲草业科技开发中心程渡内蒙古图牧吉草地研究所闫美清，黎立升草坪草的病害主要是真菌为害所致，我国已发现的病害有２０多种，有的病害是破坏性极大，对草坪草生长带来严重的影响，目前采用培育抗病的草种，加强草坪建植和...     

草坪草红丝病与粉斑病的研究进展

草坪草红丝病(Laetisaria fuciformis)与粉斑病(Limonomyces roseipellis)是发生于世界各地温带地区的重要草坪草病害,L.fuciformis和Li.roseipellis可侵染大部分禾本科冷季型草坪草,其中对多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)及紫羊茅(Festuca rubra)危害最为严重,极大地影响了草坪草观赏价值和使用价值。近年来,这两种病害首次在我国热带地区相继报道,对海滨雀稗(Paspalum vaginatum)、结缕草(Zoysia spp.)和杂交狗牙根(C.dactylon×C.transvaalensis)等多种暖季型草坪草产生较大危害,然而我国对这两种病害的系统研究较少,因此,本文综述了这两种病害在世界范围内的发生分布、症状、病原以及病害发生规律,并对国内外草坪草红丝病和粉斑病的生态防治、化学防治和寄主的抗病性等方面进行了总结,以期为草坪草红丝病和粉斑病的快速诊断、预防和治理提供科学依据,为进一步深入研究红丝病和粉斑病提供基础资料。     

草坪草病原菌的抗药性现状及研究进展

杀菌剂仍然是防治草坪病害、保证草坪健康、美观的最主要手段,但现代杀菌剂很容易出现抗药性、导致防治草坪病害失败。国外从20世纪60年代就已经开展了草坪病原菌抗药性的相关研究,而我国仍然处于空白状态。笔者从草坪草病原菌抗药性现状、传统抗药性研究方向、现代抗药性分子研究方向及抗药性治理这4个方面对当前草坪草病原菌抗药性研究进行综述。     

草坪病害及其防治

本文介绍草坪草常见侵染性病害（ 真菌、细菌、病毒和线虫病的致病病原） 和非侵染性病害,论述了草坪病害流行条件,强调预防为主的综合防治策略。     

STRESS FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS, RADIUS, AND TIBIA IN HORSES

The medical records, radiographic and nuclear scintigraphic findings of 26 racing horses with 27 stress fracture episodes of the humerus, radius, or tibia were reviewed. The purposes of this study were to describe the radiographic and/or scintigraphic features of stress fractures of the humerus, radius, or tibia, and to evaluate the signalment and history of horses in which stress fracture occurred. Stress fractures of the three long bones examined were primarily seen in 2-and 3-year-old male Thoroughbred horses; commonly, the onset of lameness was immediately following training gallops or racing. There were 13 humeral stress fracture episodes in 12 horses. Ten were in the proximal caudolateral cortex, and three were in the distal craniomedial cortex. Radial stress fractures were seen in three horses, all in the midshaft radius. Tibial stress fractures were diagnosed in 11 horses. They were located in the proximal lateral tibia in six horses, the distal caudolateral tibia in three horses, and the midshaft tibia in three horses. Fifteen stress fractures were diagnosed with radiographs alone, one was diagnosed with scintigraphy alone, nine were diagnosed with radiographs and scintigraphy, and, in two horses, radiographs were negative, but the scintigraphic findings were consistent with stress fracture.     

鹅源大肠埃希菌的分离与鉴定

从临盏床疑似大肠埃希菌感染的病雏鹅的组织分离到31株细菌,通过培养特性和生化试验确定其中27株为大肠埃希菌。血清学试验表明,其中7株（25．93％）为026型,6株（22．22％）为078型,4株（14．81％）为01型,3株（11．11％）为018型,2株（7．41％）为0117型,5株（18．52％）未能定型。应用PCR方法检测了27株大肠埃希菌的F1菌毛与毒力岛HPI基因,结果表明24株（88．89％）为F1^＋大肠埃希菌,7株（25．939／5）为HPI^＋大肠埃希菌（其中4株为F1^＋）。药敏试验表明,所有菌株均对头孢唑林、呋喃妥因敏感,部分菌株对庆大霉素、环丙沙星敏感,而对多黏菌素、四环素、林可霉素均为耐药。     

红安格斯牛超数排卵和胚胎移植受体同期发情处理

选择100头红安格斯母牛使用2种超数排卵处理方案,有效超排供体母牛77头。对受体牛采用3种方案进行同期发情处理。结果表明:育成母牛和经产母牛平均回收胚胎数分别为8.45、9.23枚(P>0.05),平均回收可用胚胎数分别为6.33、7.02枚(P>0.05);2种超排方案均取得较好的效果,超排方案1和方案2分别回收胚胎数为10.10、7.63枚,回收可用胚胎数为6.62、6.51枚。受体同期发情处理一次PG法、二次PG法及CIDR+PG法,同期发情率分别为71.19%、74.44%和77.63%(P>0.05),发情受体利用率分别为66.67%、64.93%及69.49%(P>0.05),胚胎移植妊娠率分别为50.00%、55.17%和56.10%(P>0.05),与自然发情受体利用率及胚胎移植妊娠率无显著性差异。     

牦牛体况评分与繁殖效率关系的研究

396头适繁母牦牛和226头围产期牦牛按体况评分方法进行体况评分,并在发情季节进行了发情率的跟踪观察;对446头围产期牦牛按体况评分2.0组和2.0以下组在进行不同量补饲对比试验,旨在探讨体况基础上的营养调控繁殖研究。结果表明:发情牦牛的体况评分为4.16±0.44,未发情牦牛的体况评分为3.49±0.45,差异极显著;妊娠母牦牛产前体况评分在2.63,产后体况评分下降到0.34的母牦牛产后发情率达到45.46%,而产前体况低于2.0,产后体况下降0.5以上的母牦牛产后发情周期不能恢复;围产期牦牛体况评分低于2.0,补饲1kg/d,围产期体况高于2.0,补饲0.5kg/d,能使17%～30%的产后母牦牛当年进入发情配种状态。     

家兔亚硒酸中毒的病理形态学研究

给家兔分别肌肉注射不同剂量的亚硒酸钠，历时入周，复制出亚急性硒中毒的动物模型。病理形态学变化为：家兔的生长受到明显抑制，肝，肾，心，脾等组织器官损害严重如肝实质细胞变性，坏死；肾实质退行病变；心肌纤维变性，充血，肺淤血，水肿：脾萎缩，淋巴细胞坏死，肝，肾，心细胞内线粒高度肿胀，嵴减少，断裂或消失成空泡。     

A stereological study on calculation of volume values regarding lumbosacral segments of quails

In the study, total segment, grey matter and white matter volume values of lumbosacral segment of spinal cord in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were stereologically examined. Regardless of sex, six adult quails were used as material. After the materials were perfused, they were dissected and their spinal cords were uncovered. Tissue samples were taken from each lumbosacral segment of spinal cord. After the tissue fixation process, 6–7 sections having a 5‐µm thickness were separated in every 50th section as from the first section, where the tissue was seen, among tissue samples of each segment. These segments were stained with haematoxylin–eosin staining. They were photographed via a microscope. By using the Cavalieri's principle, the volume values of both the total segment, grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in each lumbosacral segment were separately calculated. All these calculations were performed by using SHTEREOM 1.5 program. As a result, total volume, grey matter and white matter volume values of lumbosacral segments and white matter/total volume, grey matter/total volume, and grey matter/white matter volume fractions were obtained.     

羔羊小肠pH及主要消化酶发育规律的研究

对小尾寒羊羔羊小肠不同部位(十二指肠、空肠和回肠)pH及淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶、脂肪酶和乳糖酶的活性进行了测定，结果表明：羔羊小肠不同部位内容物pH不同，回肠pH显著高于空肠，空肠和回肠pH显著高于十二指肠，羔羊1月龄后，小肠各段pH变化不大；小肠不同部位淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性不同，空肠段淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性高于十二指肠和回肠段，随着羔羊日龄的增长，小肠淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性增加，3月龄后各消化酶活性变化差异不显著(P＜O．05)；羔羊小肠不同部位乳糖酶活性不同，空肠乳糖酶活性显著高于十二指肠和回肠，随着羔羊日龄的增长，小肠乳糖酶活性逐渐降低。     

JEV、PPV、PRRSV、PRV多联PCR的应用研究

用 JEV、PRRSV二联 PCR,PPV、PRV二联 PCR以及这 4种病毒 4联 PCR对来自内蒙、广州、广西、天津、北京、吉林病料进行检测 ,共检了 1 4 6份病料。其中 PRRSV阳性 7份 ,PPV阳性 1 2份 ,PRV阳性 2 1份 ,PRV和 PPV混合感染 4份。并对 5份人工接种 JEV小鼠病料检测 ,其中 4份为阳性。随后对部分阳性 PCR扩增产物进行点杂交和核苷酸测序鉴定 ,证实了 PCR扩增准确性。对内蒙 PRRSV阳性扩增带测序结果显示 ,我国流行 PRRSV为美洲型 ,在扩增片段的核苷酸序列上有 3个碱基差异     

Frequencies of feline blood types in northern Portugal

The frequencies of feline blood types in northern Portugal were studied by surveying 185 pedigreed and nonpedigreed cats. Blood typing was performed by the traditional tube method. As a single group, the majority of cats were type A (90.3%), 3.8% were type B, and 5.9% were type AB. Among pedigreed cats, 19 were Siamese and 7 were Persian; all but 1 were type A. Among nonpedigreed cats, 89.3% were type A, 4.4% were type B, and 6.3% were type AB.     

青海部分牧区牦牛酸奶中乳杆菌的分离与鉴定

利用MRS培养基,对青海部分牧区收集的15份牦牛酸奶,进行了乳杆菌的分离,对分离得到的9株疑似乳杆菌,对其中的3株进行生物学鉴定。结果:分离株均为兼性厌氧菌,在MRS培养基上,菌落较大、透明、灰白色,镜检为杆状细菌,革兰氏染色阳性,过氧化氢酶试验为阴性,乳糖发酵阳性,牛乳发酵试验阳性,符合乳杆菌的特性。