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玉米C型胞质不育恢复主基因SSR标记 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
通过对恢复系凤可 1、A619与 Cms-C237、Cms-CMo17组配的 F2和 BC1分离群体的研究结果表明:凤可 1有两对重叠恢复基因 Rf4和Rf5。用微卫星标记(SSR)将凤可1中的恢复主基因Rf5定位在第 5染色体长臂上,与引物 bnlg1711、bnlg1346和 phi058紧密连锁,距 3个引物的遗传距离分别为 7.51cM、1.68cM、9.87cM;恢复主基因 Rf4与第8染色体短臂上的引物bnlg2307连锁。 相似文献
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14 isoplasmic and allonuclear cytoplasmic male sterile lines were used as female parents, 8 tester lines as male parents, 101 F1 progenies were obtained. Fertility restoration response of 101 F1 progenies were investigated through field observation and pollen stainability examination under microscope. 14 isoplasmic and allonuclear cytoplasmic male sterile lines were developed by repeated backcross with recurrent male parent lines for more than 8 generations. The result shows: tester line Zifeng1 not only restored the isoplasmic and allonuclear sterile lines of group C backcrossed with Mo17, Yu30 and Heer, but also completely restored the isoplasmic and allonuclear cytoplasm male sterile lines of group T backcrossed with Mo17, HZS , 1792 ,292 and Yu30. Therefore, nuclear background limits the use of Zifeng1 as a tester for identification of cytoplasmic male sterility. Furthermore RFLPs of mitochondrial DNA of 6 isonuclear and alloplasmic cytoplasmic male sterile lines were analyzed with Bam H Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ restriction endonuclease and mitochondrial DNA probes pBcmH3 and Cox Ⅱ. The same RFLPs were found within sterile cytoplasm of group C, including C,Chuan G, Lei 2 and Lei 3, but a different RFLP pattern was observed among sterile cytoplasm of group S, C,T and the normal cytoplasm. This result suggested that the RFLP markers tightly linked to sterile mitochondrial genes of different groups could be applied in the identifcation of cytoplasmic male sterility. 相似文献
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玉米作为我国重要的粮、饲两用作物在保障粮食安全,推动社会经济发展和提供工业能源等方面扮演着关键的角色。细胞质雄性不育是高等植物中普遍存在的生物学现象,玉米细胞质雄性不育可以分为T型、C型与S型3种类型。不育基因来源于线粒体基因重排形成嵌合基因,新形成的嵌合基因对花药中小孢子的发育产生危害导致败育的发生。恢复基因的存在可以消除不育基因的危害,使小孢子正常生长。由于不育基因为线粒体基因,恢复基因为细胞核基因,对细胞质不育与恢复机理的研究同样是探究质-核互作关系的桥梁。同时对雄性不育系的利用是玉米利用杂种优势的一个重要技术手段,玉米生产上利用细胞质雄性不育对于作物杂种优势的利用、杂交种的制种都有重要意义,不但能够解放劳动力降低制种成本,而且提高了制种纯度增加产量。对玉米细胞质雄性不育的分类、特征及近年来发现的玉米细胞质雄性不育基因与育性恢复基因进行概述,并探讨了玉米细胞质雄性不育应用过程中的问题与发展前景,以其为细胞质雄性不育在生产上的推广利用提供参考。 相似文献
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细胞质雄性不育(Cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)广泛存在于高等植物,CMS-S是玉米CMS的一种,其育性可以被恢复基因Rf3完全恢复。目前Rf3基因尚未成功克隆。本试验根据玉米CMS-S配子体不育特点,提出一种全新的同质群体构建方法,通过该方法获得群体的所有个体均携带Rf3恢复基因,省去田间表型鉴定工作,并可在同一世代获得足够的重组个体。该方法可直接用种子提取基因组DNA,大大提高Rf3定位的效率。利用该同质定位群体,将恢复基因Rf3精细定位到分子标记A165与CG2之间,参照玉米自交系B73的基因组序列,两个标记之间的物理距离约为1.4 Mb。 相似文献
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细胞质雄性不育玉米的根系特性和氮效率研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
【目的】探讨细胞质雄性不育玉米的根系特性和氮素吸收利用规律。【方法】在土柱栽培条件下,选择目前生产中广泛应用的骨干自交系478和齐319的细胞质雄性不育系(CMS)和其同型保持系(可育系)为试验材料,比较分析雄性不育系及其可育系灌浆期根系特性的差异及对缺氮的响应。【结果】CMS玉米的籽粒产量和千粒重均高于其同型可育植株(P<0.05),生物产量差异不显著(P>0.05),收获指数明显较高(P<0.05),且缺氮条件下优势更为明显。CMS玉米灌浆期具有较高的根系干重、根系体积和根系总活力,且深层根系分布相对较多,根系活力较强,有效延长了根系的功能期,促进了植株对养分和水分的吸收。CMS玉米氮素积累总量高于其同型可育系(P<0.05),成熟期氮素在茎秆和籽粒中分配较多;低氮水平下,CMS玉米的氮素转移率、贡献率和氮素利用率均显著高于其同型可育系(P<0.05);CMS玉米单株氮效率较高,氮响应度相对较低。【结论】细胞质雄性不育玉米籽粒产量高、氮效率高与其深层根量多、根系活力强密切相关。 相似文献
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雄性不育是作物育种中利用杂种优势的主要途径,玉米是世界上最早利用雄性不育系生产杂交种的作物之一,利用雄性不育系生产玉米杂交种,可以节省劳动力投入,降低种子成本,减少去雄不彻底造成的混杂,提高种子纯度,充分发挥杂种优势的增产潜力。综述了玉米细胞质雄性不育的分类,败育的细胞学特征,败育机理,以及育性恢复研究进展。 相似文献
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LIU Bao-shen SUN Qi-xin GAO Qing-rong SUN Lan-zhen XIE Chao-jie LI Chuan-you NI Zhong-fu DOU Bing-de 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2002,1(8):845-849
LK783 was found to be a good fertility restorer for K-type male sterility of wheat. Microsatellite markers were employed to map the major restoring gene in LK783. Maintainer and restorer DNA pools were established using the extreme sterile and fertile plants among (KJ5418A//911289/LK783)F1 population,respectively. Seventy-nine sets of SSR primers were screened for polymorphism between the two pools, 6 of which were found polymorphic. Linkage analysis showed that Xgwm11, Xgwm18 , Xgwm264a and Xgwm273were linked to the restoring gene in LK783, while Xgwm11, Xgwm18 and Xgwm273 were co-segregated. The distance between the Rf gene in LK783 and the three co-segregated markers was 6.54±4.37 cM, the distance between Rf gene and Xgwm264a was 5.71±4.10 cM. The four SSR markers were located on chromosome 1BS by amplifying the DNA of nulli-tetrasomics and ditelosomics of CS with the 4 sets of primers, indicating that the major restoring gene in LK783 was located on 1BS, but the relative location of the gene was different from Rfv1, allelism of the two genes should be further investigated. The breeding for new fertility restorer lines of K-type cytoplasmic male sterility in wheat would be facilitated by using the four polymorphic markers. 相似文献
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K型小麦细胞质雄性不育系育性恢复基因的SSR分子标记分析 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
以 (K冀 5 4 18A∥ 9112 89/LK783)三交F1分离群体的极端不育株和极端可育株分别建立保持池和恢复池 ,利用 79对SSR引物对两池间的多态性进行了研究。分析表明 ,6对SSR引物在两池间扩增出了稳定的多态性差异 ,在分离群体上验证结果表明 ,LK783的育性恢复基因与 4个SSR引物的扩增位点Xgwm11、Xgwm18、Xgwm2 6 4a和Xgwm 2 73有连锁关系 ,该育性恢复基因与Xgwm11、Xgwm18和Xgwm2 73的遗传距离为 6 .5 4± 4 .37cM ,与Xg wm2 6 4a的遗传距离为 5 .71± 4 .10cM ,这 4个引物可应用于K型小麦细胞质雄性不育系育性恢复基因的标记辅助选择。利用中国春缺体四体系和双端体系进一步将Xgwm11、Xgwm18、Xgwm2 6 4a和Xgwm2 73定位于 1BS ,说明LK783的育性恢复基因位于 1BS ,但它在 1BS上的相对位置与Rfv1有所不同 ,它们的等位性关系有待于进一步研究 相似文献
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K型小麦保持系及恢复系筛选研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以 1 1个BC1 ~BC1 2 的K型不育系与 30个新品种 (系 )不完全测交F1 为研究对象 ,从调查自交结实率和单倍体频率入手 ,分析了供试原始群体的育性状况 ;根据K型不育性的特点建立了恢复度计算 (国内法和国际法 )的回归方程 y =2 .84+ 1 .78x ,提出K型恢复系恢复度的最低标准应定为 75 % (国内法 ) ;阐述了sp途径 (斯卑尔脱小麦 1BSrfv1 基因途径 )在K型小麦雄性不育性研究中的重要性 ,并提出K型不育系是否产生单倍体主要决定于其来源是 1B/1R途径还是sp途径 ,杂交种的单倍体诱导率主要取决于不育系的遗传背景 ,而与测交父本关系不大或仅为次要因素的推论。 相似文献
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WANG Shou-hai DU Shi-yun WANG De-zheng LI Cheng-quan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2005,4(12):883-889
Acknowledgement It has been previously established that the BT type of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is induced by high temperatures, while photosensitive genic male sterility (PGMS) seed sets by low temperatures induce. In the current study, we have bred photosensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS) lines (2308SA and 2310SA) by crossing the CMS line with the PGMS japonica line with maintainer genes. The sterility of PCMS japonica was consequently controlled by two groups of male sterile genes resulting from the integration of PGMS and CMS genes. The results on plant fertility, at different sowing times, were as follows: (a) Under conditions of natural long-day photoperiod and at temperatures above 35~C, the PGMS gene regulated PCMS japonica sterility - the higher the temperature, the lower the pollen fertility. However, bagged seed sets of PCMS japonica, not exposed to high temperatures, induced the CMS seed set. (b) Exposure to long-day photoperiod and temperature conditions between 35℃ and the critical sterility inducing temperature of PGMS resulted in both PGMS and CMS gene controlled sterility of PCMS japonica, which exhibited stable characteristics. (c) When exposed to critical sterility inducing temperatures or short-day photoperiod and daily high temperatures below 32℃, the BT type of the CMS gene regulated PCMS sterility. Under these conditions, the PGMS gene rendered male sterility insusceptible to occasional cool summer days when this PCMS line, adopted for hybrid seed production, develops into panicle differentiation stage. The present study also investigated the fertility restoration, seed production and combining ability of PCMS japonica so as to optimize its use. 相似文献
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核质互作不育和光敏核不育聚合的粳稻不育系选育 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
针对粳型核质互作不育系高温自交结实和粳型光敏核不育系低温自交结实的现状,选择BT型核质互作不育系与含有BT型保持基因的粳型光敏核不育系,通过杂交和回交,使雄性核不育基因与核质互作不育基因聚合,育成了粳型光敏核质互作不育系2308SA和2310SA。该不育系的不育性是由两套相互独立的基因系统控制的,分期播种育性观察结果表明,在长日高温下,雄性光敏核不育隐性纯合基因控制水稻不育性,避免了BT型不育基因因穗期受高温影响而导致不育系自交结实;在长日适温下,水稻不育性由核不育基因和核质互作不育基因共同控制而表现稳定;在低温(低于光敏不育系不育临界温度)或短日适温(日最高气温<32℃)下,BT型核质互作不育基因控制水稻不育性,消除了育性敏感期低温导致核不育系"打摆子"造成杂交种子不纯的风险。还对粳型光敏感核质互作不育系的可恢性、可繁性和配合力进行了研究。 相似文献
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辣椒胞质雄性不育恢复基因的RAPD标记 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
为定位和克隆辣椒8001恢复系中恢复基因提供基础,用9704A8001 F2代群体开展了辣椒胞质雄性不育恢复基因分子标记研究.通过RAPD-BSA分析法,找到了一个与辣椒细胞质雄性不育恢复系8001中的恢复基因紧密连锁的RAPD标记OPL09-763,测定了该标记带的序列,并进行了同源性比较.该标记带与恢复基因之间的交换值为4.17%,遗传距离为4.18 cM. 相似文献
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用M型质核互作雄性不育系W931A(A)、同型保持系W931B(B)及3个地理来源不同的恢复系WR99032(R1)、WR0088(R2)、WR0108(R3)及其测交后代群体F1(A×B)、F2、BC1a(A×F1)、BC1b(F1×B)、F1a[A×(恢复系×恢复系)F1]、F1b[(恢复系×恢复系)F1×B]作为试验材料,以花粉育性和植株育性指标对不育系的育性恢复特性进行了初步分析.结果表明:大豆M型质核互作雄性不育系属配子体不育,3个不同来源恢复系的育性恢复受一对显性主效恢复基因控制,可能还存在微效修饰基因;3个恢复系的细胞质均为可育细胞质;恢复系R1与R2、R3的恢复基因呈非等位性,恢复系R2与R3的恢复基因呈等位性. 相似文献
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辣椒细胞质雄性不育恢复基因的AFLP标记 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用AFLP技术对辣椒细胞质雄性不育系21A及其相应的恢复系湘紫基因组DNA进行多态性比较,筛选了64对AFLP选择性引物PstⅠ-NNN+MseⅠ-NNN组合,有58对引物组合在两系间扩增出5156条带,多态性位点为4个,主要表现为条带数目、条带位置和条带强弱的差异。其中在恢复系材料中仅有3个多态性片断,找到了辣椒细胞质雄性不育恢复系湘紫基因组DNA特异的AFLP片段ACA/CGC300、AGT/GGT375和AGC/CGC380,并对这些特异片段的来源及其在细胞质雄性不育恢复系中的作用进行了讨论。 相似文献
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