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1.
Shohei Matsuura Yosuke Matsushita Reiko Kozuka Sachiko Shimizu Shinya Tsuda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,126(1):111-115
Quantitative PCR revealed that Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) was present in substantial amounts in viroid-infected tomato flowers. Healthy tomato plants were arranged in two
different glasshouses, and plants were mechanically inoculated with TCDVd. Bumblebees (Bombus ignitus) were then introduced into the glasshouses to reveal whether the viroid was transmitted from infected source plants to neighbouring
healthy plants. TCDVd infection was found in neighbouring tomato plants more than 1 month after the introduction of the bees,
some of which expressed symptoms, in both glasshouses. Thus, bumblebees transmitted TCDVd from tomato to tomato by pollination
activities. 相似文献
2.
Rudra P. Singh Andrea D. Dilworth Xiaoping Ao Mathuresh Singh Santosh Misra 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,127(1):63-72
Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) manually inoculated to transgenic (cv.‘Desiree’) potato plants containing antimicrobial cationic peptides failed
to develop symptoms in above ground plant parts, but infected tubers were symptomatic. Plants from the infected tubers (second
generation plants) emerged as either severely stunted (bushy stunt isolate, BSI) or tall and symptomless. Molecular characterization
of BSI isolates showed TCDVd sequence variants 95 to 98% identical to TCDVd sequences from the database, while a viroid variant
identical to TCDVd type isolate (acc # AF162131) was cloned from symptomless plants. The TCDVd BSI variants had novel U165C,
GU177-178AA, and UCAC181-184CUUU nucleotide substitutions in the terminal right (TR) domain of the viroid molecule. The cloned viroid cDNAs of the BSI were infectious to experimental (cv. ‘Sheyenne’) tomato
plants causing stunted plants with profuse auxiliary shoots. Visual evaluation of the susceptibility of the BSI to 18 potato
and 21 tomato cultivars revealed severe symptoms in most cultivars of both species. The progeny variants accumulating in each
potato and tomato cultivar exhibited the same novel TR domain in most cultivars, with only a slight variation in a few. The severity of the stunting symptoms induced by TCDVd from
BSI isolates in both potato and tomato cultivars has not been noted previously with other TCDVd isolates and, as such, it
is proposed that this new isolate be recognized as a distinct genotype. Emergence of this type of sequence variant in commercial
fields or commercial tomato greenhouses could potentially cause relevant losses in both crops. 相似文献
3.
Takuya Shiraishi Kensaku Maejima Ken Komatsu Masayoshi Hashimoto Yukari Okano Yugo Kitazawa Yasuyuki Yamaji Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(3):214-216
A viroid was detected for the first time in symptomless petunia plants (Petunia spp.) and identified as Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) based on an analysis of the complete genomic sequence. These petunia plants are a likely source of inoculum for tomato or potato plants because TCDVd induces severe symptoms on these plants. The genomic sequence of this petunia isolate from Japan shared 100 % identity with petunia isolates from the Netherlands and United Kingdom and a tomato isolate from Japan. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all petunia isolates and the tomato isolate from Japan formed a monophyletic clade. 相似文献
4.
Rudra P. Singh Andrea D. Dilworth 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,123(1):111-116
Two novel aspects of Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) are reported, namely that TCDVd was detected in symptomless plants of Vinca minor, a trailing ground cover surviving at subzero temperatures (−12°C); and that TCDVd was seed-borne in tomato and detected
in high percentages in tomato seeds and seedlings. Soaking seeds in a low concentration of sodium hypochlorite did not eliminate
the viroid. The sequence analysis showed that the TCDVd isolate consists of 360 nucleotides and has sequence identity between
96% to 99% with isolates of TCDVd from other hosts. 相似文献
5.
Y. F. Zhao W. T. Jones P. Sutherland D. A. Palmer R. E. Mitchell P. H. S. Reynolds J. P. Damicone C. L. Bender 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2001,58(6):247
Several pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae produce the phytotoxin coronatine (COR)in vitro, and the availability of purified toxin has facilitated development of immunological detection methods. A modified, indirect competitive ELISA using the COR-specific monoclonal antibody 11B8 was developed to detect COR in various host plants infected by P. syringae. The estimated detection limit for COR was 50 pg per well, and COR could be reliably quantified from 5 to 40 ng ml−1. The subcellular localization of COR within infected tomato tissue was investigated using the COR-specific antibody MAb 8H3G2. Immunofluorescence microscopy and immunogold labelling showed that COR was present inside tomato cells and was associated with chloroplasts and particles of proteinase inhibitor I. Localization studies indicated that COR is mobile in infected plant tissue and can be detected in healthy tissue adjacent to the bacterial lesions. 相似文献
6.
Inge M. Hanssen Anneleen Paeleman Lieve Wittemans Kris Goen Bart Lievens Claude Bragard Alfons C. R. C. Vanachter Bart P. H. J. Thomma 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,121(2):131-146
Over a period of a few years, Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) has become one of the most important viral diseases in tomato production worldwide. Infection by PepMV can cause
a broad range of symptoms on tomato plants, often leading to significant financial losses. At present, five PepMV genotypes
(EU, LP, CH2, US1 and US2) have been described, three of which (EU, LP and US2) have been reported in Europe. Thus far, no
correlation has been found between different PepMV genotypes and the symptoms expressed in infected plants. In this paper,
the genetic diversity of the PepMV population in Belgian greenhouses is studied and related to symptom development in tomato
crops. A novel assay based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was developed to discriminate between the different
PepMV genotypes. Both RFLP and sequence analysis revealed the occurrence of two genotypes, the EU genotype and the CH2 genotype,
within tomato production in Belgium. Whereas no differences were observed in symptom expression between plants infected by
one of the two genotypes, co-infection with both genotypes resulted in more severe PepMV symptoms. Furthermore, our study
revealed that PepMV recombinants frequently occur in mixed infections under natural conditions. This may possibly result in
the generation of viral variants with increased aggressiveness. 相似文献
7.
Masashi Fujinaga Hideki Ogiso Hidetada Wakabayashi Toshiyuki Morikawa Tomohide Natsuaki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(2):157-159
A viral disease was found in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, on statice (Limonium sinuatum) with chlorotic leaf spot, necrotic stunt, and dwarfing. Spherical virus particles 30 nm in diameter were isolated from infected
plants and statice seedlings and caused identical symptoms 4 weeks after mechanical inoculation. Nucleotide and deduced amino
acid sequences of the coat protein showed 98% and 98.7% identities with those of Grapevine Algerian latent virus (GALV) nipplefruit strain. This is the first report in Japan of a viral disease on statice caused by GALV.
The nucleotide sequence data reported here are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession AB461854. 相似文献
8.
Tsunaki Andou Ayako Yamaguchi Shinji Kawano Kunimasa Kawabe Shigenori Ueda Masatoshi Onuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2010,76(4):287-291
In 2005, severe leaf curling and yellowing were observed on tomato plants on Ishigaki Island. Because the symptoms were consistent
with infection by a begomovirus, we used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers for begomovirus DNA-A and
DNA satellite component (DNA-β) and detected products of the expected sizes from symptomatic tomato plant samples. DNA sequence
analyses of the PCR products revealed that the symptomatic tomato plants were associated with Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) infection. We confirmed AYVV transmission from the naturally infected weed host, Ageratum conyzoides, to healthy tomato plants by the insect vector Bemisia tabaci B biotype. This report is the first of AYVV occurrence in Japan. 相似文献
9.
R. L. C. M. Pitelli M. Penariol A. M. C. M. Pitelli R. A. Pitelli 《Phytoparasitica》2007,35(2):123-128
SeveralAlternaria cassiae isolates were recovered from diseased sicklepod plants (Senna obtusifolia) in the southern regions of Brazil. A representative isolate (Cenargen CG593) was tested for its host range under greenhouse
conditions. The fungus promoted symptoms in sicklepod, cassava (Manihot dulce), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and eggplant (Solanum melongena) when tested at a spore concentration of 106 spores ml−1. When the plants were inoculated with a suspension of 105 spores ml−1 and held at a dew period of 12 h (cassava) or 18 h (tomato and eggplant), the plants showed symptoms of the disease, but
they recovered and continued their normal vegetative growth. These results show that the fungusA. cassiae is safe to use for the control ofS. obtusifolia under Brazilian conditions, because it did not cause excessive damage in the three plants tested.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 14, 2007. 相似文献
10.
Stefanos Kalogiannis Sotirios E. Tjamos Anastasia Stergiou Polymnia P. Antoniou Basil N. Ziogas Eleftherios C. Tjamos 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,116(1):69-76
Phyllosphere yeasts antagonistic to the infective activity of Botrytis cinerea were isolated from leaves of greenhouse-grown tomatoes and evaluated in a detached leaf assay for their ability to suppress grey mould. Nine of 30 recovered yeast isolates were found to reduce a disease index by >90% when compared to an untreated control. In greenhouse experiments, the yeast isolate Rhodotorula glutinis Y-44 was the most efficient in controlling grey mould of tomato plants. In further experiments in greenhouse-grown tomato plants the effectiveness of R. glutinis Y-44 was compared with two commercial fungicides. It was demonstrated that R. glutinis Y-44 was as effective as fungicides in controlling the pathogen. Moreover, the population of R. glutinis Y-44 was monitored for 8 weeks after application on tomato plants. The isolate successfully colonized the plant surface, although the population decreased by 10-fold 8 weeks after application. Since B. cinerea is also a major post-harvest pathogen for tomato fruits, the ability of R.␣glutinis Y-44, to protect artificially infected wounded tomato fruits was also tested. It was shown that R.␣glutinis Y-44 was able to reduce by 50% the percentage of infected wounds compared to the untreated controls. 相似文献
11.
Yosuke Matsushita Tomio Usugi Shinya Tsuda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,130(4):441-447
In situ hybridization was used to analyze the distribution pattern of Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) in floral organs of tomato plants. Following TCDVd invasion of floral organs, it became localized only in sepals
at an early developmental stage, then reached other floral organs at the flower opening stage, with the exception of part
of the placenta and ovules. When distribution of TCDVd was compared with that of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), TCDVd was not detected in the outer integument around the embryo sac even though PSTVd was able to invade there,
suggesting that such specific distribution might reflect the frequent occurrence of viroid disease on crops caused by PSTVd-seed
transmission. 相似文献
12.
Kasumi Takeuchi Keisuke Tomioka Hiroshi Kouchi Tomomi Nakagawa Hisatoshi Kaku 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(5):336-341
A wilt disease of the model legume Lotus japonicus was observed in a greenhouse in Tokyo, Japan in May 2004. Roots of diseased plants were rotted and dark brown with lesions
spreading to lower stems and leaves, resulting in rapid plant death. The causal agent was identified as Fusarium solani based on the morphology. Sequence analysis of rDNA supported the identification. Inoculation of roots of healthy plants with
conidia reproduced characteristic disease symptoms, and F. solani was reisolated from lesions, satisfying Koch’s postulates. The isolate also caused chlorotic to necrotic lesions on leaves
of healthy plants after wound-inoculation. Infection by F. solani of leaves of L. japonicus was confirmed histologically. Mycelia were observed in the intercellular spaces of parenchymatous tissues in the lesion area
and the surrounding tissues. This is the first report of fungal disease on L. japonicus satisfying Koch’s postulates. We named it “Fusarium root rot of L. japonicus” as a new disease. The compatibility of L. japonicus and F. solani is expected to form a novel pathosystem for studying interactions between legumes and fungal pathogens.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers AB258993 and
AB258994. 相似文献
13.
Shin-ichi Fuji Nanae Mochizuki Masashi Fujinaga Makoto Ikeda Kouichi Shinoda Seiji Uematsu Hiromitsu Furuya Hideki Naito Fumiyoshi Fukumoto 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):216-221
Alstroemeria plants were surveyed for viruses in Japan from 2002 to 2004. Seventy-two Alstroemeria plants were collected from Aichi, Nagano, and Hokkaido prefectures and 54.2% were infected with some species of virus. The
predominant virus was Alstroemeria mosaic virus, followed by Tomato spotted wilt virus, Youcai mosaic virus (YoMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alstroemeria virus X and Broad bean wilt virus-2 (BBWV-2). On the basis of nucleotide sequence of the coat protein genes, all four CMV isolates belong to subgroup IA. CMV
isolates induced mosaic and/or necrosis on Alstroemeria. YoMV and BBWV-2 were newly identified by traits such as host range, particle morphology, and nucleotide sequence as viruses
infecting Alstroemeria. A BBWV-2 isolate also induced mosaic symptoms on Alstroemeria seedlings. 相似文献
14.
Junichiro Enya Kentaro Ikeda Taeko Takeuchi Norio Horikoshi Takahiko Higashi Takako Sakai Yuichiro Iida Kazufumi Nishi Masaharu Kubota 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(1):76-79
Tomato leaf mold caused by Passalora fulva was found on two tomato varieties carrying the Cf-9 gene in Japan, in 2007. The isolates obtained from Chiba and Fukushima were identified as race 4.9.11, and those from Gunma
were races 4.9 or 4.9.11. This is the first report in Japan of tomato leaf mold caused by P. fulva strains that can overcome the Cf-9 gene. 相似文献
15.
In 2005, characteristic symptoms of crown gall on grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Muscat of Alexandria, and cv. Seto Giants) were observed in a commercial greenhouse-orchard in Okayama Prefecture,
Japan. Isolations from diseased tissues consistently yielded bacterial colonies that were white, glistening, and produced
abundant polysaccharide on potato semi-synthetic agar (PSA) medium. Ten representative isolates were chosen for further characterization.
A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay showed these strains were not Rhizobium vitis but did possess a Ti plasmid. The bacteriological characteristics of the isolates corresponded well with R. radiobacter. The almost complete 16S ribosomal DNA sequences of isolates AT06-1 and AT06-2, selected from 10 grapevine isolates, were
determined and corresponded to sequences of R. radiobacter. The pathogenicity of the isolates was tested on young grapevine and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants. Gall symptoms developed on both plant species after inoculation, and bacteria with the same colony morphology
as those inoculated were reisolated. Based on these results, the isolates were identified as R. radiobacter (Ti). This report is the first of the occurrence of R. radiobacter (Ti) on grapevine in Japan. Phylogenetic analyses using the partial nucleotide sequences of virC operon located on a Ti plasmid showed that the isolate of R. radiobacter (Ti) isolated from grapevine and some strains of R. vitis (Ti) belonged to the same monophyletic group, which differed from the groups of R. radiobacter (Ti) isolated from plants other than grapevine and of the majority of R. vitis (Ti) strains isolated from grapevine.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accessions AB306890, AB306891,
and AB465432–AB465459. 相似文献
16.
In arid conditions in India,Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss: Fr.) P. Karsten was found to cause root rot diseases in jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider) plants. In the rainy season, 10–15-year-old jojoba plants growing in the proximity of aGanoderma-infectedAcacia tortilis tree, developed disease symptoms. Twigs of affected plants started drying from the top of the branch; leaves turned yellowish
brown and finally abscissed; plants dried up within 1 to 3 months. Basidiocarps developed from decaying roots near the collar
region and produced colored stalks and fruiting caps. Pathogenicity of the fungus was established by keeping the infected
root segments in direct contact with roots of healthy jojoba plants. Root rot symptoms were expressed within 5 months in inoculated
plants subjected to moisture stress. 相似文献
17.
The distribution and multiplication of Ralstonia solanacearum in tomato plants of 11 resistant cultivars derived from different genetic sources and susceptible cultivar Ponderosa were examined. Bacterial multiplication in stems of resistant tomato plants was suppressed owing to the limitation of pathogen movement from the protoxylem or the primary xylem to other xylem tissues. The limitation was most conspicuous in Hawaii 7996. Grafting experiments indicated that the percentage of wilting of Ponderosa scions was less on Hawaii 7996 rootstocks than that on the most resistant rootstock (LS-89) used in Japan. Hawaii 7996 could be an alternative genetic source for breeding for resistance to bacterial wilt. 相似文献
18.
19.
Seisaku Umemoto Youko Odake Taeko Takeuchi Shigenobu Yoshida Seiya Tsushima Motoo Koitabashi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(5):399-400
In 2006, stem rot and blue-green crusty lesions were found on the stems of tomato plants in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Penicillium oxalicum was isolated repeatedly from the diseased plants. The causal fungus reproduced natural symptoms after artificial inoculation
of tomato plants and was re-isolated from symptomatic plant tissue. P. oxalicum is a new pathogen that causes blue mold on tomato plants in Japan. 相似文献
20.
Valérie Gravel Hani Antoun Russell J. Tweddell 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,119(4):457-462
The effect of indole-acetic acid (IAA) on the development of symptoms caused by Pythium ultimum on tomato plants was investigated using different bioassays. Application of IAA (5 μg ml−1) on tomato seedlings inoculated with P. ultimum did not affect their emergence suggesting that IAA did not affect the severity of Pythium damping-off. However, IAA was shown
to influence the development of P. ultimum symptoms on tomato plantlets. Low concentrations of IAA (0–0.1 μg ml−1) within the rhizosphere of plantlets increased the severity of the symptoms caused by P. ultimum, while higher concentrations (10 μg ml−1), applied either by drenching to the growing medium or by spraying on the shoot, reduced the symptoms caused by this pathogen.
In addition, the study demonstrated that P. ultimum produces IAA in liquid culture amended with L-tryptophan, tryptamine or tryptophol (200 μg ml−1) and in unamended culture. 相似文献