Mycoplasma bovis pneumonia in cattle

Mycoplasma bovis is an important and emerging cause of respiratory disease and arthritis in feedlot cattle and young dairy and veal calves, and has a variety of other disease manifestations in cattle. M. bovis is certainly capable of causing acute respiratory disease in cattle, yet the attributable fraction has been difficult to estimate. In contrast, M. bovis is more accepted as a cause of chronic bronchopneumonia with caseous and perhaps coagulative necrosis, characterized by persistent infection that seems poorly responsive to many antibiotics. An understanding of the disease has been recently advanced by comparisons of natural and experimentally induced disease, development of molecular diagnostic tools, and understanding some aspects of virulence, yet uncertainties regarding protective immunity, the importance of genotypic diversity, mechanisms of virulence, and the role of co-pathogens have restricted our understanding of pathogenesis and our ability to effectively control the disease. This review critically considers the relationship between M. bovis infection and the various manifestations of the bovine respiratory disease complex, and addresses the pathogenesis, clinical and pathologic sequelae, laboratory diagnosis and control of disease resulting from M. bovis infection in the bovine respiratory tract.     

猪支原体肺炎疫苗的研究进展

本文介绍了国内外猪支原体肺炎疫苗的研究概况，包括国内外常规疫苗、基因工程疫苗等，并对猪支原体肺炎疫苗的进一步的研究工作提出了建议。     

抗犊牛肺炎支原体免疫初乳乳清的制备

为探讨抗犊牛肺炎支原体免疫初乳乳清的制备方法,本试验采用牛支原体灭活佐剂疫苗于经产前2～4周给怀孕母牛免疫接种2次,制备高免初乳,收集产后12 h之内的初乳,分别采用离心沉淀与过滤法制备脱脂初乳,采用不同的酸化法、酶化法、酸和酶结合法制备乳清,通过紫外分光光度计及ELISA方法检测乳清中的总蛋白含量及抗牛支原体抗体滴度。结果显示,4 ℃、3500 r/min离心30 min对初乳的脱脂效果最好,初乳总蛋白含量及抗牛支原体抗体滴度损失最少;酶和酸结合法的乳清析出率最高,维生素C（0.2 g/mL）处理法对脱脂初乳中蛋白损失最小,盐酸处理法对脱脂初乳中抗牛支原体抗体滴度损失最小。结果表明用0.6 mol/L盐酸调pH至4.6,室温下放置30 min,10000 r/min离心20 min是高免初乳乳清制备的适宜方法。     

On the aetiopathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumonia in calf

A pure culture of Mycoplasma (M.) bovis was isolated from calves with respiratory disease, exhibiting the picture of lymphohistiocytic proliferative pneumonia with presence of eosinophil plasmatic cells. A mixed infection of M. bovis and Pasteurella (P.) multocida was demonstrated in calves with exudative pneumonia. Both M. bovis and Haemophilus (H.) somnus were recovered from calves with necrotic pneumonia. All 3 organisms--M. bovis, P. multocida, and H. somnus--were present in cases of exudative-necrotic pneumonia. It was also shown that M. bovis played a primary role in the aetiopathogenesis of respiratory diseases caused by mixed infections.     

山羊传染性胸膜肺炎病原分离与鉴定

本试验从传染性胸膜肺炎的山羊体内分离获得两株支原体Y1和Y2，通过病原分离、形态学观察、生化试验、HA、生长抑制试验和代谢抑制试验等试验，证实Y1和Y2的形态与培养特性、生化反应特性和血清学特性分别与模式株丝状支原体山羊亚种PG3和绵羊支原体Y98相接近；动物回归试验成功复制出山羊传染性胸膜肺炎的典型临床症状和病理剖解变化。结果表明Y1和Y2分别为丝状支原体山羊亚种和绵羊支原体。     

马山黑山羊支原体肺炎病原的鉴定

为了了解马山黑山羊支原体肺炎的病原,给马山黑山羊支原体肺炎的防控提供依据,本研究采用形态学观察、生化特性、生长抑制、PCR扩增测序和动物致病性试验对从马山黑山羊支原体肺炎病原中分离到的菌株进行鉴定,并进行药物敏感试验。鉴定结果表明马山黑山羊支原体肺炎的病原为绵羊肺炎支原体。药物敏感试验结果表明其对壮观霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、林可霉素、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、复方新诺明、氟苯尼考高度敏感。     

应用巢式PCR方法检测牛支原体肺炎

根据Genbank发表的牛支原体全基因序列,设计2对特异性引物,建立了诊断牛支原体肺炎的巢式PCR方法,第一轮引物P1、P2扩增片段长度为1912bp,第二轮引物P3、P4扩增片段长度为422bp:该方法特异性试验未扩增出丝状支原体丝状亚种小克隆和无乳支原体特异性条带;敏感性试验证明扩增DNA最低含量达到10-7μg/mL,是单一PCR的103倍;用该方法对阳性病料进行检测,均扩增出特异性片段。该体系的成功构建,可以为牛支原体肺炎的活体检测,和流行病学调查提供技术支持。     

Outbreak of pneumonia and arthritis in beef calves associated with Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma californicum

During an outbreak of pneumonia and arthritis in beef calves and young cattle on a large farm in north-west Germany, Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma californicum were isolated from tracheobronchial lavage fluids and synovial fluids. The microbiological findings in dead and living animals and the immunohistochemical demonstration of M californicum antigen in lung and arthritic joint tissue, indicated that under poor housing conditions and possibly other predisposing factors, this mycoplasma, like M bovis, can colonise the respiratory tract and may be able to cross the respiratory mucosal barrier to spread through an infected animal and cause systemic infections that may contribute to severe arthritis.     

Atypical pneumonia associated with a Mycoplasma isolate in a kitten

An atypical case of Mycoplasma pneumonia with an unusual radiographic and computed tomographic pattern was diagnosed in a Siamese kitten. The cat showed no response to broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy including enrofloxacin. The administration of doxycycline led to a dramatic clinical and radiographic improvement.     

猪肺炎支原体诱导家蝇幼虫抑制性消减文库的构建

采用抑制性消减杂交技术(suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH)构建猪肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma hyopneumonia,Mhp)诱导家蝇幼虫后产生差异表达基因的消减cDNA文库,并利用反向Northern杂交技术获得差异基因.结果表明,随机挑取的阳性克隆的大小均为200～750 bp,通过斑点杂交技术共筛选出186个差异基因片段,对其克隆、测序及同源性分析后鉴定出20种编码蛋白的基因片段和21个无同源序列.家蝇幼虫经猪肺炎支原体诱导后产生与抗病原体相关的基因及大量的未知基因.     

Transient cold agglutinins associated with Mycoplasma cynos pneumonia in a dog

This report details a case of reversible cold agglutinins in a dog with Mycoplasma cynos pneumonia. An 11‐month‐old female spayed Rhodesian Ridgeback was presented for lethargy and cough. Thoracic radiographs revealed an alveolar pattern present bilaterally in the cranioventral lung lobes. Septic neutrophilic inflammation with suspected Mycoplasma sp. organisms was noted on cytologic examination of a trans‐tracheal wash, and the dog was treated empirically with IV ampicillin/sulbactam and enrofloxacin pending culture results. Red blood cell agglutination was noted unexpectedly on several blood film reviews during hospitalization; however, the dog never developed clinical or laboratory evidence of hemolysis. Cold agglutinins were demonstrated based on the results of a saline dilution and cold agglutinin test that showed agglutination at 4°C but not at room temperature (21°C) or 37°C. Based on a positive culture for M cynos, the dog was treated for 8 weeks with oral enrofloxacin. After clinical and radiographic resolution of the pneumonia, repeated saline dilution and cold agglutinin tests of peripheral blood were negative at all temperatures. Reversible, asymptomatic cold agglutinins are common in human patients with mycoplasma pneumonia, but this is the first reported case in a dog.