FADS2基因在奶牛乳腺细胞中的过表达和干扰研究

为了研究脂肪酸脱氢酶2(fatty acid desaturases 2,FADS2)基因在奶牛乳腺细胞脂肪酸代谢中的作用,本研究在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中对FADS2基因进行过表达和干扰,研究FADS2基因表达对脂肪酸合成相关基因的调控及对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中甘油三酯含量的影响。针对FADS2基因的CDS序列设计siRNA和过表达载体pcDNA3.1-FADS2-EGFP,转染奶牛乳腺细胞检测FADS2基因过表达和干扰对脂肪酸代谢相关基因表达的影响及细胞中甘油三酯含量的变化。结果显示,试验成功获得过表达载体pcDNA3.1-FADS2-EGFP和干扰片段,转染细胞后具有良好的过表达和干扰效果。FADS2基因过表达后,1-酰基甘油磷酸酰基转移酶(AGPAT1)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白裂解激活蛋白(SCAP)、3-磷酸甘油转移酶(GPAM)、脂肪酸延长链5(ELOVL5)、乙酰辅酶A酰基转移酶1(ACAA1)、脂肪酸脱氢酶1(FADS1)、二酰基甘油转酰基酶1(DGAT1)和过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体α(PPARα)基因显著下调(P<0.05),脂滴蛋白2(PLIN2)基因极显著上调(P<0.01)。FADS2基因干扰过后可引起AGPAT1、GPAM、ELOVL5、ACAA1、PLIN2和FADS1基因显著上调(P<0.05),脂肪酸合成胰岛素诱导基因1(INSIG1)极显著上调(P<0.01),DGAT1和PPARα基因显著下调(P<0.05)。甘油三酯检测结果显示,FADS2基因过表达和干扰均可降低奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中甘油三酯的含量。综上所述,在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中,FADS2基因能调控脂质合成相关基因的表达,对乳腺脂质合成具有调控作用。     

Th1/Th2型免疫反应相关基因在巨噬细胞RAW 264.7应对细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴刺激时的表达谱研究

本研究旨在解析巨噬细胞RAW264.7在应对细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴刺激时其Th1、Th2型免疫反应相关基因的差异表达规律,为进一步揭示巨噬细胞抗细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴免疫调控机制奠定理论基础.将细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴和巨噬细胞RAW264.7共培养6、24、72 h,收集RAW264.7细胞,提取总RNA,构建cDNA文库,利用R...     

基于RNA-Seq数据分析葡萄糖诱导绵羊卵泡颗粒细胞衰老的差异表达基因

【目的】 探讨葡萄糖对绵羊卵泡颗粒细胞衰老及其基因表达的影响。【方法】 将原代分离培养的绵羊卵泡颗粒细胞分别用含17.5(H组)和2 mmol/L(L组)葡萄糖的培养基进行体外培养, 细胞处理72 h后, 利用β-半乳糖苷酶染色检测细胞衰老, 采用RNA-Seq技术进行转录组测序, 对差异表达基因进行GO功能富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析, 并用实时荧光定量PCR验证锚定蛋白重复域蛋白1(ANKRD1)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、催产素(OXT)、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶4(NOX4)基因的表达量。【结果】 H组β-半乳糖苷酶染色阳性细胞率极显著高于L组(P<0.01)。转录组测序结果显示, 两组间存在401个差异表达基因, 其中上调基因153个, 下调基因248个, 高糖诱导的细胞异常相关基因9个, 细胞周期相关基因6个。GO功能富集分析发现, 差异表达基因参与了细胞过程、生物调节、代谢过程、多细胞生物过程及细胞运动等生物过程, 在细胞成分上主要富集在胞外区、膜、突触、细胞器及超分子复合体等, 在分子功能主要富集在催化活性、整合、转运活性、分子功能调节剂及结构分子活性等。KEGG信号通路富集分析发现, 差异表达基因主要富集在糖尿病并发症中的晚期糖基化产物(AGE)-晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)信号通路、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)信号通路、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)信号通路等。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明, 与L组相比, H组IL-8基因表达水平极显著上调(P<0.01), ANKRD1基因表达水平显著上调(P<0.05), OXT基因表达水平极显著下调(P<0.01), NOX4基因表达量呈上升趋势, 但差异不显著(P>0.05), 实时荧光定量PCR结果与转录组测序结果一致。【结论】 17.5 mmol/L葡萄糖可诱导绵羊卵泡颗粒细胞衰老及衰老相关基因表达变化, 为葡萄糖诱导颗粒细胞衰老的功能和分子机制提供了依据。     

Effects of Interference and Overexpression of DDR1 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Mammary Epithelial Cells in Dairy Cows

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) gene on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of dairy cow mammary epithelial cells through interfering and overexpressing DDR1. The small RNA interference fragment of DDR1 gene and overexpression vector pcDNA3.1-DDR1 were transfected into dairy cow mammary epithelial cells, qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the interference and overexpression efficiency of DDR1; CCK-8 was employed to detect cell proliferation; Flow cytometry was performed to detect the changes of cell cycle and apoptosis (early apoptosis and late apoptosis). qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of genes related to proliferation and apoptosis. After interfering DDR1 gene in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells, mRNA and protein expression levels of DDR1 were down-regulated by 94% and 30%, respectively; While after overexpressing DDR1 gene, its mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated 68.24 and 1.38 times, respectively. Interfering DDR1 extremely significantly inhibited the proliferation of cells (P<0.01), the ratio of early and late apoptotic cells was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01); the ratio of G1 phase cells in the interference group was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), and the proportions of S and G2 phase cells were significantly decreased (P<0.01 and P<0.05), which suggested that the cells were blocked in G0/G1 phase. Conversely, overexpression of DDR1 could significantly promote cell proliferation (P<0.05), significantly inhibit the late apoptosis of cells (P<0.05), the proportion of G1 phase cells was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the proportion of S phase cells was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), suggesting the enhancement of transition from G1 to S phase. The results of qRT-PCR detection showed that after interfering DDR1, the expressions of BAX and Caspase9 genes were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05), and the expressions of P53 and FAS genes were extremely significantly up-regulated (P<0.01), while the expressions of PCNA and CyclinB1 genes were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05). After overexpression of DDR1, the expressions of Cytc and BAX genes were significantly (P<0.05) and extremely significantly down-regulated(P<0.01), respectively, and the expression of CyclinB1 gene was extremely significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). In summary, DDR1 can regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of dairy cow mammary epithelial cells, this result will provide a reference for elucidating the molecular mechanism of DDR1 involved in the growth and development of dairy cow mammary epithelial cells.     

DDR1对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖与凋亡的调控作用

旨在通过干扰或过表达盘状蛋白结构域受体1（DDR1）基因,探讨其对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖、凋亡及周期的影响。本研究将DDR1基因小干扰RNA片段和过表达载体pcDNA3.1-DDR1转染奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,采用qRT-PCR和Western blot检测细胞中DDR1的干扰和过表达效果;利用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力;流式细胞术检测细胞周期和细胞凋亡（早凋、晚凋）的变化;利用qRT-PCR检测增殖与凋亡相关基因的表达情况。结果,在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中干扰DDR1基因后,其mRNA和蛋白表达分别下调94%和30%,而过表达DDR1基因后,其mRNA和蛋白表达分别上调68.24和1.38倍;干扰DDR1极显著抑制细胞的增殖（P<0.01）,细胞早凋与晚凋比例极显著上升（P<0.01）;干扰组G1期细胞比例极显著上升（P<0.01）,S期细胞比例极显著下降（P<0.01）,G2期细胞比例显著下降（P<0.05）,提示细胞阻滞在G0/G1期。相反,过表达DDR1能显著促进细胞增殖（P<0.05）,显著抑制细胞晚期凋亡（P<0.05）,G1期细胞比例极显著下降（P<0.01）,S期细胞比例极显著上升（P<0.01）,促进细胞由G1期向S期的转换。qRT-PCR检测结果显示,干扰DDR1后显著上调BAX、Caspase9基因的表达（P<0.05）,极显著上调P53、FAS基因的表达（P<0.01）,且显著下调PCNA、CyclinB1基因的表达（P<0.05）;过表达DDR1后,分别显著和极显著下调Cytc与BAX基因的表达（P<0.05,P<0.01）,并极显著上调CyclinB1基因的表达（P<0.01）。综上可见,DDR1能够调控奶牛乳腺上皮细胞的增殖、凋亡和周期,可为阐明DDR1参与奶牛乳腺上皮细胞生长发育的分子机制提供参考。     

Differential gene regulation of interleukin-1 ligands and receptors in bovine peripheral blood neutrophils and mononuclear cells in response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

The proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1, plays a prominent role in the inflammatory reactions that characterize numerous diseases. In this study, we examined the gene expression for bovine IL-1 ligands and receptors by bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) and neutrophils (PMNs) in response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. Gene expression of mRNA for IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), type 1 IL-1 receptor, type 2 IL-1 receptor, and IL-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE), were measured by a semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique. LPS had little effect on type 1 IL-1R expression in MNC, whereas, it strongly up-regulated type 1 IL-1R expression in PMNs. Co-incubation of PMNs with LPS and bovine recombinant IL-1beta had little additional effect on type 1 IL-1R expression. Incubation of MNCs with LPS resulted in up-regulation of IL-1beta, IL-1ra, and type 2 IL-1R, no change in IL-1alpha, and a decrease in ICE gene expression. Incubation of PMNs with LPS up-regulated IL-1beta gene expression, whereas, IL-1alpha, IL-1ra, type 2 IL-1R and ICE were unchanged. This study provides evidence for differential regulation of gene products of the bovine IL-1 family by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) and neutrophils (PMNs) in response to E. coli LPS.     

如皋鸡不同时期肌肉组织生长相关基因的表达谱分析

旨在了解如皋鸡不同时期肌肉生长发育机制。本研究利用基因芯片技术,分析在不同生长阶段下(2～12周龄)如皋鸡肌肉组织基因的表达情况。获得了13 379个基因的差异表达动态图谱。在不同生长阶段下肌肉组织生长基因的表达发生变化,与2周龄相比,4和12周龄下调表达的基因数量多于上调表达的基因数量,6、8和10周龄下调表达的基因数量少于上调表达的基因数量。同时对杂交数据进行多种聚类分析。利用实时荧光定量PCR验证4个基因的差异表达,其结果和芯片杂交分析的结果基本一致。初步建立了不同时期肌肉生长应答基因的动态表达谱,比较全面地获得了肌肉生长应答基因,初步揭示了如皋鸡不同时期肌肉生长发育机制。     

Cytokine gene expression profiles of bovine dendritic cells after interaction with Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (M.a.p.), Escherichia coli (E. coli) or recombinant M.a.p. heat shock protein 70

Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (M.a.p.) resides and replicates in macrophages. Many of the of immune mechanisms aiding M.a.p. survival in the host's cells are known. However, little is known about interactions of M.a.p. with dendritic cells (DC). As DC are important for the induction of protective immunity against infectious diseases, we investigated the interaction of M.a.p. with these cells. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to analyse differential expression of cytokine genes after 6 h and 24 h of incubation by immature DC that phagocytosed either M.a.p. or Escherichia coli (E. coli). We hypothesized that phagocytosis of E. coli would induce pro-inflammatory cytokines due to abundant presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and that the cytokine expression profile induced by phagocytosis of live M.a.p. would differ. In addition we hypothesized that incubation of immature DC with rHsp70, an immunodominant antigen of M.a.p., would induce a similar profile of cytokine gene expression as phagocytosis of intact M.a.p. However, phagocytosis of both E. coli and M.a.p. resulted in a cytokine gene expression pattern representative of a (pro-)inflammatory reaction, dominated by strong induction of IL-12 gene expression, that was higher after 24 h than after 6 h of incubation, although the response to M.a.p. was less vigorous than to E. coli. Incubation with rHsp70 resulted in a more inhibitory type of cytokine gene expression, with delayed IL-12 gene expression and downregulation of the genes for IL-1beta and IL-6 after 24 h of incubation. We conclude that bovine DC produce an immuno-stimulatory, anti-mycobacterial response to infection with M.a.p., while Hsp70 potentially contributes to pathogen virulence by allowing the bacteria to invade the host cell.     

Comparison of estrogen responsive genes in the mouse uterus, vagina and mammary gland

Female reproductive organs are mainly regulated by estrogen and progesterone. Specifically, the uterus, vagina and mammary gland show organ-specific mitosis and morphological changes during proliferative events, such as estrous cycle, gestation and lactation. The mechanism underlying these organ-specific estrogen-dependent events is still unknown. We examined, therefore, global gene expression in the mature uterus, vagina and mammary gland of ovariectomized adult mice 6 hr after an injection of 5 microg/kg 17beta-estradiol (E2) using a microarray method in order to identify primary E2-responsive genes. Half of the E2 up-regulated genes in the uterus were similar to those in the vagina. E2 up-regulated the expression of Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf-1) genes in the uterus and vagina. In the vagina, E2 up-regulated the expression of IGF binding proteins (Igfbp2 and Igfbp5). In the mammary gland, unlike the uterus and vagina, no gene showed altered expression 6 hr after the E2 exposure. These results suggest that expression of Igf-1 and morphogenesis genes is regulated by E2 in an organ-specific manner, and it is supported by the results of BrdU labeling showing E2-induced mitosis in the uterus and vagina except the mammary gland. The differences in organ specificity in response to E2 may be attributed by differences in gene expression regulated by E2 in female reproductive organs. The candidate estrogen-responsive genes in the uterus and vagina identified by profiling provide an important foundation understanding functional mechanisms of estrogen regulating morphogenesis and maintenance of each reproductive organ.     

Bta-miR-677靶向线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白影响Ⅰ型干扰素的生成

旨在探究bta-miR-677调控Ⅰ型干扰素（IFN）表达的分子机制。将bta-miR-677转染MDBK细胞,检测Ⅰ型IFN和干扰素刺激基因（ISGs）的转录水平;随后通过TargetScan预测bta-miR-677的靶基因,双荧光素酶报告基因系统、qRT-PCR和Western blot验证bta-miR-677的靶基因;利用siRNA敲减验证靶基因对Ⅰ型IFN转录的影响。结果显示,过表达bta-miR-677组IFN-α/β的转录水平高于对照组2~4倍（P<0.001）,随后检测到6种ISGs（IFI6、OAS1Y、OAS1Z、RSAD2、MX1和MX2）转录量上调2~16倍（P<0.01或P<0.001）;反之,抑制表达bta-miR-677组IFN-α/β转录量下调（P<0.01或P<0.05）,同时IFI6、OAS1Y、OAS1Z、RSAD2、MX1和MX2转录量下调（P<0.05或P<0.01）。经TargetScan预测和双荧光素酶报告基因系统、qRT-PCR和Western blot检测显示,bta-miR-677可靶向结合线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白（MAVS）的3'-UTR,抑制MAVS蛋白的表达;MAVS基因敲减后发现,IFN-α、IFN-β和6种ISGs转录量上调。研究结果表明,bta-miR-677通过靶向MAVS上调IFN-α/β转录水平,进而提高ISGs的表达量,为基于bta-miR-677研制抗病毒药物提供了重要资料。     

布鲁菌感染小鼠RAW264．7细胞对IRGl基因的表达调控作用

针对小鼠RAW264．7细胞IRGl基N设计4个RNA干扰靶位,筛选出最佳干扰序列构建shRNA慢病毒载体质粒并包装获得慢病毒颗粒,进而经嘌呤霉素筛选获得稳转细胞系,实现IRGl基因在RAW264．7细胞基因表达的沉默。并通过布鲁菌l6M株及M5株感染基因沉默细胞对IRGl基因在布鲁菌感染中的作用进行研究。结果表明,慢病毒介导的shRNA高效、稳定地沉默了IRGl基因的表达,布鲁菌侵染RAW264．7细胞后IRGl基因表达上调。未试验为1RG1基因及相美调控基因抗布鲁菌病作用研究奠定了基础。     

鸡体细胞诱导重编程早期的糖代谢变化研究

为研究鸡体细胞诱导重编程早期的糖代谢方式的变化,试验采用OCT4、SOX2、NANOG和LIN28A(OSNL)四因子诱导体系将鸡胚成纤维细胞(Chicken embryo fibroblasts,CEF)重编程为诱导多能干细胞(Induced pluripotent stem cells,iPS),并利用碱性磷酸酶染色、阶段特异性胚胎抗原1(Stage-specific embyronic antigen-1,SSEA-1)免疫荧光染色、体外诱导分化及多能性基因表达检测等对iPS进行鉴定。通过检测重编程过程中糖代谢相关基因表达及酶活性的变化,并对葡萄糖摄取量、乳酸产生量及线粒体膜电位检测等研究鸡体细胞诱导重编程早期的糖代谢变化。结果显示,鸡CEF诱导重编程形成的iPS呈碱性磷酸酶染色阳性,表达SSEA-1蛋白,体外分化形成类胚体且表达多能性标记基因。同时重编程过程中氧化磷酸化基因表达下调而糖酵解相关基因表达上调,糖酵解关键酶活性均增强,且iPS的葡萄糖吸收量及乳酸产生量增加,而线粒体膜电位则下降。结果表明,OSNL四因子体系将鸡CEF诱导重编程形成iPS的过程中,细胞的主要糖代谢方式从氧化磷酸化转变为糖酵解,而糖酵解的激活可能会进一步促进iPS的形成。     

牛瘤胃上皮细胞中挥发性脂肪酸吸收相关蛋白在白细胞介素10诱导下的差异表达研究

本研究旨在探讨炎症因子（白细胞介素10, IL-10）对牛瘤胃上皮细胞中挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）吸收相关蛋白基因表达的影响。试验采用随机区组设计,在瘤胃上皮细胞体外培养条件下,研究50 ng·mL^-1浓度的IL-10对牛瘤胃上皮细胞中核因子（NF-κB）、假定阴离子转运蛋白1（PAT1）、阴离子交换蛋白2（AE2）、单羧酸转运蛋白1（MCT1）、单羧酸转运蛋白4（MCT4）、钠氢离子交换蛋白1（NHE1）基因表达的影响。结果表明,在中性条件下,IL-10添加显著下调了NF-κB、PAT1、MCT1、NHE1基因的表达（P<0.05）,AE2基因的表达显著性上调（P<0.05）,而对MCT4基因的表达没有显著影响。在酸性条件下,IL-10添加组的NF-κB基因表达被显著性抑制（P<0.05）,而PAT1、MCT1、MCT4基因表达显著上调（P<0.05）。pH5.5组与pH7.2组比较,pH5.5组NF-κB基因表达显著性上调（P<0.05）。结果提示,在炎症条件下,白细胞介素10作为一种抗炎因子,可以缓解瘤胃上皮细胞炎症反应从而促进VFA吸收相关蛋白基因的表达。     

Bovine viral diarrhea viruses modulate toll-like receptors, cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules genes expression in bovine peripheral blood monocytes

We have used noncytopathic (ncp) and cytopathic (cp) Bovine Viral Diarrhea Viruses (BVDV) to determine the expression levels of TLR genes, type I IFN, pro-inflammatory and Th1/Th2 cytokine gene expression in bovine monocytes. In general, both BVDV strains had similar effects. However, we found some significant differences that could be due to biological differences between cp and ncp BVDV strains. TLR3 was significantly up-regulated in 1h ncp, but not in cp BVDV- infected monocytes, whereas TLR7 expression dominated in 24h infection with both BVDV strains. Type I IFN and IL-12 gene expression was also significantly up-regulated in 1h ncp, but not cp BVDV infection that correlated with the enhanced TLR3 gene expression. Both BVDV biotypes suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6, co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, but did not change Th1 type cytokine IL-12 and INF-gamma, gene expression after 24h infection. We hypothesize that BVDV may escape immune responses by altering the expression of TLR 3 and 7 and their signaling pathways.     

禽致病性大肠杆菌Hcp2b对雏鸡气管黏膜细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用通路的影响

T6SS （type VI secretion system）是革兰阴性菌中常见的一种分泌系统,其效应蛋白Hcp2b作用机制迄今仍未明晰。本研究以禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC） Hcp2b蛋白为研究主体,旨在探究Hcp2b蛋白在APEC感染鸡气管黏膜过程中发挥的作用及机制。采用Red重组方法以质粒pKD3为模板构建hcp2b缺失株,pSTV-28质粒连接hcp2b目的片段构建重组载体,导入感受态Δhcp2b菌株构建回复株,并对Δhcp2b菌株的生长曲线进行测定。7日龄雏鸡气管感染hcp2b缺失株及野生株,感染后12、24 h收集鸡气管黏膜细胞进行转录组学测序及生物信息学分析。结果表明,hcp2b缺失株及回复株构建成功,hcp2b基因缺失对菌株的生长性能无影响。hcp2b基因缺失株感染气管黏膜后,mRNA的表达谱发生变化,感染后12 h,有144个基因表达量发生变化（上调差异基因87个,下调57个）;感染后24 h,有135个基因表达量发生变化（上调差异基因79个,下调56个）。生物信息学分析发现差异基因富集在Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction、Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum等信号通路。hcp2b基因缺失未影响APEC的生长特性,hcp2b基因缺失后影响雏鸡气管黏膜Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction通路基因mRNA转录水平的变化,IL-1β、IL-12b的表达均上调。该结果为APEC的致病机制研究提供了理论依据。     

A differential interplay between the expression of Th1/Th2/Treg related cytokine genes in Teladorsagia circumcincta infected DRB1*1101 carrier lambs

ABSTRACT: Substantial debate exists on whether the immune response between sheep resistant and susceptible to gastrointestinal nematodes can be differentiated into a Th1 and Th2 phenotype. The present study addresses the hypothesis that variation in resistance to Teladorsagia circumcincta between DRB1*1101 (associated with reduced faecal egg count and worm burden) carriers and non-carriers is due to a differential interplay in the expression of Th1/Th2 and regulatory T (Treg) related cytokine genes. Lambs from each genotype were either slaughtered at day 0 (un-infected control) or infected with 3 × 104 Teladorsagia circumcincta L3 and slaughtered at 3, 7, 21, and 35 days later. Lambs carrying the DRB1*1101 allele had a significantly lower worm burden (P < 0.05) compared to the non-carriers. Abomasal mucosal cytokine gene expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and comparison made for time and genotype effects. The response generated varied through the course of infection and was affected by genotype. DRB1*1101 carriers had an up-regulated expression of the Th1-related cytokine genes (IL-1β, TNFα, and IFN-γ) at day 3, but this was replaced by an up-regulated expression of Th2-related cytokine genes (IL-10 and IL-13) and Treg-related cytokine genes (IL-2RA-CD25, TGFα, TGFβ, Arg2, MIF and FOXP3) by day 7. Conversely, in the non-carriers these changes in gene expression were delayed until days 7 and 21 post infection (pi), respectively. It is concluded that resistance to Teladorsagia circumcincta in animals carrying the DRB1*1101 allele is influenced by an earlier interplay between Th1, Th2 and T regulatory immune response genes.     

ASH1L甲基转移酶在牛卵丘细胞中的表达与功能研究

旨在探究缺失、小的、同源异形1（absent，small，or homeotic 1-like，ASH1L）甲基转移酶在牛卵丘细胞中的表达与功能。本研究通过免疫荧光染色在健康母牛卵丘细胞中对ASH1L甲基转移酶进行定位，并分析细胞的组蛋白H3第36位赖氨酸（histone H3 lysine36，H3K36）甲基化修饰模式；合成靶向Ash1L基因的siRNA，对siRNA-1、siRNA-2、siRNA-3及对照组进行荧光定量PCR和蛋白质免疫印迹，筛选有效siRNA；采用荧光定量PCR分析干扰Ash1L表达对处理组及对照组中凋亡相关基因及多梳抑制复合体（polycomb repressive complex 2，PRC2）组成基因的表达水平的影响。结果显示，ASH1L甲基转移酶位于牛卵丘细胞的细胞核中，呈点状分布。成功筛选到能有效干扰牛Ash1L基因的siRNA-2，其干扰效率为60%~70%。将siRNA-2转染卵丘细胞后，该干扰组细胞中H3K36的单甲基化、二甲基化及三甲基化3种甲基化水平均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；干扰Ash1L导致凋亡相关基因Bax、Bcl-2及caspase-3表达水平显著上调，凋亡基因Bax和caspase-3表达量高于抗凋亡相关基因Bcl-2（1.311和1.179 vs 1.146）；同时，干扰Ash1L基因表达也引起PRC2蛋白亚基EZH2和Suz12基因的mRNA表达量显著升高（P<0.05）。综上所述，本研究探讨了ASH1L甲基转移酶在牛卵丘细胞中的表达和功能，ASH1L在牛卵丘细胞中呈点状分布，且Ash1L基因的抑制导致H3K36me1/2/3水平均显著下降及凋亡基因和PRC2蛋白相关亚基EZH2和Suz12基因表达的升高，为进一步研究其对家畜胚胎的调控作用提供技术和理论基础。