影响精液质量的几个冷冻技术因素

本文提出冷冻精液生产工艺的技术关键是由冷冻温度和降温速度所构成的精液冷冻温度曲线，通过对国内１５个省，市级牛冷冻精液生产单位的生产工艺程序进行监测，对细管型及颗粒型精液冷冻温度曲线的类型，存在的问题及其影响因素进行了分析研究，提出了提高牛冷冻精液质量的建议。     

蔗糖,牛血清白蛋白和锌离子对白绒山羊精液冷冻效果的影响

在传统的甘油－卵黄－柠檬酸盐稀释液的基础上，Ｂ液内分别添加了３种浓度的蔗糖、牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）、锌离子进行分析比较。结果表明，添加蔗糖的保护液较传统的保护液能更有效地冻存精液，１００ｍＭ组精子活力显著提高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＢＳＡ和锌离子对精液冻存无显著影响（Ｐ〉０．０５），但都具有一定的保护作用。改良稀释液的精子活力比传统稀释液的提高３２．７％（Ｐ〈０．０１）。细管精液的冻存效果显著高于颗粒精     

FERTILITY OF FROZEN BOAR SEMEN USED FOR AI IN COMMERCIAL SETTINGS

Surgical insemination was the least efficient means to procure offspring (27% farrow rate). However, it offers to be an effective means for generating offspring from limited semen supplies or semen having high value (i.e. genetic merit or gender selected sperm). Transcervical AI resulted in an overall 40% farrow rate. However, there was a significant farm effect observed and this was anticipated in considering the variation in management and personnel practices.
The application of frozen boar semen for commercial practice has merit. Although the fertility of frozen semen is below that of fresh semen, it is a low cost and efficient method for introgressing new germplasm (genetics) into a current genetic base. With respect to seedstock suppliers, the lowered fertility associated with frozen semen is acceptable when it is looked upon as a means to introduce new genetics for research purposes.     

呋喃妥因残留代谢物人工抗原的合成与鉴定

利用对醛基苯甲酸对呋喃妥因代谢物1-氨基乙内酰脲(1-Aminohydantoin hydrochloride,AHD)进行衍生化,衍生物1-氨基乙内酰脲-4-羧苯基肟(CPAHD)通过混合酸酐法与牛血清蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)偶联,用紫外扫描(UV)和变性凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对偶联物进行验证。将偶联成功的人工全抗原(CPAHD-BSA)免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过间接酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定小鼠血清抗体效价为1:32 000。用间接竞争ELISA鉴定抗体特性,结果显示:抗体对AHD与对硝基苯甲醛的衍生物(NPAHD)的灵敏度高,IC50为30.63μg/L,特异性好,与CPAHD有部分交叉反应外,与其他3类硝基呋喃类药物及代谢产物无交叉反应(交叉反应率<0.01%)。结果表明,用CPAHD-BSA作免疫原免疫小鼠可诱导产生针对AHD衍生物(NPAHD)的特异性抗体,为进一步制备AHD单克隆抗体和研制快速筛选检测试剂盒奠定了基础。     

SERUM SPERMAGGLUTININS AND SEMEN QUALITY IN THE BULL

SUMMARY Three bulls injected with homologous semen or testis material developed spermagglutinins in serum while one control bull inoculated with egg white did not. In one bull a high spermagglutinin titre was associated with allergic epididymitis, a decreased proportion of motile spermatozoa, and an increased proportion of tail abnormalities. The palpable lesion persisted for 35 days, the spermagglutinin titre and semen abnormalities for a further 2 months. No change in semen quality was associated with the lower serum spermagglutinin titres in the other two treatment bulls or over comparable periods of time in the control bull. No naturally occurring spermagglutinins were found in a population of 50 bulls with varying semen qualities at an artificial breeding centre.     

上海地区奶牛犬新孢子虫病血清学抗体检测

为了掌握上海地区奶牛新孢子虫病的流行情况，应用酶联免疫吸附试验对上海地区奶牛血清样品进行新孢子虫病抗体检测。结果表明，被检的41个奶牛场1239份奶牛血清中有63份抗体阳性，阳性率为5．08％。各场阳性率变幅较大（0-44．23％）。     

THE EFFECT OF BOVINE EPHEMERAL FEVER VIRUS ON THE BOVINE FOETUS

Six pregnant heifers that were experimentally infected with bovine ephemeral fever virus produced normal calves. Foetuses of 8 heifers that were immune to bovine ephemeral fever were inoculated with bovine ephemeral fever virus. One was aborted after 36 days, but the cause of abortion could not be determined. One was sacrificed after 28 days. The foetus and its membranes were normal and neither virus nor antibody was demonstrated. The other 6 heifers produced normal calves. One calf, 501, inoculated after 160 days gestation, contained high levels of neutralising antibody in serum before ingestion of colostrum. The others, inoculated at gestational ages of 52 days to 157 days showed no evidence of neutralising antibody in blood samples collected at birth.