鹈鹕

鹈鹕属鹈形目(PELECANIFORMES)鹈鹕科(PELECANIDAE).主要繁殖产地在印度南部、缅甸及亚洲东部等亚热带。在全球有六种,分布于北纬六十度以南的北美洲和欧亚非大洋洲.我国有斑嘴鹈鹕产于河北省以南的东部地区,     

斑嘴鹈鹕(Pelecanus philippensis)行为谱

斑嘴鹈鹕(Pelecanus philippensis)是一种近危鸟类,为世界上鹈鹕属8种鸟之一,仅见于南亚及东南亚,分布面积为129000至181000km2,主要分布于印度、斯里兰卡、柬埔寨南部及苏门答腊岛沿海地区.在印度境内,在南部及东北部均有分布,主要集中于安德拉邦、泰米尔纳德邦、卡纳塔克邦及阿萨姆邦.本文提供...     

卷羽鹈鹕幼鸟感染大肠杆菌诊治报告

<正>卷羽鹈鹕(Pelecanus crispus)属鹈形目(Pele-caniforms)鹈鹕科(Pelecanidae),是一种大型游禽,被IUCN列为受威胁物种(Vulnerable),属国家二级重点保护动物[1-3]。上海动物园于20世纪50年代引进卷羽鹈鹕进行试养,并在20世纪70年代成功繁殖,现在种群已发展至40多只。从20世纪80年代开始探索鹈鹕的人工孵化和育雏技术并取得初步成功,从2008年开始,人工孵化和育雏的1周     

斑嘴环企鹅人工繁育初探

正斑嘴环企鹅(Spheniscus demersus)又名非洲企鹅,被列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(CITES)附录II,分布于非洲的南端海边,其叫声似驴与分布于南美洲秘鲁一带的洪氏环企鹅十分相似,但其体型小于洪氏环企鹅,并且在其喙的前端有一圈白色圆环,故称之为斑嘴环企鹅[1~3]。国内多家动物园都有饲养斑嘴环企鹅,尤其上海动物园在斑嘴环企鹅的繁殖方面做得非常成功,南昌市动物     

安徽省鸟类分布新纪录——白鹈鹕

2005年5月,在安徽省灵璧县灵西运河(117.460327E,33.771728N)救护白鹈鹕2只;2010年10月,在安庆市石门湖(116.973839E,30.535947N)观察到白鹈鹕2只,并拍摄到照片;同年11月在池州市升金湖(117.004395E,30.33288N)观察到白鹈鹕2只。经查阅文献资料核实,该乌为安徽省鸟类分布新纪录。     

斑嘴鹈鹕

斑嘴鹈鹕属大型游禽，最大特点就是有一张特大的皮囊嘴，捕鱼时利用大嘴连鱼带水一起吞入皮囊中，然后，通过收缩皮囊把水压出，将鱼吞水腹中。     

斑嘴野鸭不同公母配比对繁殖性能的影响研究

正为提高斑嘴野鸭的繁殖性能,向市场提供更多质优味美、营养丰富的商品斑嘴野鸭,满足消费需求。2003年课题组按照技术路线,进行不同公母配比对斑嘴野鸭繁殖性能的影响研究。现报告如下。1材料与方法1.1试验动物从人工驯养繁殖的斑嘴野鸭中选择公鸭200羽、母鸭500羽,按试验要求设计各组不同公母配比,随机分配,开产前1个月公母混群。1.2试验分组试验设A、B、C、D四组,公母配比     

鹈鹕痛风病

痛风是核蛋白摄入过剩所致的一种蛋白质代谢障碍性疾病 ,以尿酸盐和尿酸晶体在体内不同组织器官上的沉积为特征。该病广泛发生于鸡、火鸡、雉、鸽、丹顶鹤及其它珍禽 ,现将本园发生的 2例鹈鹕痛风病作一报道。鹈鹕 (Ｐｅｌｅｃａｎｕｓｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｅｎｓｉｓ)为国家二级保护动物 ,我园饲养的 2只鹈鹕因长期饲料品种单一 ,且为高蛋白饲料 (鱼类 ) ,最终引起此 2只鹈鹕分别于 1997年 9月及 1999年 5月死于痛风病。由于该病的活体诊断较困难 ,故只是在死后尸检才确诊为痛风。1　临床症状及病情概况2只鹈鹕均于死前半个月左右出现呆立、精神…     

提高斑嘴野鸭成活率的技术措施

斑嘴野鸭具有体型适中、肉质优良、繁殖力高等特点.在野生状态下,斑嘴野鸭自然孵化、育雏.为充分利用野鸭资源,保护野鸭品种多样性,满足市场需要,1999年慈溪市开始从事迁徙性斑嘴野鸭的驯养繁殖试验,开展人工孵化育雏等研究工作.2004年已人工孵化野鸭近万羽,成活率达97%以上.野鸭胆小食杂,善游泳、飞翔,抗逆性强,驯养繁殖野鸭一定要适应其生物学特性和生活习惯,特别要加强育雏期的饲养管理.     

浅谈斑嘴环企鹅的人工饲养与管理

正斑嘴环企鹅(学名:Phenisau demersus),又叫非洲企鹅,分布于非洲的南端海边。其叫声似驴,体重约2.8kg,体长约0.45m。[1]南昌动物园2007年4月底从上海动物园引进6只成年斑嘴环企鹅,经过精心饲养于2008年下半年开始产卵,并尝试繁殖,由于这一新增项目的经验不足以及设备等客观原因暂未取得成功,但获得一定的饲养管理经验,现总结如下。1企鹅的基本情况     

山西芦芽山自然保护区斑翅山鹑的生态研究

2011-2013年3-9月,在山西芦芽山自然保护区对斑翅山鹁的繁殖习性进行了观察研究,结果表明：本区斑翅山鹑为留鸟,在海拔1 400-1 480 m的低山丘陵灌草带种群数量居多,在海拔1 600-1700 m的低山疏林灌丛带较少,海拔1 700 m以上的地区没有该鸟活动。繁殖前3月的种群平均密度为0.15只/hm^2,繁殖后的9月种群平均密度为0.25只/hm^2。3月末至6月进入繁殖期,年繁殖1次,1雄1雌制;雌雄共同营巢,营巢期6-7 d;窝卵数13-15枚,雌鸡孵卵,孵化期23-24 d,孵化率93.8%,成活率88.6%,繁殖力6.5只;雏在巢时间5-7 h,雏鸟早成性,雌雄鸡共同完成巢外育雏。近年来,斑翅山鹑的种群数量呈下降趋势,应加强保护。     

山西芦芽山自然保护区三道眉草鹀的繁殖生态

2008～2009年,在山西芦芽山自然保护区对9窝三道眉草鹀的繁殖生态进行了观察,该鸟在本区3月种群遇见率为2.9只/km,9月后为5.07只/km,繁殖后比繁殖前增长42.8%;繁殖期为4～7月,营巢期6 d,窝卵数3～5枚,孵卵期12～13 d,孵化率为86%,成活率89.5%,巢内育雏12～13 d,巢外育雏7～8 d。     

山西芦芽山自然保护区鹪鹩繁殖生态观察

2001-2003年,在山西芦芽山自然保护区对14窝鹪鹩(Troglodytes troglodytes)的繁殖生态进行了观察,该鸟在本区3月份种群遇见率为2.27只/km,9月后为3.27只/km,繁殖后比繁殖前增长44.1%;繁殖期为4-8月,最早营巢期为4月22日,营巢期7d,窝卵数3-5枚,孵卵期13-14d,年繁殖力1.8只,孵化率为85.1%,成活率86.96%,巢内育雏14- 15d,巢外育雏7-8d。     

灰鹦鹉的饲养及繁育初探

本文以成都动物园饲养的1对灰鹦鹉及其于2003～2009年间产下的19枚卵和孵化出的17只幼年鹦鹉为研究对象,探讨了成年灰鹦鹉在圈养条件下的饲养和繁殖过程,包括巢箱的设计制作、人工孵育流程、人工育雏饲料配方等,并以收集自然育雏条件下雏鸟增重的数据为依据,对人工育雏幼年鹦鹉的饲喂量和饲喂方式进行了探讨。结果表明:给配对的灰鹦鹉提供种类丰富、营养均衡的食物是繁殖的关键;繁殖巢箱是自然孵育的关键;人工孵育是提高灰鹦鹉繁殖率的重要手段;灰鹦鹉的孵化期为28～30 d。     

黄眉柳莺的人工巢箱利用率及对落叶松鞘蛾的防治效果

2000-2012年间在设置人工巢箱条件下,对内蒙古甘河林业局的黄眉柳莺繁殖生态进行了研究,收集了窝卵数、占巢率及对落叶松鞘蛾的防治效果等。统计分析表明：黄眉柳莺每年5月初返迁占巢,5月下旬产卵,窝卵数5-8枚,卵淡白色,具赤青色斑纹,且钝端密集。卵长径（14.75±0.56）mm,短径（11.78±0.59）mm。育雏期15-18 d,锥鸟存活率93.98%,建立了占巢率与落叶松鞘蛾虫口密度间、占巢率与窝卵数之间的一元关系式,黄眉柳莺人工巢箱防治区平均防治效果达到48.95%。     

黑天鹅人工繁育研究

2011年1～5月,在徐州睢宁对人工饲养的黑天鹅繁殖率进行了研究。研究发现,利用鸟类补卵的习性,人工饲养的黑天鹅可产卵4～5窝,一般间隔20 d可进入下一个产卵期,每窝6～8枚,年产量达30～40枚。施温方案以变温孵化为佳。温湿度分别为：前期（1～10 d）为38.5℃,55%;中期（11～20 d）为37.8℃,60%;后期（21～32 d）为37.8℃,65%;落盘（33～36 d）为37℃,75%。本实验通过对黑天鹅的饲养管理、配对、营巢、捡卵、孵化、育雏等研究,摸索了一套提高黑天鹅繁殖率的科学方法,为今后进一步提高黑天鹅人工繁育技术提供了重要的理论和实践方法。     

Management practices followed for draught cattle in the southern part of India

A study was conducted to determine the management practices followed by the farmers for draught cattle in Tamil Nadu state, India. Methods of procurement of animals, use of female animals, breeds preferred, housing, health, disposal of animals, feeding, shoeing, purchase of animal-drawn implements and their maintenance were all assessed with 210 farmers from seven districts across different agro-climatic zones in Tamil Nadu. The results revealed that 86 % of the respondents purchased the draught cattle from the livestock markets, most were bullocks but 20 small farmers and 5 medium farmers used female animals for ploughing. Among the indigenous breeds, Kangeyam (33 %) and Hallikar (30 %) breeds were the most popular for work. Most farmers (69 %) provided a mixed type of housing (provision of housing only during the night time and the rainy season) for their draught cattle. The major health problem reported by 63 % of respondents was pyrexia. Almost all farmers sold their animals at the age of 8–10 years. The feeding practices for draught cattle were poor especially with the small farmers. The cattle were fed with mainly paddy straw and rice bran. Oilcakes and cotton seeds were given to the animals which work throughout the year mainly for ploughing and carting. The draught cattle were first shod at around 2.5 years of age. The majority of the farmers (71 %) used the traditional animal-drawn implements made by local artisans, and the farmers were not aware of the new implements to reduce the drudgery of work cattle, designed by the Agricultural Machinery Research Centre and Agricultural Engineering Departments located in India.     

小金刚鹦鹉的饲养与繁育

以广州动物园和广州鹦鹉研究中心饲养的3对小金刚鹦鹉及其于2008-2013年间产下的72枚卵和孵化出的37只幼年鹦鹉为研究对象,探讨了成年小金刚鹦鹉在圈养条件下的饲养和繁殖过程,包括巢箱的设计制作、人工孵化、人工育雏、饲料配方等,并以收集自然育雏条件下雏鸟增重的资料为依据,对人育锥幼年鹦鹉的饲喂量和饲喂方式进行了探讨。结果表明：小金刚鹦鹉自然孵化的时间为28-30 d,种类丰富和营养均衡的日粮有利于小金刚鹦鹉的繁殖;繁殖巢箱的设计与挂置应满足亲鸟的繁殖需求,人工孵育可以提高小金刚鹦鹉繁殖率和成活率,可分别达300%和100%。     

Breeding performance of beef bulls assigned to two-sire cow groups on pasture

Angus, Polled Hereford and Santa Gertrudis bulls from ages 1 through 5 and 7 yr were assigned to 26 two-sire breeding groups. Each year, straightbred and crossbred cows of these breeds were allotted at random within breed composition, age of dam and calving date to breeding groups on pasture. Sires within each breeding group or pair were the same age at breeding and were two of the three breeds of sires. Neither calving rate nor the proportion of calves born by one vs the other sire in the two-sire breeding groups was affected by sire age among breeding groups. For a given breed, there was no uniformity among the sires in the proportion of calves they sired in their two-sire breeding groups. The proportion of calves born for the 26 sire pairs averaged .64 vs .36 (SE = 0.4 for either high or low value) for one vs the other sire in a sire pair with no indication that calving rate was affected by unequal proportions of calves by sires within sire pairs. Cows calved significantly earlier in the calving period (b = -.775 +/- .127) as calving rate increased among sire pairs. The number of days from the start of the breeding period to calf birth was affected by differences between sires in sire pairs for 8 of the 26 pairs, but there were no significant differences due to sire pair or breed of sire because of interaction between these two variables.     

Relative resistance of Dorper crossbred ewes to gastrointestinal nematode infection compared with St. Croix and Katahdin ewes in the southeastern United States

A study was conducted to evaluate relative resistance of Dorper crossbred (DO), Katahdin (KA), St. Croix (SC), and Hampshire (HA) ewes to natural and experimental gastro-intestinal (GI) nematode infection over a 20-month period. The objective of Experiment 1 was to evaluate breeds for resistance to infection acquired naturally from mixed grass pastures. In Year 1 (May-December 2000) de-worming of ewes occurred during wet, hot conditions in July and during late pregnancy in December. In Year 2 (January-December 2001), ewes were de-wormed after fecal egg count (FEC) for a breed group rose above 1000 eggs per gram (epg) or after blood packed cell volume (PCV) of an individual ewe fell below 20. FEC was determined every 28 days and PCV every 14-28 days. In both the years, ewes were pastured together, except during the 28-days breeding periods, on tall fescue, bermudagrass, or ryegrass, and rotated among pastures dependent on forage availability. Ewes were in good or excellent condition (body condition score of 3-4 out of 5) throughout the study. The objective of Experiment 2 was to evaluate the breeds for relative resistance to an experimental infection with Haemonchus contortus infective larvae. Both PCV and FEC were determined every 7 days from 14 to 42 days after inoculation with 30000 infective larvae per ewe. In Experiment 1, Year 1, FEC was slightly greater and PCV was lower from July to September in DO ewes (breed x time, P<0.001). In Year 2, de-worming occurred 14 days later in DO ewes compared with other breed types. Otherwise PCV and FEC were similar among the hair breeds and higher and lower, respectively, compared with HA ewes (breed x time, P<0.001). In Experiment 2, FEC and PCV were similar among hair breeds; FEC was lower and PCV higher in hair breeds compared with that of HA ewes (P<0.01). Relative resistance of mature Dorper crossbred ewes was comparable to that of Katahdin and St. Croix ewes and superior to that of Hampshire ewes.