Hylotrupes bajulus-Verpuppung und -Flug, deren Klimaabh?ngigkeit und Beziehung zur Artverbreitung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die Waldungen in unseren Kolonien und deren Benutzung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die Entwendung von aufgearbeitetem Holz im Walde und deren Bestrafung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Über die Polyederkrankheit vonDasychira pudipunda und deren Übertragung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Züchtung vonEmpusa muscae und deren Verwendung zur Fliegenbekämpfung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die Schwarzamsel (Turdus merula), deren Schaden und Versuche zur Abwehr

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Zur Kenntnis der Wechselbezichungen zwischen Bodenschädlingen,Unkräntern und deren BekämpfungsmaBnahmennahmen

Summary Although our investigations may be considered as orientation work only and we are still well aware of the fact that a new problem has been merely touched by us, we are convinced that there exists an evident dependency among weeds, soilpests and their control measures. The application of soil insecticides may in some cases increase the quantity of weeds on the treated surfaces considerably, whilst the application of herbicides may also increase the noxiousness of different soil insects. Since an intensified application of herbicides often involves a larger application of soil insecticides and vice versa, an application of soil insecticides may increase the necessity of herbicides applications. In our opinion a continuation and enlargement of such studies is very important, for only by knowing perfectly the complete biological action of every pesticide upon the whole complex of noxious and useful organisms, influencing directly or indirectly the development of cultured plants, pesticides can be used without provoking the danger of unforeseen negative effects. That is the preliminary condition for a really directed or integral plant protection in which one must know exactly what will be achieved by a protective measure. Although the terms directed or integral protection are today mainly used in connection with orchards and vineyards, they should be fully extended to cover the soil too, regardless whether annual plants which are the subject of less serious disturbances of the biocenosis are growing on it. In our opinion disturbances in the soil can be as hard to put in order as those in orchards or vineyards. Therefore it is very important to apply correctly all pesticides which are used for soil treatments, considering all negative effects which may accompanying them. Disturbances or changes in the balance of biocenosis of all organisms living in or on the soil must be particularly taken into consideration.

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Auf dem 6. Intern. Pflanzenschutzkongre?, Wien, 1967 gehaltener Vortrag.     

Prüfung der Auswirkungen von Pflanzenschutzmitteln auf Nutzarthropoden und deren Einbeziehung in die Zulassung

Tests of side-effects of pesticide on beneficial arthropods and their incorporation into registrationSimulated by the expences of integrated plant protection and based on the plant protection law of the Federal Republic of Germany, a German working group (directed by the Biologische Bundesansalt) since 1970 and an International (WPRS) Working Group since 1974 intiated a systematic study of side-effects of pesticides on beneficial (entomophagous) arthropods. The present status of this work is being reported which intends to obtain guide-lines for tests following standardized principles, which will allow, at first ona voluntary basis, acceptance os a test complementary to the protocol for registration as presently applied. This was officially started in the Fed, Rep. of Germany on October 1, 1975, covering, at first, 3 common and important species of entomophagous parasites (in the laboratory) and one field test developed for the surveys of the fauna of apple trees. Some details of the test, the evaluation of results, and the contributions of experts from member countries of WPRS/IOBC are reported upon. This complementary test, geared from the beginning at an international cooperation, will lesd in all co-operating countries to an enlarged basis for a correct assessment of the total impact of pesticides as it is needed for an effective applicaton of integrated plant protection.     

Der Einfluß verschiedener Behandlungen von Fichtenjungbeständen auf deren Massen- und Wertleistung sowie die Bestandessicherheit gegen Wind und Schnee

Ohne Zusammenfassung Einige Ergebnisse aus einer gleichlautenden Dissertation (Klein 1978), angefertigt am Institut für Forsteinrichtung und Ertragskunde der Universit?t G?ttingen, Direktor: Prof. Dr.H. Kramer     

Verschmutzung von Blatt- und Nadeloberflächen im Nahbereich einer Autobahn und deren Einfluß auf den stomatären Diffusionswiderstand

Pollution of leaf and needle surfaces near a highway and its effect on stomatal diffusive resistance. Young clones of several trees and shrubs were exposed on the dividing strip of a highway in spring 1976. After three months, surfaces of leaves and needles were extremely polluted and their stomata occluded. During warm dry days in June and July stomatal diffusive resistance in aspen, birch, alder and ash showed a significant (P<0.02) decrease compared to control plants. Compared with the control, temperature on the strip was higher in the soil but not in the air. It is suggested that this pollution effect may cause an increased water stress and reduced growth of plants in dry, hot periods.     

Zum Einfluß der Lagertemperatur auf einige Eigenschaften der Kartoffel und deren Empfindlichkeit gegen die bakterielle Fäule,Erwinia carotovora (Jones)

Susceptibility of potato tubers to bacterial soft rot caused byErwinia carotovora was greatly increased when stored at relatively high temperature (30°C). Least rotting took place at low temperature (5°C). Increasing storage period lead to increase in tuber susceptibility to the disease, particularly at relatively high storage temperature. Ortho-dihydric phenols and dry matter contents of tubers were greatly decreased when they were stored at relatively high temperature as compared with those stored at low temperature. In contrast, activity of dehydrogenase enzyme was higher in tubers stored at relatively high temperature than of those of stored at low temperature. No correlation was found between susceptibility of tubers to rotting and the resulting physiological changes in their sugars contents due to temperatures and length of storage period.