斑点叉尾鮰病毒性疾病综述

本文综述了斑点叉尾鮰主要的病毒性疾病的流行情况、临床症状、诊断和治疗措施等,以期为斑点叉尾鮰的养殖生产和疾病防治提供参考依据.     

斑点叉尾触病毒性疾病综述

本文综述了斑点又尾(鱼回)主要的病毒性疾病的流行情况、临床症状、诊断和治疗措施等,以期为斑点又尾(鱼回)的养殖生产和疾病防治提供参考依据。     

斑点叉尾鮰人工繁殖实验

我们于1989年开始进行斑点叉尾鮰的人工繁殖试验研究，现将试验情况报告如下。     

红色和黑色斑点叉尾鮰人工繁殖试验

通过人工控制手段,促使红色斑点叉尾鮰与黑色斑点叉尾鮰自行配对、产卵、收集受精卵集中孵化,获得浅黑色的鱼苗;要获得稳定的红鮰鱼苗,必须采取红色斑点叉尾鮰自交的方法。     

广西地区斑点叉尾鮰人工繁殖试验

从池塘养殖的成鱼中选择亲鱼，培育至3龄以上，自然受精、人工孵化。4月上旬获第1批受精卵，经4d室内孵化。出苗36万尾，培育至7～8cm 32．4万尾，成活率达90％。比湖北地区产苗时间提前1个多月。     

斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼的运输

2000年3月30日,将美国密西西比品系原种斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctalus)亲鱼,自湖北荆州张家山渔场运往辽宁铁岭三家子渔场.起运亲鱼698尾共1 087kg,经20 h到达目的地,成活率97.9%.     

斑点叉尾鮰的人工繁殖技术

阐述了斑点叉尾的人工繁殖技术，其中包括亲鱼池的条件、亲鱼的选择与培育、亲鱼的产卵以及鱼卵的孵化。     

斑点叉尾鮰大规格鱼种培育技术

使用面积2668m^2的池塘进行斑点叉尾鮰大规格鱼种培育试验，通过合理投喂、采取有效的水质调控和疾病控制，结果共收获斑点叉尾鮰大规格鱼种1090．6kg，平均规格41．5g／尾，成活率为87．6％，平均每667m^2利润为1680．5元。     

斑点叉尾鮰的养殖

斑点叉尾鲴(Ictalurus punctatus)，原产于美国东南和中南诸州，是美国的主要淡水养殖品种之一，其年产量占美国淡水养殖总产量的一半以上．斑占又尾鮰在美国除了供作食用之外，部分也作为娱乐性游钓鱼之用．1984年该品种首批引入我国湖北省水产科学研究所，     

斑点叉尾鮰和云斑鮰的孵化方法

斑点叉尾鲴Ictalurus punctatus和云斑鮰Ictalurus nebulosus都是1984年从美国引进的，前者又称沟鲶，英文名是Channel catfish，后者又称褐首鲶，英文名是brown bullheact这二种鱼是北美重要的商品性养殖鱼类，我国目前正在推广养殖。由于它们的繁殖习性与青、草、鲢、鳙等鲤科鱼类不同，因此，人工繁殖的技术设备也有其自己的特点。本文着重介绍孵化槽、环道和产卵桶三种设备。     

防治斑点叉尾鮰细菌病的药物筛选及野外治疗效果

利用从患病的斑点叉尾鮰上分离的致病菌,在试管内测定16种抗菌药物对致病菌的抑、杀菌效果的基础上,选择对致病菌株的最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度比较低的盐酸土霉素和烟酸诺氟沙星作为野外治疗用药物。在饵料中添加15.0 mg/kg的盐酸土霉素或者烟酸诺氟沙星,每天投喂1次,连续投喂5 d,对斑点叉尾鮰的细菌病有很好的治疗效果。     

Detection of channel catfish virus in asymptomatic adult channel catfish,Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque)*

Abstract. Two populations of channel catfish were examined for the presence of channel catfish virus (CCV) by use of a nucleic acid probe. In one population of 22 fish with no history of CCV, viral DNA was found in every liver. These fish had previously been examined by a technique involving co-cultivation of their leucocytes with catfish tissue culture cells. The co-cultivation method had identified virus in 10 of these fish. The second fish population consisted of 14 adults that had survived a CCV outbreak in 1980. Of the 14 fish, 11 showed positive indication of CCV DNA. The tissue distribution of the CCV differed from fish to fish. All fish from the first group and one fish from the second group showed some alterations in the DNA banding patterns expected from pure CCV DNA. This might be indicative of modifications in the genomic structure of the CCV DNA when the virus is latent in a fish.     

斑点叉尾鮰呼肠孤病毒CCRV诱导CCK细胞凋亡的研究

为研究斑点叉尾(鱼回)呼肠孤病毒(CCRV)诱导斑点叉尾(鱼回)肾脏细胞(CCK)发生凋亡的机理,以CCRV感染的CCK细胞为实验材料,采用Hoechst 33258染色、DNA片段化检测、TUNEL反应、亚G1期细胞检测以及线粒体膜电位变化检测等方法进行实验.感染试验结果显示,病毒感染斑点叉尾(鱼回)肾脏组织细胞后,细胞变圆、皱缩,随后细胞脱落,细胞单层呈网状,感染72 h后出现典型细胞病变效应(CPE);病毒感染48 h后Hoechst 33258染色结果显示,细胞的染色质固缩、核边缘化或破裂,可观察到凋亡小体,细胞凋亡率随时间增加;DNA片段化检测结果显示,病毒感染细胞12 h后细胞基因组DNA出现片段化,随后逐渐增强,72 h达到最高;TUNEL反应结果表明,病毒感染细胞72 h后细胞基因组DNA断裂,有大量游离3’末端自由羟基(-OH)存在.亚G1期细胞检测结果显示,病毒感染48 h后,约53.44％细胞处于亚G1期;利用JC-1检测试剂盒检测病毒感染细胞的线粒体膜电位变化,病毒感染细胞24 h后线粒体膜通透性发生改变,膜电位变化显著.紫外线灭活与热灭活的斑点叉尾(鱼回)呼肠孤病毒不能诱导斑点叉尾(鱼回)肾脏细胞发生凋亡,表明细胞凋亡依赖于病毒复制.     

水库网箱养殖斑点叉尾鮰试验

8口养殖网箱,规格为5 m×4 m×3 m,投放斑点叉尾鮰鱼种21 600尾,养殖20个月,总成活率91.3%,饲料系数1.81,平均体重817 g;销售收入16.1万元,利润2.9万元,投入产出比为1∶1.22。     

Studies on the manganese requirement of fingerling channel catfish

Fingerling channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were fed purified diets containing varying levels of manganese for 13 weeks in two experiments. Weight gain and feed efficiency data of catfish fed the basal diet (2.4 mg Mn/kg diet) were not significantly different from those of catfish fed manganese-supplemented diets in both experiments. Liver manganese superoxide dismutase activity, liver manganese concentration, serum alkaline phosphatase activity and hexosamine content of gill filament cartilage did not differ in catfish fed basal and manganese-supplemented diets. Bone manganese concentration increased almost linearly with increasing dietary manganese levels. The 2.4 mg Mn/kg supplied by the basal diet was apparently sufficient to meet the manganese requirement of fingerling channel catfish during these experiments.     

Dietary copper requirement of fingerling channel catfish

Purified egg white diets containing incremental levels of copper (as CuSO₄·5 H₂O) were fed to fingerling channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to determine their dietary copper (Cu) requirement. Catfish in aquaria were fed diets containing 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 mg of supplemental copper/kg diet for 13 weeks. Growth and feed efficiency data, as well as hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyte count values were similar for catfish fed the basal diet which contained 0.89 mg Cu/kg diet and all copper-supplemented diets. A diet containing 40 mg of supplemental copper/kg was also fed in this experiment since 16 and 32 mg of supplemental copper/kg had previously been reported to cause suppressed growth of channel catfish. Those fed the 40 mg of supplemental copper/kg diet had similar growth and feed efficiency values as catfish fed the other diets. At the end of week 13, heart cytochrome c oxidase and liver copper—zinc superoxide dismutase activities were significantly reduced in catfish fed diets containing 0 and 2 mg of supplemental copper/kg as compared to those fed 4 mg/kg or more of supplemental copper. Based on the enzymatic data, the minimum dietary copper requirement of channel catfish was determined to be approximately 5 mg of total copper/kg diet.