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通过分层随机取样,对北京市中心城区行道树种类构成、应用频度、多样性指数、径阶结构、树高组成及季相结构进行研究。结果表明:北京市中心城区行道树共有13科21种,其中常绿与落叶的比例为24︰1;行道树种类丰富度较高,但分布不均匀;新城区在行道树树种丰富度上总体要高于老城区;行道树径阶结构分布上,老城区偏大,新城区则偏小;在行道树树高方面,二者差异不明显;中心城区行道树在季相结构上,以夏、秋为主,春季景观较薄弱。根据北京市现状,采取引入新品种、控制树种搭配等改进措施,可以缓解行道树绿化当前存在的问题。 相似文献
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为给南宁市行道树规划和建设提供参考,对南宁市主要道路的园林绿化状况进行全面踏勘,在5个城区中筛选出143条道路,对其行道树进行调查与分析。结果表明,南宁市共有行道树41种,隶属于21科31属,树种组成较丰富;常绿树种与落叶树种的比例为4.125∶1,乡土树种和引进树种的比例为2.154∶1。常用行道树有天桃木(Mangifera persiciforma)、雅榕(Ficus concinna)、秋枫(Bischofia javanica)、人面子(Dracontomelon duperreanum)和凤凰木(Delonix regia)等;天桃木(Mangifera persiciforma)和雅榕(Ficus concinna)的应用频度较高。行道树健康状况综合评分为81.68分,道路绿地达标率为83.11%,林荫路推广率为87.9%。除西乡塘区外,其他城区的行道树多样性指数与物种丰富度指数呈正相关;多样性指数表现为兴宁区>青秀区>良庆区>西乡塘区>江南区。季相树种在兴宁区中的应用较均衡;整体来看,南宁市行道树季相变化不明显;春、夏季景观效果相对较好,秋和冬季... 相似文献
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梅州市城区行道树的结构特征 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
采用抽样调查方法对梅州市城区20条主要道路的行道树进行调查,分析梅州城区行道树的组成特征、结构特征,探讨多样性指数和物种重要值.结果表明:1)梅州城区行道树共有13科18属23种7 133株,其平均胸径、平均冠幅、平均树高分别为27.59 cm,4.10 m,6.94 m,总体上看,平均冠幅偏小;2)物种丰富度指数S、ShannonWiener指数H和Simpson指数D偏小且各道路问差异明显,说明各道路行道树存在一定程度的物种单一性、层次的单调性;3)梅州市城区行道树优势树种是大叶榕、垂榕、大王椰子,次优势种为海南榄仁、阿珍榄仁、阴香,它们是梅州城市街道绿化的好树种.基于南亚热带植物区系的特点,提出了梅州城区行道树的骨干树种、一般树种、试用树种名单,共计50种. 相似文献
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运用W.比特利希的可变样圆半径的角规标准地法,在广东封开黑石顶自然保护区选择一种亚热带常绿阔叶林群落,随机布设20个可变半径为50D(D为林木胸径)的调查样圆。调查研究该群落的植物区系及各个树种的密度、相对密度、频度、相对频度、显著度、相对显著度及重要值并据此确定群落的优势及亚优势种;运用分层株数及频度的方法思想把群落按树种分为下层:Ⅰ层,10m以下;Ⅱ层,10—20m;Ⅲ层,20m以上。根据同一树种在以上三层中频度和株数的变化规律及该树种的生态学和生物学特性,初步把该群落的主要树种划分为四种类型:衰退型:如马尾松、福建青冈、米椎;进展型:如黄果厚壳桂、红鳞蒲桃、显脉新木姜;稳定型:如绒英红豆、短花序楠;待变型:如小硬叶楠、铁榄等。应用分层频度(株数)法不仅可以预测某一植物群落区系的未来群落优势种,及未来群落上层树种的结构动态,还可以作为群落是否达到顶极状态的一项数量判别方法。 相似文献
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牡丹江市城区街路行道树现状分析及树种选择 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
街路行道树是城市的绿色血脉,具有组织引导交通、消除噪音、净化空气、直观反映城市面貌等作用。街路行道树树种的选择对改善城市的生态环境具有重要作用,现对牡丹江市城区街路行道树现状进行分析,对适宜我市行道树树种进行选择栽植。 相似文献
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通过实地踏查的方法,对黑龙江省海林市城区主要街道的行道树进行了调查,指出该城市主要行道树种类包括裸子植物1科2属2种、被子植物11科14属17种;对行道树的树种选择及应用现状进行了分析,并对丰富和发展海林市今后城市街道绿化美化提出建议。 相似文献
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对长沙市23条主次干道行道树绿带的植物组成及其健康状况进行调查,结果表明:(1)长沙市行道树绿带常用植物种类约有96种,其中约占总数29%的为高大乔木,且常绿树种的应用比例约为4/5;出现频率超过45%的树种有7种,即香樟、广玉兰、桂花、金叶女贞、红檵木、四季桂等,但香樟、广玉兰、桂花、悬铃木等树种的均匀度相对较低;(2)长沙市行道树绿带中应用的灌木有40余种,山茶、栀子、杜鹃、月季、紫薇等观花灌木较多,特别是山茶所占的比例最大,占所调查全部灌木植物总数的22.5%;(3)长沙市行道树的胸径径级结构分布比较合理,但树高等级上的分布相对不合理,且长沙市行道树绿带中的植物的健康水平总体上属于中等偏上;(4)在长沙市行道树绿带中观花植物种类有20种,观果植物8种,观叶植物11种,观形植物11种,且长沙市城市道路绿化的主色调为绿色,常绿树种和落叶树种之比为4∶1。 相似文献
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行道树作为城市道路景观和绿地系统的重要组成部分,在改善城市生态环境、美化城市形象等方面发挥着重要的作用。本文以苏州市平江区的行道树为研究对象,对其种类、数量、生长状况以及绿化和种植方式展开调查和分析。结果表明平江区行道树主要由9种木本植物组成,共计6091棵,其中香樟和二球悬铃木数量最多,分别占总数的43.47%和29.88%。二球悬铃木的胸径和冠幅均明显大于其它树种。平江区主、次干道行道树树种丰富,搭配多样;而支干路和快速路的行道树树种单一。平江区主要道路行道树的绿化形式多为多板多带式,而绿化方式则多为树带式和树池式组合。本文为今后苏州市平江区原有道路绿化养护管理和新建道路绿化建设提供依据。 相似文献
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Janusz Zwolinski 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(4):37-42
Acacia karroo is an indigenous, strong drought-tolerant and widely planted tree in South Africa. In order to match the plant with its adaptation to forest sites in China, it is important to know the drought-tolerance of this species under Chinese forest site conditions. Our study was carried out in cinnamon soils in Beijing and with Platycladus orientalis, the most drought-tolerant tree in Beijing, as control. Physiological parameters of young plants of the trees were measured and divided into three groups in response to soil drying. The first group included root activity, ABA content in roots and peroxidase (POD) activity in leaves. Their values changed similarly to those of P. orientalis and dramatically increased to maximum values when the soil water content (SWC) decreased from its normal level of 20% to 7.6% where the three indices decreased dramatically when SWC was reduced further from 7.6%. The second group of parameters included the contents of proline, soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA). Their values showed greater variation than those of P. orientalis and significantly increased when SWC decreased from 20% in response to soil drying. However, the proline and soluble protein contents fluctuated in A. karroo at a lower level than those in P. orientalis. In contrast, the content of MDA in A. karroo was much higher than that in P. orientalis which almost did not increase in the drying soil. The third group of parameters consisted of soluble sugar, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). These parameters showed greater diversity and fluctuations among the three varieties of A. karroo compared with the control in response to soil drying. These results suggest that A. karroo is characterized as a strong, drought tolerant species in most of physiological parameters but weaker than P. orientalis in membrane lipid antioxidation. 相似文献
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Diurnal and seasonal variations in leaf hydraulic conductance in evergreen and deciduous trees 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We studied changes in the hydraulic conductance of leaves (K(leaf)) between dawn and dusk during the growth period (July) and at midday at the beginning of autumn in four tree species. The main objectives of the study were to check the extent of diurnal and seasonal changes in K(leaf) and the relationships between K(leaf), irradiance and leaf gas exchange. Two evergreen (Aleurites moluccana and Persea americana) and two deciduous trees (Platanus orientalis and Quercus rubra) were studied. Leaf hydraulic conductance was measured every 2 h between 0700 and 1900 h in July and compared with values measured between 0900 and 1300 h in October. Other variables measured were photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), leaf conductance to water vapor (gL) and water potential (psiL). In July, K(leaf) varied by up to 75% in Pe. americana on a diurnal basis and by at least 44% in Q. rubra. The diurnal time course of K(leaf) showed a distinct increase between dawn and late morning (1100 h) and a subsequent decrease in the evening in A. moluccana and Pl. orientalis, whereas in the other two species, K(leaf) was highest just after dawn and lowest in the evening. In October, K(leaf) of all the species studied was lower than in July, with differences of 20 to 28% for A. moluccana and Pl. orientalis and of 66 to over 70% in Pe. americana and Q. rubra, respectively. Significant correlations were found between PAR and K(leaf) (in all species) as well as between gL and K(leaf) (in three out of four species). Leaf habit (evergreen or deciduous) did not influence absolute values of K(leaf) or its diurnal variation. 相似文献
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