共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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LING Hai-Qing LIU Shao-Ming OUYANG Ge-Cheng YANG Yue-Ping HUANG Hao-Wei GE Jia-Jun XIONG Jin-Jun 《昆虫天敌》2008,(3)
选取4种非寄主植物柠檬桉Eucalyptus citriodora、樟树Cinnamomum camphora、白千层Melaleuca leucadendron、夹竹桃Nerium indicum,初步研究了这4种植物叶子提取物对橘小实蝇Bactroceradorsalis的产卵拒避作用。以无水乙醇作溶剂,供试4种植物中的白千层提取物对橘小实蝇具有较强的产卵拒避作用。检测了橘小实蝇对4种植物的乙醇提取物的触角电位值,发现各生物测定值与雌虫触角电位值呈显著相关性,表明其中的挥发性组分是橘小实蝇对植物提取物产生拒避反应的重要原因之一。用无水乙醇、乙醚、石油醚、二氯甲烷作溶剂,分别提取白千层叶,仅乙醇提取物有显著拒避作用;用这4种溶剂分别提取樟树叶,则无水乙醇、乙醚、石油醚作溶剂的提取物都有较好效果。 相似文献
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Neem(Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed kernel (NSK) extracts,viz., NSK aqueous suspension (NSKS), ethanolic extract of NSK (EtOH. NSK), hexane extract of NSK (neem oil), ethanolic extract
of the hexane extract (EtOH. oil) and acetone extract of deoiled NSK powder (Acet. DNSKP) at 1.25-20% concentrations, and
pure azadirachtin at 1.25-10 ppm, were evaluated as oviposition deterrents toBactrocera cucurbitae (Coq.) andB. dorsalis Hendel. NSKS at ≥5% under choice test conditions, and at all concentrations (≥1.25%) in no-choice tests significantly deterred
oviposition in both species. Similarly, EtOH. NSK was significantly active at all the concentrations tested for both species
in choice and no-choice tests. However, with neem oil and EtOH. oil sensitivities of the two species differed considerably.
Both extracts deterred oviposition byB. cucurbitae at all the concentrations tested under both choice and no-choice test conditions. On the other hand, withB. dorsalis, neem oil was significantly deterrent only at 20% in both test regimes and at 5% and 20% for EtOH. oil under choice and no-choice
test conditions, respectively. Acet. DNSKP significantly deterred oviposition by both species at all concentrations tested.
Azadirachtin failed to deter oviposition in either species. 相似文献
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Grant T McQuate Roy T Cunningham Steven L Peck Paul H Moore 《Pest management science》1999,55(5):574-576
The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a tephritid fruit fly that is a serious pest of a wide range of tropical fruits. Populations of oriental and other fruit fly species are often suppressed by utilizing aerial or ground sprays of hydrolysed protein bait mixed with malathion. Although proven to be efficacious, spraying food bait mixed with malathion in urban areas is strongly opposed by the public because of perceived public health and environmental risks. To suppress the population level of oriental fruit fly in a guava orchard in Hawaii, we used the light-activated xanthene dye, phloxine B (2′,4′,5′,7′ -tetrabromo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein, disodium salt), as an alternative to malathion in protein bait sprays. Because phloxine B must be ingested to be toxic, it is expected that phloxine B bait sprays will have less impact on non-target insects than the contact insecticide malathion. Evidence of suppression of oriental fruit fly population in the treatment orchard was provided by both protein bait trap catches and assessment of fruit infestation. This suppression was achieved even though there was an unsprayed guava orchard on two sides of the small (less than 2.0 ha) sprayed orchard. These results, combined with results for other fruit fly species (presented elsewhere), indicate that phloxine B-protein bait sprays can be effective in suppressing populations of several different fruit fly species and that phloxine B is a potential replacement for malathion in bait sprays for tephritid fruit fly suppression/eradication programs. 相似文献
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Insecticide resistance of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in mainland China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: In order to investigate the extent of resistance of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), which is a widespread pest throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate fruit crops, 25 populations of this insect were collected from 13 sites in mainland China in 2007 and 2008. In addition, resistant strains were established that showed increasing development of resistance. RESULTS: Compared with the susceptible strain, one population of B. dorsalis expressed high resistance (RR = 70.4‐fold), 16 populations expressed medium resistance (11.5‐fold < RR < 25.8‐fold) and eight populations had low resistance or remained susceptible (1.4‐fold < RR < 8.9‐fold) to trichlorphon. As regards β‐cypermethrin, one population showed high resistance (RR = 44.0‐fold), nine populations expressed medium resistance (12.2‐fold < RR < 28.4‐fold), 14 populations expressed low or minor resistance (3.0‐fold < RR < 9.7‐fold) and one population remained susceptible (RR = 1.1‐fold). As regards avermectin, five populations had developed high resistance (44.3‐fold < RR < 104‐fold), seven populations expressed medium resistance (11.4‐fold < RR < 38.6‐fold) and three populations expressed low or minor resistance (3.5‐fold < RR < 5.6‐fold). A continuous resistance selection in the laboratory strain showed that the resistance ratios to trichlorphon, β‐cypermethrin and avermectin were 71.6‐fold, 333‐fold and 70.4‐fold respectively. CONCLUSION: The data provided a comprehensive survey of insecticide resistance in Bactrocera dorsalis in mainland China. All results suggested that early resistance management programmes should be established for restoring the efficacy of pesticide‐based control measures. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Skouras PJ Margaritopoulos JT Seraphides NA Ioannides IM Kakani EG Mathiopoulos KD Tsitsipis JA 《Pest management science》2007,63(1):42-48
The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the most important pest of olives in countries around the Mediterranean basin. Its control has been based mostly on bait sprays with organophosphate insecticides (usually dimethoate or fenthion) for about 40 years. In the present study, the resistance status of olive fruit fly populations to dimethoate was examined in Greece and Cyprus over 2 years. Thirty-one populations from various regions of Greece, nine from Cyprus and one laboratory susceptible strain, which served as a control, were assayed by topical application of dimethoate. Considerable variation in the resistance levels to dimethoate was recorded in the populations of B. oleae, with resistance ratios ranging from 6.3 to 64.4 (ED(50) values 12.5-128.7 ng dimethoate per insect). The highest resistance ratios were found in populations from Crete, and the lowest in those from Cyprus. This variation could be attributed to different selection pressures from insecticidal applications among populations from the various regions. Migration of resistant genotypes, either autonomous or via commerce, may also be involved. 相似文献
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Orkun B. Kovanci James F. Walgenbach George G. Kennedy Coby Schal 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(4):334-342
The efficacy of microencapsulated sprayable pheromone was evaluated at different application rates and intervals for mating
disruption of the oriental fruit moth,Grapholita molesta (Busck), in apple orchards during 2002. The following treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with
three replications: (i) a low rate of pheromone (6.2 g a.i. ha−1) applied at 14-day intervals, (ii) a medium rate of pheromone (12.4 g a.i. ha−1) applied at 28-day intervals, (iii) a high rate of pheromone (24.7 g a.i. ha−1) applied at 28- day intervals, and (iv) a non-pheromone control (insecticides only). The combination of a single insecticide
application against first generationG. molesta at petal fall with one pheromone application each for the second, third and fourth generations at 12.4–24.7 g a.i. ha−1 successfully controlled low populations. Pheromone-treated blocks. had significantly lower trap catches than those in the
insecticide-treated control blocks. Among pheromone treatments, significantly more moths were caught in the 6.2 g compared
with the 12.4 and 24.7 g rates. Fruit damage was <1% at harvest and there were no significant differences among treatments.
Low rate frequent applications of sprayable formulation appeared to be effective under low pest pressure but efficacy declined
with increasing populations. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach under higher pest
pressure.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 13, 2005. 相似文献