“蚕保一号”的研制

“蚕保一号”以氯霉素为主药,添加适当的营养物质及能与之良好配伍的助溶剂和稳定剂复配制成,它能增强蚕体质,并能防治蚕细菌病,效果优于氯霉素,而且稳定性好,使用安全。     

无病毒苹果苗试管微繁技术研究

对经脱毒的优良苹果品种北海道９号、皇家嘎拉和长富２号进行了试管微繁技术的研究。结果表明：适合于３个品种试管苗增殖的培养基为ＭＳ＋６—ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋蔗糖３０ｇ／Ｌ,增殖率为２５～３,≥３ｃｍ的试管苗率约为５０％。通用的生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋蔗糖２５ｇ／Ｌ－肌醇,平均生根率保持在７５％左右。生根试管苗采用“一步法移栽”,平均成活率在７８％以上。     

添加硅、硼元素对甘蔗组培苗生长的影响

以“新台糖１６号”甘蔗品种试管苗为材料,采用液体培养方法,以ＭＳ为基本培养基,附加激素ＢＡ ３ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＮａＳｉＯ３２００ｍｇ／Ｌ,苗增殖率比对照提高６８％,叶色浓绿、叶片挺直、硬、不早衰。比对照延长生长期２３ｄ。生根阶段,以ＭＳ为基本培养基,附加ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、硼酸３０ｍｇ／Ｌ,生根数比对照增加５３％,根长、苗壮。     

受精液中肝素和咖啡因的组合对牛卵母细胞体外受精的影响

采用２种肝素浓度（１０，３０ｍｇ／Ｌ）与３种咖啡因浓度（２．５，５，１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）的交叉组合，以３０ｍｇ／Ｌ肝素的受精液为对照，探讨肝素和咖啡因对牛卵母细胞体外受精的影响，并确定受精后将卵母细胞移至单层细胞的合适时间。结果表明，当卵母细胞在受精后５ｈ移至单层细胞时，１０ｍｇ／Ｌ肝素加５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ咖啡因或３０ｍｇ／Ｌ肝素加２．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ咖啡因的体外受精效果最好，二者的囊胚率和囊胚孵化率分别为５６．９％±７．０，８１．１％±１２．７及５６．９％±７．０，７８．９％±９．８。     

药用植物甜茶的快速繁殖

将甜茶（ＲｕｂｕｓｓｕａｖｉｓｉｍｕｓＳ．Ｌｅｅ）茎段接种在以ＭＳ和Ｗｈｉｔｅ为基本培养基分别附加不同浓度ＢＡ的培养基上。研究表明,以ＭＳ为基本培养基附加２ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＢＡ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＮＡＡ,对芽的增殖和生长效果较显著,增殖率比对照高９１％。将试管苗转入以ＭＳ为基本培养基附加１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＮＡＡ和２ｍｇ／Ｌ多效唑的培养基中,出根率最高达４３％,根茎粗壮。     

蚕砂的综合利用

介绍了以蚕砂为原料,从中提取叶绿素的方法和工艺;以及以提取叶绿素后的蚕砂渣为原料生产发酵饲料的方法。     

AgNO_3对苹果叶片培养的影响及其与乙烯产生的关系

在附加６－ＢＡ３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＩＢＡ０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ再生培养基中加入１￣１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＡｇＮＯ３，均显促进苹果叶片再生不定芽，但以１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度效果最好，与对照相比，在培养早期，１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＡｇＮＯ３对乙烯的抑制率为１６％￣２０％，在培养中后期则为２５％￣４０％，因而显降低了各培养时期，特别是中后培养容器中乙烯的浓度，降低了乙烯对芽发生的抑制，从而促进不定芽的发生。     

树胡椒的组织培养

树胡椒种子作为外殖体进行微繁殖,不同培养阶段适宜的培养基分别为：（１）愈伤组织诱导：ＭＳ＋ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋活性碳０．０３％;（２）分化和继代：Ｂ５＋ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＬＡＡ０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ和Ｂ５＋ＫＴ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡｍｇ／Ｌ;（３）生根：Ｂ５＋ＩＡＡ０．５～２ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

蚕育种信息计算机管理系统的研制

作者对蚕育过程的有关信息，经收集，提炼，分析，设计出蚕育种信息收集，处理的多种方案。采用ＦｏｘＢＡＳＥ２．１程序设计方法，在ＩＢＭ ＰＣ３８６微机上研制的系统软件，具有对蚕育种信息的存贮、修改、查询、分析统计等功能。该系统为提高蚕种效率，提高蚕育种品质提供了一种新的、有效的方法和手段。     

CO2对大豆,花生产量的效应

本研究利用开顶式熏气罩进行模拟试验，供试作物为大豆和花生各一组，每组各设４个处理：ＣＯ２３４０ｍｌ／Ｌ（无罩对照）；ＣＯ２３４０ｍｇ／Ｌ（有罩对照）；ＣＯ２５１７ｍｇ／Ｌ；ＣＯ２６０７ｍｇ／Ｌ。试验结果表明，大豆和花生的生长和产量是随着二氧化碳浓度的增加而提高，当大气中二氧化碳浓度为６０７ｍｇ／Ｌ时，大豆和花生的产量分别比无罩对照增加１８．６％和２５．５％；用聚乙烯塑料薄膜罩，可使罩内日平均温度提     

锌对桑蚕生长影响的研究

以０．２％的硫酸锌喷洒桑叶用来饲蚕，可以提高蚕体血液中氨基酸总量，增加全茧量、茧层量和茧层率；提高成虫的授精率及产卵量。统计分析结果达极显著水平。     

基于Flash的家蚕饲养学习系统设计与开发

为形象展示家蚕生长发育特性及其饲养技术,使蚕农快速直观地了解家蚕病虫害识别与防治方法和关键饲养技术,采用Flash MX为主要开发工具,结合其他图像处理软件,以动画、画外音、文字、照片、图片等形式,动态模拟了家蚕的整个饲养过程,研发基于Flash的家蚕饲养学习系统。介绍了系统的总体设计,并结合实际阐述了系统开发的主要技术及其关键技术的实现。     

蚕沙堆肥技术研究进展

堆肥处理是蚕沙无害化、资源化利用的一种主要方式。对蚕沙堆肥系统和影响堆肥的主要因素,即含水量、温度、通风供氧、C/N比、堆肥产品大小、pH值等进行了综述。     

Relationships between sulfur concentration in mulberry Leaves and the quality of silkworm cocoon

A 40-day gnotobiotic microcosm experiment was carried out to quantify the effect of bacterial-feeding nematode on plat growth and nutrient absorption.The results showed that inoculation of bacterial-feeding nematode Protorhabditis sp.stimulated the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and the uptake of N.By the end of the 40-day incubation wheat biomass and N uptake in the treatment with nematode and bacteria (Pseudomonas sp.)increased by 6.5% and 5.9%,respectively,compared with bacteria alone treatment.The presence of nematode mainly accelerated the growth of aboveground of wheat,while it slightly inhibited the root development.There was little difference in plant tissue N concentration between treatments.P concentration and uptake of wheat,however,were generally reduced by nematode, It appears that the enhancement of plant growth and nitrogen uptake is attributed to the enhancement of nitrogen mineraliztion induced by nematode feeding on bacteria,and the reduction of phosphorous uptake is the result of ewak root status and comptetition by bacteria immobilzation.     

中国长江中下游地区桑叶-蚕茧系统硫素转化效率

Cocoon samples were collected from fifty-two mulberry gardens with high, intermediate, and low silkworm cocoon productivities in the lower-middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the six China’s provinces of Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian, Hunan, and Hubei to determine the transformation efficiency of S from mulberry leaves to silkworm cocoons, and to evaluate the sulfur cycle (uptake and output) in the mulberry leaf-silkworm cocoon system with typical mulberry gardens in the lower-middle reaches of the Yangtze River in China. The transformation efficiency of sulfur (TES) from mulberry leaves into silkworm cocoons in the high-productivity mulberry gardens was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in the low-productivity gardens. For the high-productivity mulberry gardens the TES from mulberry leaves into the cocoon shell was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that for low-yield mulberry gardens. Producing 1 kg dry cocoon in mulberry gardens required uptake of about 20 g S, however 1 kg of dry cocoon only removed about 4 g S. Therefore, recycling of these organic wastes with silkworm cultivation was important for sulfur balances.     

广西现行蓖麻蚕品种茧层量性状稳定性的研究

对广西现行9个蓖麻品种的产茧量性状进行了稳定性研究,结果表明,不同的蓖麻蚕品种其产茧量性状对环境的反应不一样。有两个品种属于对环境敏感的品种,其余7个品种属于对环境不敏感的稳定性品种。     

家蚕育种个体、蛾区自动称量与选择系统

为提高家蚕育种效率，满足家蚕育种工作者要求，利用Visual Basic 6.0 for Windows开发设计了家蚕育种个体、蛾区自动称量与选择系统。该系统通过串行接口采用零Modem连接方式将两台电子天平与计算机相连接，通过MSComm通讯控件实现对蚕茧个体、蛾区称量数据的自动采集，采用Bayes判别函数和聚类分析法自动根据称量结果对蚕茧个体作雌雄识别，采用基于数量遗传理论设计的综合选择指数进行个体选择，并方便地实现称量数据的查询和管理。     

Ecological intensification of cropping systems enhances soil functions,mitigates soil erosion,and promotes crop resilience to dry spells in the Brazilian Cerrado

Water scarcity threatens global food security and agricultural systems are challenged to achieve high yields while optimizing water usage. Water deficit can be accentuated by soil physical degradation, which also triggers water losses through runoff and consequently soil erosion. Although soil health in cropping systems within the Brazilian Cerrado biome have been surveyed throughout the years, information about soil erosion impacts and its mitigation are still not well understood; especially concerning the role of cropping system diversification and its effects on crop yield. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess whether ecological intensification of cropping systems –inclusion of a consorted perennial grass and crop rotation– could promote soil coverage and consequently decrease water erosion and soil, water, and nutrient losses. This work studied the effects of crop rotation and consorted Brachiaria, along with different levels of investment in fertilization on soil physical quality and on soil, water, and nutrient losses, and crop yields. Results proved that soybean monoculture (SS) is a system of low sustainability even under no-till in the Brazilian Cerrado conditions. It exhibited high susceptibility to soil, water, and nutrient losses, causing low crop yields. Our results showed that water losses in SS cropping system were approximately 10% of the total annual rainfall, and total K losses would require an additional 35% of K application. Conversely, ecological intensification of cropping systems resulted in enhanced soil environmental and agronomic functions, increased grain yield, and promoted soil and water conservation: high soil cover rate, and low soil, water and nutrient losses. Ecological intensification proved to be an adequate practice to boost crop resilience to water deficit in the Brazilian Cerrado.     

The effect of different nitrogen sources on the symbiotic interaction between Sorghum bicolor and Glomus intraradices: Expression of plant and fungal genes involved in nitrogen assimilation

In the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, plants take up part of the nitrogen (N) through a mycorrhizal pathway. In this study, we assessed the effect of different N sources on the expression of genes coding for enzymes and transporters of the mycorrhizal N uptake pathway, using Sorghum bicolor and Glomus intraradices as a model. Some of the genes investigated were differentially regulated in the intraradical and in the extraradical mycelium depending on the N source. In AM roots, some fungal and plant genes were co-regulated, suggesting an interdependence of both partners in the mycorrhizal N uptake pathway. Mycorrhizal N transfer may have a preference for glycine (plant growth and N uptake stimulation).