藤稔葡萄特点及栽培方法

藤稔葡萄特点及栽培方法藤稔葡萄自生发根的能力比较弱，扦插成活率低，应以巨峰葡萄作砧木嫁接繁殖。其闭花受精能力强，落花落果轻，为丰产型品种，在栽培管理上应着力于发挥大果特性，多留功能叶片，将结果枝花前摘心改为花后摘心。较耐水肥，在谢花后幼果膨大期（持续...     

葡萄绿枝高接改换优良品种试验总结

葡萄绿枝嫁接,选用的砧木和接穗都较幼嫩,易受湿度和温度的影响,嫁接成活率较低,为探索提高绿枝嫁接成活率的最佳保湿措施和最适嫁接日期,于2006年在临沂师范学院茶山园艺场实习果园进行了藤稔葡萄绿枝高接试验,取得了良好效果,现将试验情况总结如下。1试材与方法砧木(高接换种树)为4年生巨峰葡萄,株行距为1×2 m,单壁篱架,扇形整枝;冬季进行修剪时,对主、侧蔓进行重回缩和疏剪,每株留5~6个1年生壮蔓,1年生蔓留2~3个芽进行短梢修剪。翌年春季,砧木萌芽抽蔓后,每株砧木留新蔓15个左右,疏除弱蔓、密蔓。接穗采自本果园藤稔葡萄。采用劈接法嫁…     

植物生长调节剂对藤稔葡萄插条促根的影响

藤稔葡萄是井川682与先锋杂交而来,品种特点是早熟、抗病、高产,品质上等。育苗主要采用嫁接,扦插成活率较低。作者旨在探讨植物生长调节剂对藤稔葡萄硬枝扦插生根的影响。     

藤稔葡萄嫁接繁殖技术

藤稔葡萄嫁接繁殖技术藤稔葡萄是大粒优良品种，其质好、味甜，深受消费者喜爱。近年来，各地把该品种作为重点发展品种。由于该品种扦插繁殖苗木成活率极低，苗木供应远远不能满足用户需要，为了解决这个问题，我们通过三年的实践，证明采用嫁接繁殖技术效果好，嫁接成活...     

葡萄砧木研究概况

随着世界葡萄产业的发展,葡萄嫁接苗与嫁接栽培的应用越来越普遍,葡萄砧木品种的选育与研究也得到了重视.为更好地了解国内外葡萄砧木研究概况,该文对葡萄砧木选育情况,主要砧木品种的特性,及其对嫁接葡萄品种果实与所酿葡萄酒质量的影响等方面的研究情况进行了介绍.     

适宜济宁地区冷棚促早栽培葡萄品种筛选

以14个葡萄优良品种为试材,通过对14个品种的连年丰产能力、需冷量与果实发育期及果实特性等方面进行综合分析,筛选适宜济宁地区冷棚促早栽培的葡萄品种。结果表明,弗蕾无核、夏黑、早黑宝、维多利亚、瑞都香玉、京蜜、矢富罗莎和藤稔8个品种适宜济宁地区冷棚栽培,为济宁及周边地区葡萄栽培品种的多样性提供理论参考。     

葡萄苗木嫁接繁殖技术

1　硬枝劈接法为了提高葡萄根系的抗寒能力 ,在春季萌芽前 15天～ 2 0天左右 ,用劈接法把优良品种的接穗嫁接在抗寒砧木的 1年生枝条上 ,接着进行加温促进愈合 ,然后进行扦插 ,使其生根成苗。在葡萄产区 ,为了更新品种 ,于春季萌芽前选优良品种接穗 ,用被更新品种植株的老蔓作砧木 ,采用劈接的方法进行嫁接 ,使其成苗。2　绿枝劈接法砧木可用山葡萄等抗寒葡萄的枝条扦插育成 ,也可用抗寒葡萄的种子播种育成砧木苗 ,然后嫁接。所用砧木为当年苗或上年生苗半木质化绿枝 ,劈接时间一般在 6月～ 7月间进行。最好选择阴天 ,接后遇雨最好。阳光暴…     

葡萄改接换头技术

<正>近年来,我国葡萄栽培品种更新很快,采用绿枝嫁接法,对葡萄进行更新改造,一年嫁接,两年结果,三年丰产见成效。1砧木准备被改造的葡萄即为砧木。嫁接方法有两种,第     

鲜食葡萄嫁接换种试验研究

本文对葡萄就地嫁接换种技术中的主要问题进行了研究,结果表明：康拜尔早、白香蕉、北醇是葡萄嫁接的优良砧木;硬枝嫩枝嫁接对成活率影响不大;硬枝嫁接最佳时期为落叶后半个月;而嫩枝嫁接最佳时期为５月上、中旬;接后管理是提高成活率的重要环节。     

龙眼砧木嫩枝嫁接红地球葡萄适期试验

龙眼葡萄在涿怀盆地有悠久的历史,其抗寒性、抗旱性较为突出。为了克服贝达做砧木改接红地球葡萄导致的"小脚病"和"黄叶病"的严重发生,该文研究使用当地的主栽品种——龙眼做砧木嫁接的适期,得出了龙眼葡萄嫩枝嫁接红地球葡萄的最佳适期是龙眼葡萄的花期前后,在张家口涿鹿县为5月下旬至6月中旬。     

Effect of Seed Maturity and Pretreatment on Dormancy and Germination of Sorbus mougeotii Seeds

The effect of harvest time on seed germination, desiccation tolerance and level of dormancy is not known in Sorbus mougeotii (Soyer-Will. & Godron). Dry weight (DW), moisture content (MC) and leakage conductivity (LC) were tested on seeds from six harvest times. Chilling requirement and germinability were tested on seeds without drying and after drying and rehydration. The effect of postharvest ripening of seeds with or without drying was also tested. The DW was stable during the last 6 weeks of maturation, whereas MC initially decreased but later increased simultaneously with an increase in LC. Seeds were desiccation tolerant, deeply dormant and after a chilling treatment germinated to a high percentage at all harvest times. The chilling requirement decreased significantly with later harvest, suggesting a decrease in level of dormancy. Drying and postharvest ripening reduced and synchronized the chilling requirement.     

藤稔葡萄保护地高效栽培技术研究

对藤捻葡萄进行了保护地栽培试验研究,结果表明;扣棚葡萄上市时间比露地提前５０ｄ;用吡效隆处理果穗,平均粒重比对照增加５５．４％,种植模式以“葡萄＋草莓＋香椿”收益最高,葡萄种植第３年,投入产出比达１：５．９。     

Relationships among cold hardiness, root growth potential and bud dormancy in three conifers

Greenhouse-cultured, container-grown ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.), interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii (Parry) Engelm.) were cold acclimated and deacclimated in growth chambers over 19 weeks. Stem cold hardiness, total new root length at 14 days and days to bud break were measured weekly. Relationships among cold hardiness, root growth potential (RGP) and bud dormancy suggest that cold hardiness, which can be measured quickly, could provide a useful basis for estimating the two other parameters. During cold acclimation, there was a lag period in which stem cold hardiness remained at -15 degrees C and RGP was at a minimum, in all three species. Douglas-fir and Engelmann spruce buds remained fully dormant during this lag period. Ponderosa pine buds had no chilling requirement for the loss of dormancy, and reached quiescence during the lag period. Immediately following the lag period, as stem cold hardiness progressed to -22 degrees C, RGP increased to a high plateau in all three species, and Douglas-fir and Engelmann spruce buds approached quiescence. Cold deacclimation and bud development began immediately on exposure to warm, long days, but RGP remained high until stem cold hardiness returned to approximately -15 degrees C. At bud break, cold hardiness and RGP were at the minimum.     

Adventitious micropropagation of mature Larix decidua using dormant versus flushed axillary vegetative buds

Tissues of winter-dormant buds were collected from mature Larix decidua, and used for adventitious shoot organogenesis. Tissues of dormant buds merely died on the cytokinin-supplemented, bud-initiation medium. In contrast, buds allowed to flush under greenhouse conditions subsequently yielded approximately two adventitious shoots per bud explant tissue. These shoots elongated normally and several rooted spontaneously. Microbial contamination of in vitro cultures was negligible using explants from buds orgininally collected in a dormant state.     

色木槭芽直接增殖途径的培养条件

为建立色木槭芽直接增殖的诱导培养体系,以色木槭野生树木休眠芽萌发枝条为材料,进行芽增殖的培养条件研究。结果表明,4月份是适宜休眠芽培养的取材时期。嫩茎在2%次氯酸钠浸泡20 min是最佳消毒方案。NAA浓度对休眠芽萌发和嫩茎生长的影响具有显著差异。MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+20 g/L蔗糖(pH5.8)是适合休眠芽萌发和嫩茎伸长的培养基。培养30天时,腋芽萌发率可达63.3%,嫩茎平均高度可达15.9 mm。6-BA对芽直接增殖的促进效果好于KT。不同激素组合中,IBA与6-BA组合对芽增殖和丛生芽生长的效果好于NAA与6-BA组合、NAA与KT组合、IBA与KT组合。MS+0.1 mg/L IBA+1 mg/L 6-BA+20 g/L蔗糖是适合芽增殖和丛生芽生长的培养基。培养30天时,芽增殖率可达90%,增殖倍数可达3.19,且茎芽生长正常。     

杉木休眠芽的解剖构造

杉木叶腋中存在两种具再生能力的结构－受抑制的腋芽和保留分生组织。观察中未见到不定芽。受抑制的腋芽随着主茎的次生生长而发育成次生休眠芽。这两种结构是杉木萌芽更新的结构基础，同时也显示其营养繁殖能力。     

Bud dormancy in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Effect of chilling and photoperiod on dormancy release of beech seedlings

Two-year-old Fagus sylvatica L. seedlings were subjected to natural winter chilling or were overwintered in a heated greenhouse. Plants were then grown in controlled environment chambers with photoperiods of 9 or 13 h. Renewal of bud growth was found to be mainly determined by winter chilling. There was a slight interaction between chilling and photoperiod. Sprouting of apical buds took two to three times as long in unchilled plants as in chilled plants. Shoot elongation was influenced by chilling and was also greater in the 13-h photoperiod than in the 9-h photoperiod, but this may have been due at least in part to the higher irradiance. Chilling resulted in rapid dormancy loss and changed the growth pattern from basitonal to acrotonal.     

马占相思优树组培快繁技术研究*

相思(Acacia Mill.)类树种(俗称相思树)属含羞草科(Mimosaceae)金合欢属(Acacia Mill.),在我国广东、海南、广西、福建、云南和江西等地均有栽培。相思树植株高大挺拔,根系发达具根瘤,具有耐干旱贫瘠及抗风的特性,是水土保持及改良土壤的优良树种;同时,相思树还是优良的用材树种,其生     

修剪和生长调节剂对青海云杉苗芽生长发育的影响

对5年生和7年生青海云杉苗进行了不同方式的修剪,同时用不同的生长调节剂对其主干和侧枝上的芽进行了处理,发现除去青海云杉顶芽,能够促进苗木侧芽和隐芽的生长发育,提高侧芽的抽枝率,增加新枝的生长量.不同种类的生长调节剂和修剪方式对青海云杉芽的生长发育影响效果显著不同,去顶芽修剪的效果优于纺锤形修剪和篱式修剪,对于7年生苗,主干上仅留3个饱满芽的强度修剪能明显地减少主干上的芽数,使抽枝数也随之减少,处理效果最差.去顶芽能够明显的增加当年新梢数量和长于6 cm的新梢总长度,同时还能增加当年新梢上冬芽数.6BA对青海云杉芽和枝条的生长发育有较好的促进作用,抽枝宝在各个修剪处理中表现均最差,甚至在一定程度上抑制了青海云杉芽的萌发和延长生长.修剪和生长调节剂处理对5年生苗侧枝芽抽枝数影响均极显著,而对7年生苗的影响却不显著;修剪和生长调节剂的交互作用明显地影响了对7年生苗的处理效果,而对5年生苗的影响不显著.去顶芽后再用6BA涂抹青海云杉苗上的保留芽,能有效地促进青海云杉保留芽的生长发育,有利于形成更多枝条,对青海云杉采穗圃苗的处理效果最佳,强度修剪和用抽枝宝抹芽不适于青海云杉采穗圃苗的培育.