Effects of mulch location on banana weevil,soil and plant nutrients,soil water and biomass in banana fields

Major constraints to banana (Musa spp., genome group AAA) production, a dietary staple for over 70 million people in sub-Saharan Africa, are pest infestations, poor nutrition and inadequate water. Although mulch can improve soil water and nutrient status, many farmers believe it also promotes the proliferation of banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus), one of the most serious banana pests. In this study, we evaluated the effects of mulch location (mulch to base of banana pseudostem; mulch recessed 1 m from the pseudostem) on banana weevil, soil and plant nutrient status, soil water, and banana growth and development. After 3 years, the fully mulched plots had significantly more soil Ca and Mg than plots that did not receive mulch. Banana foliar K concentration was significantly higher in both mulch treatments (full and recessed) than in the control (no mulch) plots. The mulched plots had greater recharge after rainfall events and higher soil water contents during dry periods due to increased infiltration in the mulched plots. However, the mulched plots also exhibited significantly higher banana weevil densities and greater plant damage than the control plots. There was no difference in weevil damage with mulch location, although weevil density was higher in the fully mulched plots throughout most of the trial. Despite greater weevil damage, the treatments that were mulched yielded significantly heavier bunches. Hence the effects of the mulch on soil water infiltration and banana foliar nutrient status outweighed the detrimental effects of banana weevil damage.     

Effects of exclosure on soil nutrients,vegetation diversity and biomass production in hilly rangelands

Livestock grazing is one of the most important factors influencing the soil nutrients, soil surface, vegetation diversity, and the above-ground biomass production in a natural rangeland ecosystem. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of the long-term grazing on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (Available P), exchangeable potassium (Exchangeable K), diversity and the above-ground biomass production. This study was conducted in Maraveh Tapeh hilly rangelands of Golestan province, Iran. Soil and vegetation samplings were conducted based on the randomized systematic method. Three 150 m transects were positioned randomly within each grazing management practice. Soil samples were systematically taken every 3 m along each transect. Thirty (30) randomly chosen quadrats were sampled in each transect for vegetation diversity and biomass assessment. The effects of grazing management practices and aspect on soil nutrients, vegetation diversity, and biomass production were detected by analysis of variance (ANOVA) (at α = 0.05). Results of this study indicated, Exclosure north aspects had the maximum soil pH. There were significant differences found between soil electrical conductivity values in the grazed south aspect and the other treatments. Soil TOC, TN, available P and exchangeable K values increased significantly in the exclosure north aspects. Shannon diversity index and the above-ground biomass production had highest values in the exclosure north aspects.     

Effects of soil moisture on soil solution chemistry,biomass production,and shoot nutrients in two native grasses on a calcareous soil

Abstract

Two native grasses, Festuca ovina of dry and Agrostis stolonifera mainly of moist habitats of calcareous grasslands, were studied in an experiment with the objective of elucidating the effect of soil moisture level on soil solution chemistry, biomass production and shoot mineral nutrients. Eight levels of moisture, corresponding to 30–100% of the water‐holding capacity (WHC) of the soil, were tested. High correlation coefficients with soil moisture were observed for magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and HCO₃ in soil solution. Amounts of calcium (Ca), Mg, and iron (Fe) in soil solution were lowest in the intermediate soil moisture range (60–70%). Shoot production, relative to maximum, was higher at low moisture levels for F. ovina than for A. stolonifera. Differences of P, Fe, and potassium (K) concentrations in shoots and maximum relative shoot production between the two species, are consistent with their field distributions as related to soil moisture. Lower soil moisture on calcareous soil is more favorable for F. ovina than for A. stolonifera. Variation in soil moisture regimes may greatly influence amounts of mineral nutrients in soil solution and uptake by plants and might even be a prerequisite for adequate acquisition of mineral nutrients and growth of plants on limestone soils.     

Correlation among microbial biomass s,soil properties,and other biomass nutrients

The soil physicochemical characteristics and amounts of microbial biomass C, N, and S in 19 soils (10 grassland, 2 forest, and 7 arable soils) were investigated to clarify the S status in granitic regosols in Japan, in order to determine the relationships between biomass S and other soil characteristics and to estimate approximately the annual Sand N flux through the microbial biomass. Across the sites, the amount of biomass C ranged from 46 to 1,054, biomass N from 6 to 158, and biomass S from 0.81 to 13.44 mg kg_-1 soil with mean values of 438.8, 85.8, and 6.15 mg kg_-1 soil, respectively. Microbial biomass Nand S accounted for 3.4–7.7% and 1.1–4.0% of soil total Nand S, respectively. The biomass C: N, C : S, and N : S ratios varied considerably across the sites and ranged from 3.0–10.4, 32.5–87.7, and 5.0–18.8, respectively. Microbial biomass S was linearly related to biomass C and biomass N. The regression accounted for 96.6% for biomass C and 92.9% for biomass N of the variance in the data. The amounts of biomass C, N, and S were positively correlated with a number of soil properties, particularly with the contents of organic C, total N, SO₄-S, and electrical conductivity and among themselves. The soil properties, in various linear combinations showed a variability of 84–97% in the biomass nutrients. Stepwise multiple regression indicated that biomass C, N, and S were also dependent on SO₄-S as a second factor of significance which could limit microbial growth under the conditions prevailing at the study sites. Annual flux of Nand S was estimated through the biomass using the turnover rates of 0.67 for Nand 0.70 for S to be approximately 129 kg Nand 9.7 kg S ha^-1 y^-l, respectively, and was almost two times higher in grassland than arable soils.     

Mineralization of nutrients from soil microbial biomass

Soil samples of parabrown earth and chernozem, each having a different amount of microbial biomass, were used to investigate the contribution of microbial cells to the pool of mobile plant nutrients in soils. The quantities of nutrients mobilized in soils which had been dried or fumigated were closely related to the quantities available in freshly-killed biomass. For the percent of N mineralized from dead microbial biomass in arable soil during 28 days, a “k_N-factor” (28 days) of 0.37 was suggested. In oven-dried (70°C) and air-dried (room temperature) soils, approximately 77 and 55% of the N mineralized after remoistening and incubating at 22°C for 4 weeks came from the freshly-killed biomass. The remaining 23 and 45% were derived from non-biomass organic N fractions of the soils. In fumigation experiments (CHCl₃, 24 h), the amount of P released was closely related to the P content of the soil microbial biomass. The fluctuating amounts of K available after fumigation did not correspond to the amount of biomass killed. A scheme for the transformation of dead microbial biomass-C and -N in arable soil is suggested.     

Effects of long-term waste water irrigation on soil organic matter, soil microbial biomass and its activities in central Mexico

 The effect of long-term waste water irrigation (up to 80 years) on soil organic matter, soil microbial biomass and its activities was studied in two agricultural soils (Vertisols and Leptosols) irrigated for 25, 65 and 80 years respectively at Irrigation District 03 in the Valley of Mezquital near Mexico City. In the Vertisols, where larger amounts of water have been applied than in the Leptosols, total organic C (TOC) contents increased 2.5-fold after 80 years of irrigation. In the Leptosols, however, the degradability of the organic matter tended to increase with irrigation time. It appears that soil organic matter accumulation was not due to pollutants nor did microbial biomass:TOC ratios and qCO₂ values indicate a pollutant effect. Increases in soil microbial biomass C and activities were presumably due to the larger application of organic matter. However, changes in soil microbial communities occurred, as denitrification capacities increased greatly and adenylate energy charge (AEC) ratios were reduced after long-term irrigation. These changes were supposed to be due to the addition of surfactants, especially alkylbenzene sulfonates (effect on denitrification capacity) and the addition of sodium and salts (effect on AEC) through waste water irrigation. Heavy metals contained in the sewage do not appear to be affecting soil processes yet, due to their low availability. Detrimental effects on soil microbial communities can be expected, however, from further increases in pollutant concentrations due to prolonged application of untreated waste water or an increase in mobility due to higher mineralization rates. Received: 28 April 1999     

不同有机肥对花生营养吸收、土壤酶活性及速效养分的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究等养分投入条件下,施用化肥与不同有机肥(猪粪、牛粪、鸡粪、麸酸有机无机复混肥)对花生营养吸收、土壤酶活性及速效养分的影响。结果表明,与化肥相比,施用有机肥脲酶活性提高6.2%～22.1%,磷酸酶活性提高7.9%～27.9%,过氧化氢酶活性提高45.1%～65.2%,分别以猪粪、鸡粪、麸酸有机无机复混肥最高,而转化酶活性各处理表现不一。施用有机肥较化肥促进了N、P、K养分向花生果仁转移累积,果仁吸N量、吸P量、吸K量、吸S量分别较化肥提高22.7%～78.0%、47.1%～74.5%、65.2%～91.6%、5.6%～61.2%,其NPK养分总吸收量以麸酸有机无机复混肥最高。施肥均提高了种植花生后的土壤N、P、K速效养分含量,施用麸酸有机无机复混肥还明显改善了土壤S素营养。     

不同种植年限对稻-蒜轮作土壤团聚体水稳定性及其养分的影响

研究稻-蒜轮作土壤团聚体稳定性及其养分变化对种植年限的响应特征,以期为长期稻-蒜轮作土壤的施肥措施及其可持续利用提供科学依据。以成都平原稻-蒜轮作土壤为研究对象,研究分析不同稻-蒜轮作种植年限(<10、15、>20年)对不同土层(0～20、20～40 cm)土壤机械组成、团聚体分级及其养分含量的影响。结果表明:(1)稻-蒜轮作种植年限的增加使0～20 cm土层粘粒含量显著增加了28.27%,粉砂粒组分显著降低了7.89%;(2)稻-蒜轮作的土壤均以1～0.25 mm团聚体为优势粒径,与稻-蒜轮作种植年限<10年相比,种     

Effects of soil,grass and legume root extracts on heterotrophic bacteria,nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in soil

The effects of root extracts of four grasses and two legumes and extracts of soils supporting these plants on the growth of five strains of heterotrophic soil bacteria, and on the rate of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification were measured in culture and in soil. All the root extracts inhibited the growth in culture of the five bacteria by 9–98 per cent. The legume-soil and one of the grass-soil extracts did not inhibit bacterial growth. Only two of the grass-soils, Andropogon lectorum and Pennisetum purpureum markedly inhibited the five bacteria. Incubation of soils with extracts of grass roots or grass-soil increased the rates of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification and incubation with legume root and soil extracts increased the rates of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification even further.     

生物质炭对土壤养分及设施蔬菜产量与品质的影响

【目的】 我国是世界最大的温室蔬菜生产国,但随着种植年限的增长,温室设施栽培中土壤次生盐渍化、蔬菜品质降低及作物减产等问题日益突出。本文以生物质炭为土壤改良剂施用于温室大棚蔬菜栽培中,分析其对蔬菜生长和土壤养分供应的影响,从而探索一种绿色可持续发展的设施农业生产方式。同时,也为生物质炭在大棚蔬菜栽培中的合理施用提供依据。 【方法】 采用田间试验方法,以温室大棚西芹和茄子为研究对象,试验共设5个生物质炭施用水平,分别为0、20、40、80和160 t/hm2,依次记为B0、B20、B40、B80和B160处理。分析了蔬菜产量、西芹植株硝酸盐含量、茄子维生素C含量及过氧化氢酶活性和土壤养分含量。 【结果】 与B0相比,B20和B160处理能够提高西芹产量,增产幅度分别达31.6%和30.3%,B40和B80处理对西芹产量无显著影响;B20处理对西芹硝酸盐含量无显著影响,B40、B80和B160处理显著降低了西芹植株硝酸盐含量,降低幅度分别达37.0%、37.2%和49.1%,但处理间差异不显著。施用生物质炭对茄子产量、茄子维生素C含量与过氧化氢酶活性影响不显著,当施用量达160 t/hm2时,反而抑制了茄子果实氮、磷养分积累。与B0相比,施用生物质炭有效增加了西芹收获后土壤速效钾含量,其中,B80和B160处理增加幅度分别为95.8%和196.2%;茄子收获后,B160处理土壤速效钾增加幅度达165.5%。施用生物质炭对土壤有效磷含量无显著影响,对土壤碱解氮含量的影响较为复杂,即对西芹收获后土壤碱解氮含量影响不显著,却降低了茄子收获后土壤碱解氮含量,其中,B40、B80和B160处理降低幅度分别达11.7%、10.0%和20.3%。经济效益分析表明,B20处理温室大棚经济收益最高,与B0相比纯收入增加9.4%;随着生物质炭施用量增多,肥料投入成本加大,B160处理收益最低。 【结论】 在本试验条件下,生物质炭用量为20 t/hm2时增产效果最好,且温室大棚收益最高,而对蔬菜品质无显著影响;当其施用量为40 t/hm2时能显著降低西芹硝酸盐含量。因此,需要继续研究生物质炭施用量在20～40 t/hm2之间的最适量,达到既能提高蔬菜产量又能改善品质的目的。      

水氮耦合对盐碱地柳枝稷生物质产量、品质及水肥利用的影响

在宁夏银北盐碱地区,以'Cave-in-rock'柳枝稷为材料,采用随机区组试验设计,研究了水氮耦合对柳枝稷生物质产量、品质及水肥利用效率的影响,利用模糊相似优先比法分析了不同水氮处理下柳枝稷产量、品质及水肥利用效率的变化特征.结果表明,在盐碱地条件下,充足的灌水和适量的氮肥投入是柳枝稷高产和水肥高效利用的保证.在相同...     

连续负压供水对辣椒种植土壤速效养分及酶活性的影响

为探索负压供水对辣椒土壤速效养分和土壤生物活性的影响,在温室大棚内采用盆栽试验,试验利用负压供水装置,设置-5、-10、-15 k Pa以及人工浇水(CK)4个处理,测定了辣椒各生育期土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,以及土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性指标。结果表明,试验中供水压力控制在-5~-15 k Pa时,辣椒各生育期土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,4种土壤酶活性均显著高于CK,其中,-5k Pa处理对土壤养分及酶活性的提高显著。土壤速效养分含量与酶活性相关分析表明,在负压供水条件下,土壤4种酶活性之间,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量之间,土壤酶与土壤速效养分之间均呈极显著正相关;主成分分析表明,第一主成分对土壤养分供应能力的贡献大,第二主成分反映出过氧化氢酶及蔗糖酶不断分解减少时,有效磷及速效钾权重减少。综上所述,采用负压供水方式,能促进土壤酶活性提高,有利于辣椒土壤养分的转化,当供水压力稳定在-5 k Pa时,提高辣椒土壤养分效果更为显著。     

Influence of land management on soil nutrients and microbial biomass in the central loess plateau,northwest China

Loss of soil organic matter under cropping systems is often considered one of the most serious forms of agriculturally induced soil degradation. Therefore, understanding how to improve or maintain soil fertility is of importance for sustainable systems of agriculture. This study deals with the effects of succession fallow and fertilization combined with crop rotation on the chemical properties and microbial biomass of soil in the central Loess Plateau, China. In order to create a more uniform experimental environment and avoid the influence of different crop residues, wheat/potato (W/P) rotation was selected as a fertilization treatment. The results showed that with increasing fallow time organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (TN) slightly increased, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and MBC/Corg gradually decreased, and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) remained unchanged. However, only MBC/Corg among all the microbial parameters measured showed significant differences at various stages of fallow. Although there was a decrease in organic carbon and total nitrogen in the fertilized plots, MBC was not significantly different in the various fallow and fertilized plots except for one‐year‐old fallows, which had the highest MBC. MBN, MBC/Corg and MBN/TN in fertilized plots were higher than for plots at different stages of fallow. Fertilization can increase organic carbon, total nitrogen, MBC and MBN content (compared to the control). It was concluded that appropriate land management, such as fertilization combined with crop rotation and reducing one‐year‐old fallow, would be useful ways to improve or maintain soil fertility. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

灌水和氮肥类型对土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响

灌水和施氮肥类型对土壤微生物和酶的影响尚不清楚。该研究旨在评估不同灌水和氮肥类型对土壤微生物生物量和酶活性的影响。结果表明,与清水灌溉相比,再生水灌溉显著增加了土壤细菌、放线菌、革兰氏阳性菌的生物量以及总磷脂脂肪酸,增加幅度分别为7.60%、10.48%、4.97%和4.88%。施氮肥显著提高了土壤细菌生物量和总磷脂脂肪酸,增加幅度范围分别为13.42%~17.34%和8.12%~11.19%。与清水灌溉相比,再生水灌溉并没有显著增加土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性。施氮肥也没有显著提高土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性。土壤微生物和酶在施缓释尿素肥的土壤中更为活跃。研究结果表明,与其他土壤微生物相比,放线菌和革兰氏阳性菌生长得更快,能更有效地利用再生水灌溉带入的可溶性有机氮;而细菌能更有效地利用氮肥带入的硝态氮。再生水灌溉和施缓释尿素肥在增加土壤微生物生物量和酶活性方面更有效。为了获得更好的土壤质量,更高的作物产量和可持续性利用水资源,建议夏玉米-冬小麦轮作种植利用再生水滴灌并施用缓释尿素肥。     

不同生物炭对风沙土土壤养分及氮素利用率的影响

风沙土是我国重要耕地之一,具有土质瘠薄、漏水漏肥等特点,易造成肥料利用率低、产量低等问题,急需对其改良,以提高其保水保肥能力。以风沙土为研究对象,采用玉米秸秆生物炭(BM)、水稻秸秆生物炭(BR)及花生壳生物炭(BP),设置生物炭两个不同施用量:0.5%土重和1%土重。采用盆栽试验,研究添加不同来源和数量生物炭对土壤养分和氮素利用率的影响。结果表明:不同种类生物炭均可以提高风沙土土壤pH、有机碳、速效钾含量。随着生物炭用量的增加,增加效果越明显;与未施生物炭处理(CK)相比,高量水稻秸秆生物炭处理对土壤有机碳、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量提升效果最显著,分别提高了101.70%、20.30%、14.92%、88.36%;高量花生壳生物炭处理对土壤pH提升效果最显著,提高了0.46个单位。不同种类的生物炭均提高了土壤氮素残留率和利用率,随着生物炭用量的增加,土壤氮残留率提高,其中以高量水稻秸秆生物炭处理和高量花生壳生物炭处理提升幅度最大,与CK相比,分别提高了45.47%、36.10%。而氮素利用率随着生物炭用量的增加却出现降低趋势,低量玉米秸秆生物炭的处理氮素利用率最高,为51.32%。土壤氮残留率与花生籽粒产量、土壤pH、有机碳、有效磷、速效钾呈显著正相关关系,与氮肥利用率呈显著负相关关系。综上所述,施加生物炭能显著改变风沙土土壤有效养分含量。高量水稻秸秆生物炭和花生壳生物炭短期内可以显著提高氮残留率,而在氮肥利用率提升方面不如玉米秸秆生物炭,高量花生壳生物炭增产效果最好。     

水土保持植物—芨芨草对土壤养分的影响

本文以自然植被下土壤为对照,通过对芨芨草草地土壤全N、全P、全K、速效P、速效K、土壤有机质及阳离子交换量的测定,来了解芨芨草对土壤养分的影响。结果表明,芨芨草对土壤有机质及全量养分影响不太,但能明显提高土壤速效养分的含量,并能提高土壤的阳离子代换量及降低土壤的pH值。     

分根区交替灌溉对玉米水分利用和土壤微生物量碳的影响

分根区交替灌溉由于创造了一个土壤水分分布不均匀的环境,从而影响土壤中微生物活性,作物水分和养分利用。为探明这种影响,该文通过盆栽试验,研究了在2种灌水水平(正常灌水W1,70%～80%田间持水率;轻度缺水W2,60%～70%田间持水率)和2种有机无机氮比例(100%无机氮,70%无机氮+30%有机氮)条件下,常规灌溉和不同生育期分根区交替灌溉(分别在苗期～灌浆初期、苗期～拔节期以及拔节期～抽雄期进行分根区交替灌溉(AI),即AI1、AI2和AI3)对玉米干物质积累、水分利用以及拔节期、抽雄期和灌浆初期土壤微生物量碳(MBC),可溶性碳(DOC)含量以及基础呼吸和诱导呼吸CO2释放量等的影响。结果表明,与常规灌溉相比,轻度缺水时,拔节期～抽雄期分根区交替灌溉总干物质质量增加23.2%～27.4%,水分利用效率提高23.3%～26.7%;相同施肥和灌水水平条件下,抽雄期时拔节期～抽雄期分根区交替灌溉土壤MBC增加,但是土壤诱导呼吸CO2释放量降低。与单施无机氮相比,有机、无机氮配施增加玉米干物质质量,在某些水分条件下(W1CI、W1AI1和W1AI2)还提高灌浆初期基础呼吸和诱导呼吸CO2释放量。因此,轻度缺水时拔节期～抽雄期进行分根区交替灌溉可以提高玉米总干物质质量、水分利用效率和微生物量碳。     

Effects of long-term legume cover crop incorporation on soil organic carbon, microbial biomass, nutrient build-up and grain yields of sorghum/sunflower under rain-fed conditions

Low organic matter, poor fertility and erosion are common features of rain‐fed Alfisols in southern India. Build‐up of organic matter is crucial to maintain sustainable production on these soils. The possibility of on‐farm generation of legume biomass [horsegram; Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] by using off‐season rainfall was examined in two field experiments involving sorghum and sunflower from 1994 to 2003. The effects of this incorporation were assessed on crop yields and soil properties for 10 years together with fertilizer application. Horsegram biomass ranging from 3.03–4.28 t ha^?1 year^?1 (fresh weight) was produced and incorporated in situ under different levels of fertilizer application. Annual incorporation improved the soil properties and fertility status of the soil, which resulted in improved yields of test crops. With biomass incorporation, mean organic carbon content improved by 24% over fallow. Microbial biomass carbon improved by 28% at site I. Long‐term biomass incorporation and fertilizer application resulted in the build‐up of soil nutrients compared with the fallow plots. Application of N and P alone resulted in a negative balance of soil K. A time‐scale analysis of yields showed that incorporation together with fertilizer application maintained a stable yield trend over a 10‐year period in sorghum, whereas fertilizer application alone showed a declining trend. At the end of 10 years of incorporation, the increase in grain yield because of incorporation was 28 and 18%, respectively, in sorghum and sunflower over fallow when no fertilizers were applied to rainy season crops. The incorporation effect was even larger in plots receiving fertilizer. The growing and incorporation of a post‐rainy season legume crop is a low‐cost simple practice that even small and marginal farmers can adopt in semi‐arid regions of the country. Widespread adoption of this practice, at least in alternate years, can restore the productivity of degraded soils and improve crop yields.     

秸秆还田配施氮肥对冬春季稻虾田水质、土壤养分及酶活性的影响

为探究稻虾种养模式冬春季节合理的秸秆还田方式,本研究以秸秆还田配施氮肥调节C/N为切入点,在2017年12月—2018年5月通过田间试验,设秸秆不还田不施氮肥(对照, CK)、秸秆还田C/N为35(S)、秸秆还田配施氮肥C/N为25(SN1)、秸秆还田配施氮肥C/N为15(SN2)以及单施氮肥处理(N1)。探讨秸秆还田不同C/N对冬春季稻虾田养殖水体、土壤养分及酶活性的影响。结果表明:1)CK处理后期的水体总磷含量最低,各处理水体总氮含量在还田前期变化幅度不大;不同处理水体铵态氮含量低于克氏原螯虾安全耐受限度。2)秸秆还田后,SN2处理显著增加了土壤有机质含量,同时土壤硝态氮含量较还田前增加240%;秸秆还田降低了土壤容重,SN2处理组容重最低。3)N1和SN2处理提高了土壤多酚氧化酶活性,其中SN2处理组酶活性最高。在3种秸秆还田处理中, SN2处理土壤脲酶活性高于其他处理, N1处理前期表现出较高酶活性,后期开始降低。综上,秸秆还田配施氮肥调节C/N为15在稻虾田土壤养分含量、酶活性等方面优于其他处理。     

不同生物质材料对蕉园土壤有机质组成的影响

为探究不同生物质材料对蕉园土壤有机质及组成的影响,以木炭、椰壳炭、椰糠炭和与椰糠炭等碳量的椰糠为材料,分别以质量分数为2%和4%的用量加入土壤中,于室内常温培养并保持土壤含水量不变。在第15、30、60、90、120和180 d采集土壤,分析不同生物质材料对土壤有机质、胡敏酸、富里酸和土壤胡敏酸/富里酸的影响。结果表明:添加木炭、椰壳炭、椰糠炭和椰糠均能提高土壤有机质含量,并随添加量的增加而升高;添加木炭、椰壳炭、椰糠炭和椰糠均能加速土壤有机质的分解,添加椰壳炭对土壤有机质分解的影响相对较小。椰糠的添加主要是同时增加了土壤胡敏酸和富里酸碳含量,生物炭(木炭、椰壳炭和椰糠炭)的添加主要是影响了土壤胡敏酸与富里酸的相互转化。