物候法测报天幕毛虫药剂防治适期的研究

柞蚕场的大害虫－天幕毛虫孵化能形成明显的高峰期。其孵化高峰后３天左右即是毛叶迎红杜鹃的盛开期。应用这一物候特征，在柞蚕场内观察映山红的盛开期，再调查辽东栎，蒙古栎等柞树上天幕毛虫的发生量，确定药剂防治天幕毛虫，是应用物候法测报药剂防治天幕毛虫适期的好方法。     

天幕毛虫的发生及防治

天幕毛虫是我国北方果树、园林、森林上的主要害虫之一，曾多次暴发成灾，给果农和国家造成了很大经济损失。60年代初辽西地区暴发天幕毛虫灾害，受害株树几乎达100％，大批果树叶片被吃光。2003年东北林区暴发天幕毛虫灾害，受灾最为严重的黑龙江省，受灾面积高达2000万亩，     

天幕毛虫卵寄生蜂保护利用的初步研究

经试验调查天幕毛虫的卵寄生蜂有４种，即天幕毛虫黑卵蜂、大蛾卵跳小蜂、舞毒蛾卵平腹小蜂、松毛虫赤眼蜂等，寄生率为５－２０．５２％。将天幕毛虫卵块放在果园或柞蚕场内，无其寄主植物范围在直径为２ｍ以上的空闲处，并置于杂草树枝之寂，其卵寄生蜂羽化率达７２－８２％。     

绵山天幕毛虫求偶和交配行为研究

[目的]研究绵山天幕毛虫求偶和交配行为,为发展利用性信息素防控绵山天幕毛虫提供理论依据。[方法]通过室内和野外观察,研究绵山天幕毛虫成虫求偶行为的发生过程、求偶周期、不同雌雄比及种群密度对交配率的影响。[结果]自然界中绵山天幕毛虫雌雄比为1.0∶1.2,实验室饲养的绵山天幕毛虫雌雄比则为1.0∶1.8;绵山天幕毛虫的求偶高峰发生在19：00-21：00;不同比例及种群密度对雌雄蛾交配行为影响较大,且种群密度过高不利于其繁殖;绵山天幕毛虫雌、雄蛾一生均只交配1次。[结论]利用性信息素防治绵山天幕毛虫具有较好的应用前景。     

黄褐天幕毛虫防治方法初探

黄褐天幕毛虫易受天幕毛虫抱寄蝇、核型多角体病毒、白僵菌等寄生或感染。黄褐天幕毛虫在桦甸市主要分布于公吉乡、桦郊乡一带。经近几年调查,黄褐天幕毛虫有上升趋势,森防检疫部门已采取措施进行防治。本文详细阐述了黄褐天幕毛虫营林措施和物理、生物、化学防治方法,为本市此虫防治工作提供了理论依据,为生产实践奠定了基础。     

解除天幕毛虫滞育初探

利用不同的光周期和温度设置对黄褐天幕毛虫(Malacosoma neustria testacea Motschul-sky)卵环进行处理,寻找解除天幕毛虫滞育的条件和作用机制。结果发现,低温对于解除天幕毛虫的滞育有一定的作用。     

立地因子和林分因子对黄褐天幕毛虫的影响

于2011年至2013年,调查黑龙江黑河地区黄褐天幕毛虫监测样地的立地因子和林分因子,分析立地因子和林分因子及生物多样性指数对黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度的影响。单因素方差分析与Tukey检验表明,阴坡黄褐天幕毛虫口密度显著高于阳坡、半阳坡、半阴坡的;海拔301~400 m黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度显著高于海拔401~500 m和501 m以上的;郁闭度0.5黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度显著高于郁闭度0.4、0.6、0.7的,郁闭度0.6的平均虫口密度显著高于郁闭度0.4的;蒙古栎比例60%以上的黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度显著高于0~29%和30%~59%的。坡位、坡度对黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度无显著影响。中坡位、阴坡、斜坡、海拔301~400 m、郁闭度0.5、蒙古栎比例高于60%条件下,黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度最大,上坡位、半阴坡、缓坡、海拔高度501 m、郁闭度0.4、蒙古栎比例30%~59%条件下,黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度最小。相关分析显示,坡位、坡向、郁闭度、Simpson指数、Shannon–Wiener指数对黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度呈正向影响,坡度、海拔、蒙古栎比例对黄褐天幕毛虫平均虫口密度呈负向影响。     

黄褐天幕毛虫的发生与防治

黄褐天幕毛虫为食叶害虫，以幼虫取食叶片，危害严重时影响树术生长。     

双带天幕毛虫在哈密的初报

1999年6月在哈密市陶家宫乡荞麦庄子村-杏园内首次发现天幕毛虫,现已扩散到哈密市近效各乡场.该虫为双带天幕毛虫(Malacosoma Kirghisica Staudinger).双带天幕毛虫在哈密尚属首次发现.     

试分析天幕毛虫发生期预测预报技术

天幕毛虫的主要危害对象为阔叶树,我国的主要树种分配为这类树木,所以该害虫对我国的林木危害极大。基于对天幕毛虫发生期时间的研究,结合对这一害虫习性等内容的分析,本文提出了天幕毛虫发生期的预测预报技术,以在未对林木造成实质性损害时期,完成中天幕毛虫的防治和扑杀工作。     

柴油机燃油系偶件磨损的油压波形识别法初探

针对柴油机燃油系统精密偶件磨损后的油压波形变化，采用高压油管压力波形识别的方法，测取磨损状态下的柱塞副、出油阀副、喷油器针阀副工作压力波形，研究高压油管压力波形所反映的偶件磨损状况。     

小黑瓢虫生殖系统的解剖观察

应用常规内部解剖方法,对小黑瓢虫[Delphastus catalinae(Horn)]生殖系统的结构和卵巢发育情况进行了研究.结果表明:雌性生殖系统主要包括1对卵巢、1对侧输卵管、1条中输卵管、1个受精囊、交配囊、附腺、黏腺、外生殖片等;雄性生殖系统主要包括睾丸、1对储精管、1对输精管、射精管及1对附腺、弯管和阳基等;不同发育时期小黑瓢虫卵巢管数量均为8根;根据外部形态特点以及卵黄沉积的情况,将小黑瓢虫的卵巢发育分为未分化期、生长发育初期、生长发育中期、生长发育后期、成熟产卵前期、成熟产卵期等6个阶段.     

黄斑星天牛生殖系统的形态解剖

黄斑星天牛(Anoplophora nobilis G.)雄性生殖系统包括一对睾丸,一对输精管,两对附腺,一对射精管。雌性生殖系统包括一对卵巢,一对侧输卵管,中输卵管,交配囊,受精囊及其附腺,生殖腔,产卵管长而特化成骨针状。     

绵羊、山羊早期胚胎性别鉴定体系的建立

根据绵羊、山羊和牛SRY(sexdeterminingregionoftheY)基因中的183bp同源序列设计跨度为170bp的两对半嵌套式雄性特异性引物,同时根据β-珠蛋白基因序列设计240bp的常染色体引物作为内标引物,对提纯的血液DNA样品和胚胎细胞DNA样品进行PCR(polymerasechainreaction)以准确鉴定早期胚胎性别。扩增产物的琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析表明:0.2mmol/LdNTPs、2.0mmol/LMg2+、53℃退火条件下,雄性胚胎具有170bpSRY基因序列扩增带及240bpβ-珠蛋白基因序列扩增带;而雌性胚胎只有240bp常染色体基因序列扩增带。因此这个鉴定体系是可行的。     

金边窗萤头部特征的扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电镜观察金边窗萤(Pyrocoelia analis Fabricius)成虫和幼虫头部的形态特征。结果表明:金边窗萤成虫复眼发达,口器退化;幼虫有一对发达且左右对称的3节触角,其口器发达,具有1对锋利的、向内弯曲的镰刀状上颚,及1对下颚须、1对下唇须和1对内颚叶。     

刺桐姬小蜂生殖系统解剖研究及产卵行为观察

对刺桐姬小蜂成蜂生殖系统进行解剖研究,并观察其产卵行为。结果表明:雌性生殖系统由1对卵巢、1对侧输卵管、中输卵管、受精囊和外生殖器等组成。雄性生殖系统由1对睾丸、1对输精管、1对附腺、射精管和阳茎等组成。雌成虫的每个卵巢平均有卵巢管9~13条,每条卵巢管平均有卵3~7粒,卵巢管内的总卵数平均为54~182粒。刺桐姬小蜂的产卵过程可分为寻找产卵位置、穿刺与试探、产卵、休憩与梳理4个步骤。     

Genetic Analysis of Panicle Related Traits in Wheat with Major Gene Plus Polygenes Mixed Model

【Objective】 Panicle traits are important yield traits of wheat, occupying an important position and role in wheat yield composition. Carrying out genetic research on wheat panicle traits and analyzing its genetic mechanism provide theoretical and practical guidance for formulating high-yield breeding strategies and improving breeding efficiency. 【Method】 Based on the length of the main stem, the number of spikelets, the number of grains per spike, and the number of spikelets, the main gene + polygene mixed genetic model of quantitative traits was used to obtain the parental product 34 and the male parent under different ecological conditions. BARRAN and its derived F_7:8, F_8:9 generation recombinant inbred line population (RIL) were used for genetic model analysis and genetic parameter estimation of panicle traits to determine the number of genes controlling various traits, and to estimate genetic effect values and heritability. 【Result】The best genetic model for panicle length and spikelet number were B-2-1 (PG-AI), which was consistent with two pairs of linked major genes + additive-epistasis polygene genetic model. The polygenic heritability of spike length was 90.64%, the polygenic heritability of spikelet number was 89.52%, the average of environmental variation of spike length accounted for 9.39% in phenotypic variation, and the average of environmental variation of spikelet number accounted for 10.50% in phenotypic variation; Major gene heritability was 69.39%, Polygenes heritability rate was 29.94%, and the average environmental variation accounted for 2.18% in phenotypic variation. Additive effect value of the first pair of main genes controlling the number of spikes and the additive effect value of the third pair of major genes are equal, and the same was 4.56, which has a positive effect. The additive effect value of the second pair of major genes was the same as the additive effect of the first pair of major genes × the second pair of major genes × the third pair of major genes, both of which were -1.44, and are negative effects. The additive and additive × additive epistasis interaction values were equal to the additive and the second pair of major gene additions × the third pair of major gene additive epistatic interactions, both of which were -6.02. Additive and the first pair of major gene additive × the third pair of main gene additive epistatic interaction effect value is 0.18, the multi-gene additive effect value is 0.15, showing a lower positive genetic effect; H-1(4MG-AI) was best-fitting genetic model for the spikelet number traits, which showed that their inheritance was controlled by incorporating four major genes additive-epistasis genetic model. The heritability of the main gene was 81.50%. The additive effect values of the main genes in the first to fourth pairs were 0.22, 0.18, -0.20, and 0.24, respectively, the additive and epistatic interactions of the first pair of major genes × the first pair of major genes were -0.170, the additive effect value of the additive and the first pair of major genes × the third pair of major genes was 0.240. the additive effect value of the additive and the first pair of major genes × the fourth pair of major genes was -0.200, additive and the second pair of major genes × the third pair of major genes × additive effect value and additive and the second pair of major gene additive × fourth pair of major gene additive epistatic interaction value absolute value, the effect in contrast, the former value was 0.030, and the latter value was -0.030. The additive effect value of the additive and the third pair of major genes × the fourth pair of major genes was 0.060. 【Conclusion】The panicle traits of wheat are mainly polygenic genetic effects, which are in line with quantitative genetic characteristics and are susceptible to environmental influences. The number of spikelet grains has the genetic characteristics of the main gene. The main gene has high heritability and is affected by the environment. The number of spikelets can be used as a direct indicator to effectively improve the early selection of panicle traits, achieving single plant directional selection and improving breeding efficiency.     

模糊集对分析初探

根据集对分析思想,结合不确定性问题的特点,提出了基于模糊联系度的模糊集对分析方法,并将它与几种不确定性分析方法作了初步对比分析．     

黄粉虫雄性生殖系统研究

[目的]初步研究黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor）的雄性生殖系统。[方法]以石蜡切片和HE染色观察分析黄粉虫成虫的睾丸与豆状附腺组织。[结果]黄粉虫雄性生殖系统由1对精巢、1对管状附腺、1对豆状附腺、1对输精管和1根射精管组成。黄粉虫的精子发生是一个动态的过程,精巢由数目巨大的精巢小管聚集盘曲组成,精巢小管中孕含着处于各个发育时期的生精细胞。[结论]为进一步研究黄粉虫生殖腺发育情况奠定基础。     

芥菜型油菜多室性状的遗传研究

对芥菜型油菜多室、二室相对性状遗传的研究发现,多室、二室相对性状受1对主效基因控制,且为微效基因所修饰,无胞质效应;多室性状受1对隐性基因控制,二室性状受1对显性基因控制。