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The restores tested in this study have only one pair of fertility-restoring genes (Rf) but many temperature-sensitive genes (Ts). The Rf genes are alleles at the same locus. The cytoplasm of the restorers RC1, RC2, RC3 and ‘Huaie’ is male sterile, but that of RC4, is normal. 相似文献
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旨在了解并揭示不育系105A的花粉败育时期和细胞学特征,为进一步正确认识细胞质雄性不育系分子机制提供必要参考依据。采用石蜡制片法,对甘蓝型油菜杂交种‘青杂5号’的雄性不育系105A及其恢复系1831R的小孢子发生和花药发育过程进行观察,以确定其花粉败育的时期和细胞学特点。研究结果表明,在不育系105A花药败育过程中,一部分发生于造孢细胞时期,属于无花粉囊败育型;另一部分发生于单核晚期,属于单核败育型,其特点为单核晚期绒毡层细胞膨大向小孢子靠近,并逐步降解,其破裂胞质退化残余物侵入药室,与小孢子混合粘连在一起,甚至有些绒毡层细胞整块脱落,成为染色很深的团块状物质,占据药室一部分空间,最终小孢子降解,花药败育。 相似文献
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Studies on "Three Line" Polima Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Developed in Brassica napus L. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Polima CMS lines can be divided into three groups according to the sensitivity of male sterility to temperature: 1) high temperature CMS lines (62.9%), 2) low temperature CMS lines (28.6 %) and 3) stable CMS lines (8.5 %). The heterosis of Pol CMS hybrids is evident and common in some of the characters tested, especially in plant seed yield and siliqua number. The cytoplasm has no deleterious effects on the FI characters tested. 相似文献
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‘Polima’ cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) was transferred to three different genotypes of B. napus i.e. GSL-1, ISN706 and HNS-8 by repeated backcrossing and was found to be completely stable in the nuclear background of synthetic B. napus genotype, ISN706, derived from a cross B. campestris ssp. oleifera var. brown sarson ×B. oleracea var. botrytis cv. Tusa Katki'. The BC5 and BC6 generation lines of ISN706, GSL-1 and HNS-8 with ‘Polima’ CMS were grown under a range of temperature and photo-period conditions to test their stability. No breakdown in sterility was observed in ‘Polima’ ISN706 and, therefore, this genotype can be used as a maintainer for hybrid seed production. 相似文献
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A Dominant Gene for Male Sterility in Wheat 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A dominant gene inducing male sterility in wheat is described. It is located on the short arm of chromosme 4D with a recombination percentage of 31.16 with the centromere. The potential use of this allele in breeding and cytogenetic studies in both tetraploid and hexaploid with is discussed. 相似文献
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Establishing Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus by Mitochondrial Recombination with B. tournefortii 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fusion experiments between B. napus and X-ray-treated B. tournefortii protoplasts were carried out to develop cytoplasmic male sterility (ems) in B. napus. From the regenerants, six lines containing male sterile plants were selected; five lines segregated for male sterility, but one line (25–143) was completely male-sterile from the beginning. Molecular analyses of mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (cp) DNA of B. napus, B. tournefortii, B. juncea and cms juncea indicated that the original cytoplasmic donor of the cms juncea-system in B. napus was a B. tournefortii form, while the B. napus genotype used for the fusion experiments had a B. campestris cytoplasm. By analysis (it regenerated plants, line 25–143 was identified as possessing mt-DNA recombined between B. campestris and B. tournefortii. with the major part derived from B. campestris. No differences were detected between epDNAs from H. campestris and from line 25—143. The other five lines were similar to B. campestris with all the probes used. The low frequency of sterile lines from the fusion experiments and the inheritance of the cms in segregating progenies are both discussed. 相似文献
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After mutagenic treatment with NMU (nitroso-methylurea) flower buds and flower-bud pedicels of broccoli were cultivated in vitro. Among regenerated MJ plants, one male sterile, but female fertile mutant was found, for which a monogenic dominant inheritance of male sterility was demonstrated. A scheme to utilize dominant controlled genie male sterility in Brassica oleracea for hybrid breeding is discussed. 相似文献
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甘蓝型油菜双低萝卜质不育恢复系快速改良技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过采取不同的常规育种策略和小孢子培养、分子标记辅助选择等现代生物技术,研究了提高甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系改良效率的方法。结果表明,在甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系杂交转育过程中,采用杂交后代与萝卜质不育系杂交,可使杂交后代分离群体中不具备恢复基因的单株在花期表现出来,无须测交即可进行选择;杂交后代通过小孢子培养,可将稳定纯合时间由传统自交8个世代缩短到3个世代;通过萝卜特异分子标记辅助选择可大大提高选择的精度,减少筛选所需的人力、土地和时间,选择效率提高90%。试验筛选出19个在萝卜质不育恢复系中能够扩增出单一、易于辨别的谱带的SCAR标记引物,其中10个引物在现有的甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系中均能检测出特异标记。筛选出的甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系的特异分子标记与前人研究存在差异,标记相似系数为48.28%~93.10%。通过分子标记无法区分高硫甙和低硫甙恢复系,选育低硫甙萝卜质不育恢复系还需要借助品质分析仪。成功筛选得到6个甘蓝型油菜低芥酸、低硫甙、抗寒、结角正常、农艺性状优良的萝卜质不育恢复系,为将甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育杂种优势应用于我国油菜生产奠定了基础。 相似文献
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甘蓝型油菜雄性不育系09A花蕾发育过程中生理生化特性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过分光光度法,对油菜细胞质雄性不育系09A和保持系09B不同发育时期花蕾中POD、CAT、SOD、APX的活性和MDA、游离Pro含量进行了测定,并讨论分析了与雄性不育之间的关系。结果表明:不育系09A不同发育阶段花蕾中CAT、SOD、APX三种酶活性均低于09B;POD活性在不育系花蕾发育早期低于09B,但随着花蕾的发育,09B的POD活性逐渐下降,而09A的POD活性则逐渐升高;不育系09A的MDA含量在整个花蕾发育过程中均高于09B,而Pro含量则低于09B。 相似文献
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Recurrent selection facilitated by dominant male sterility has been conducted to broaden the genetic basis for cultivar development in Brassica napus. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation in four base populations (C0‐C3) and breeding lines from two of the populations produced during recurrent selection by random amplified polymorphic DNA (Rapd) markers. Genetic variation in four populations declined gradually with the advance of selection cycles as measured by expected genetic heterozygosity (from 0.2058 in C0 to 0.1536 in C3) but the decline was not statistically significant. When compared with the average genetic distances for 21 germplasm collections with wide geographical and genetic origins (0.4712) and seven breeding lines from pedigree selection (0.2059), seven breeding lines selected from the C1 population and 11 from the C3 population had a larger average genetic distance (0.5339 and 0.5486, respectively). Clustering analysis indicated that the lines from recurrent selection had a much lower genetic similarity than lines from pedigree selection. Our results suggest that base populations derived from recurrent selection could provide a wider genetic variation for selection of breeding lines with more broad genetic bases. 相似文献
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Male sterile Brassica napus L. plants were found in breeding material which was used for the development of yellow-seeded oilseed rape. The genetic studies indicated that the male sterility was conditioned by the presence of maintamer genes in the nuclear backgrounds of two newly resynthesized B. napus lines, No7076 and No7406, in combination with a male sterility-inducing cytoplasm (S) which is frequently found in cultivated forms of B. napus. Test crosses with nap maintainer and restorer lines support the conclusion that the observed male sterility is of nap type. Furthermore, the Eco RI restriction pattern of mitochondrial DNA of the (S) cytoplasm was identical to that of the nap cytoplasm. Hence, we conclude that we have uncovered a new source of maintainer lines for the nap system which could potentially lead to the production of a better maintainer/restorer system for use in hybrid oilseed rape breeding programmes. However, more work is needed to reduce the glucosinolate content of the maintainer lines and to determine the factors controlling the phenotypic expression of the system. 相似文献