2005年宁安农场大豆产量影响因素分析

2005年宁安农场大豆平均公顷产量2600～2700kg,高产地块达到3000kg,属丰产丰收年.但与2003年相比产量有所下降,2003年最高产量达到3700kg以上.现就影响大豆产量的因素进行分析.     

渭北旱地小麦高产限制因素研究

渭北旱地小麦高产限制因素研究李立科，吕向贤，黄东亮，张转放，赵二龙，李红娟（陕西省农科院旱农所合阳７１５３０８）１肥水之争渭北旱原小麦低产由来已久，常年平均亩产约在１００公斤左右。长期以来，对其低产的原因有各种不同的说法，但主要形成了两种意见。一是认...     

不同播期对大豆产量因素的影响

本文在不同播期对大豆生育期及产量构成因素的影响进行试验研究,结果表明:在5月1日至6月10日播种,播种越早,单株有效荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重越高,百粒重受播期影响不大.     

水稻钵育摆插栽培的产量限制因素与对策

水稻钵体盘育插秧,以钵体穴规格插秧,简称钵育摆插。我地区于１９９６年试验、示范、推广此项栽培技术。由开始的３３．３ｈｍ２发展到１９９８年７８００ｈｍ２,从产量上看,最高达９７５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,最低６７５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,其低产因素与对策如下。１产量限制...     

杂交中稻成穗率的限制因素及其高产栽培技术研究

以Ⅱ优7号为材料,通过不同疏穴时期、疏穴规格及三角形施氮方式处理,研究了影响杂交中稻成穗率的限制因素及其高产栽培途径.结果表明,最高苗期前后是影响水稻成穗率的环境敏感期,光照是该期影响成穗率的主导因素,增施氮肥对提高成穗率的作用不如改善光照条件的大,而且只有在群体基部光照条件改善的情况下才会起到明显作用.采取"三角形栽培改善最高苗期的群体基部光照条件和N-n-2期施上林氮肥"的栽培途径,具有显著降低苗峰、壮苗以及提高成穗率和着粒数的作用而增产,但其增产程度与稻田土壤肥力有关.     

草浆地膜覆盖处理对大豆产量及产量构成的影响

选择合适的农业管理方式和种植方式是提高大豆产量的关键因素。就草浆地膜覆盖方式对大豆植株的农艺指标（株高、茎粗、含水量）、环境因子指标（含水量）的影响进行对比探究,研究结果为横向的试验研究提供了参考和借鉴。     

大豆种植方式对产量的影响研究

大豆种植方式对产量的影响研究张智策，王守国黑龙江省北安农业学校１６４０９４１前言大豆的种植方式如何？直接关系到其群体的大小，而群体的大小则是决定单位面积产量的重要因素。目前黑龙江省种植大豆，多采用７０ｃｍ垄距的垄作种植方式，由于受这一传统种植方式的限...     

豫南麦区小麦产量限制因素与突破初探

分析了豫南麦区小麦产量的限制因子,进而探讨制定一套提高豫南麦区小麦产量的有效措施,以期实现豫南小麦产量新突破。     

提高陕北大豆产量的关键措施

<正>陕北耕地辽阔,光照充足,雨热同季,非常适应大豆生长发育,大力发展大豆生产具有广阔前景。但多年来大豆产量低而不稳,徘徊不前,亩产仅仅在百斤以下,其主要原因是耕作粗放,稀种,品种退化。因此,选用适宜的高产品种,合理密植,科学管理,才能提高大豆产量。     

影响杂交水稻种子发芽率的制约因素及其对策研究

为探求影响发芽率的制约因素及其提高对策,对田间栽培管理、晒种及存放以及芽谷的处理等方面开展了调查研究及专项试验认为,除天气这一不可抗拒的自然因素影响外,晒种及存放是影响的关键因素.     

烯效唑化控对玉豆间作大豆农艺性状及产量的影响

通过对玉豆间作大豆叶面喷施烯效唑化学调控,分析了烯效唑化控技术措施对大豆农艺性状及产量性状的影响,提出了适合宁夏灌区玉豆间作大豆喷施烯效唑的适宜浓度。试验结果表明:玉豆间作大豆分枝期喷施100mg/L的5%烯效唑可湿性粉剂溶液+大豆盛花期喷施150mg/L的5%烯效唑可湿性粉剂溶液,可以达到降低大豆植株高度、防止倒伏、保花增荚、增加单株粒数、增产增收的效果。     

不同播种及栽培方式对大豆产量的影响

针对黑龙江省目前的几播种方法和栽培方式对大豆产量的影响进行了试验研究,在垄三栽培的基础上,设定了三种处理：常规垄作、45cm平播密植后起垄、常规垄作行间覆膜三种栽培方式,试验设计采用大区对比法。试验结果是45cm平播密植后起垄效果最好、其次是常规垄作行间覆膜。     

Physiological and yield responses of soybean under water deficit

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Water deficit during grain filling is a key factor on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) production, but plant response to different water stress levels...     

新型生物制剂“易丰收”对大豆产量促生效应及根际微生物影响研究

通过大豆‘辽豆20’盆栽试验,研究新型生物制剂“易丰收”对大豆的促生效应以及对根际微生物的影响,并结合芸薹素内酯、复合肥料与其进行对比。此文调查了大豆株高、茎粗、根瘤数等生长指标以及产量构成因素,另外还有根际细菌、放线菌和真菌数量。通过SPSS 13.0统计软件分析数据,可以得出结论。“易丰收”较之芸薹素内酯,更能明显促进大豆的生长发育和产量,显著提高大豆根瘤数量,增加根际细菌数量,尤其配合肥料效果更好。     

套种条件下小麦产量构成因素及产量变化分析

通过对套种和非套种地小麦群体发育情况的调查,提出了相对边行优势、绝对边行优势、套种减产率和理论减产率的概念,结果为6:2式套种(6行小麦占地1.2m,2行棉花占地0.7m)模式下,小麦理论减产率为36.84%,绝对边行优势为18.84%,套种实际减产率为18.00%,相对边行优势为29.42%.为间套种植测产、经济效益分析和配套栽培管理技术提供了依据.     

高产优质大豆新品种周豆12号

周豆12号是周口市农科所1994年利用花粉管通道法杂交选育而成.2004年4月通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定.该品种优质、高产、综合性状优良、适应性广.目前在周口市已累计推广种植10万公顷以上.     

Combining ability of seed vigor and seed yield in soybean

Studies have shown no consensus in relationships between seed yield and vigor in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. The lack of information regarding the inheritance of seed vigor prompted this study to determine the types of gene action and combining ability estimates for seed vigor and its related traits. Five high and six low seed vigor soybean genotypes were crossed in a diallel, and selfed to produce 55 F₂ progenies, which were examined, along with the parents, for seed vigor, yield, and seed weight. Significant genotype and environment effects were found for seed vigor and yield. General combining ability (GCA) effects for seed vigor and seed yield were significant (p≤ 0.01) and larger than specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Significant GCA and SCA effects were found for seed weight, indicating that both additive and non additive genetic effects were involved in conditioning seed weight. The ratios of mean square, 2GCA / (2GCA+SCA), were 0.96 for seed vigor and 0.93 for seed yield. These ratios indicated that additive gene effects were more important than non additive gene effects for seed vigor and seed yield in these crosses. Mean seed vigor(83.8%), as determined by accelerated aging germination, and mean seed yield (2,155 kg ha^-1)in high vigor × high vigor crosses were higher than the high vigor × low vigor and low vigor × low vigor crosses. Mean percent accelerated aging germination rates in F₂ populations from diallel crosses were significantly related to mid-parent seed vigor(r² = 0.52^**) and midparent seed size (r² = 0.31^**). These results indicated that levels of seed vigor can be improved through breeding, while maintaining high yields because of the predominance of GCA effects in both seed vigor and seed yield. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Influence of environmental productivity levels and yield stability on selection strategies in soybean

Summary Yield data were collected for soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) lines in maturity groups III and IV in 14 environments from 1985 to 1989. The lines in each maturity group were subdivided into three different groups based on the mean yield over all environments, and the genotype × environment interactions were studied for each group. Yield stability of the lines was determined. Effectiveness of selection based on different types of environments was examined.Productivity level of the environment did not influence the relative ranking of the lines. Significant rank correlations occurred between mean yields in most environments and the overall mean yield, but few similarities occurred in the line rankings among individual environments. High-yielding lines contributed a significantly smaller proportion to the genotype × environment interaction than medium- and low-yielding lines.A small proportion of the lines were below or above average stability. Significant correlations occurred among stability, overall mean yield, and mean yield in high- and low-yielding environments. However, few significant correlations occurred between individual environment yields and stability in high- or low-yielding environments. Maturity groups differed in yield and stability relationships. Stability in high- and low-yielding environments did not adequately predict stability for each other.Contribution No. 93-445-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experient Station     

Identification of QTLs associated with limited leaf hydraulic conductance in soybean

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) genotype PI 416937 has been identified as expressing a ‘slow-wilting’ phenotype in the field and this has been traced to a low hydraulic conductance in its leaves. The transpiration rate of de-rooted shoots of this genotype has been found to be insensitive to the aquaporin inhibitor silver nitrate compared to elite cultivars which are silver nitrate sensitive. These results indicated that PI 416937 might have a unique aquaporin population. The objective of this study was to determine if QTLs could be identified that are associated with the lack of sensitivity in PI 416937 to silver. To identify the genomic locations and genetic bases of this trait, a recombinant inbred line population was derived from a mating between PI 416937 and the cultivar ‘Benning’. The RILs were all phenotyped for their response to the silver inhibitor and the results were subjected to a QTL analysis. Four QTL were identified as putatively associated with the silver response (qSV). These QTL explained from 17.7 to 24.7% of the phenotypic variation with qSV_Gm12 explaining the greatest amount of phenotypic variation. The qSV_Gm03 and qSV_Gm10 QTL inherited their positive alleles from PI 416937, while qSV_Gm05 and qSV_Gm12 inherited their favorable alleles from Benning. Co-localized silver nitrate response QTL with other morpho–physiological traits could help to explain soybean plant’s ability to tolerate water-deficit stress.