一种估测亚麻出麻率的简便方法

统计分析显示亚麻茎中段的的出麻率与单株出麻率相关极显著，可以育种的单株选择过程中，利用茎中段的出麻率来快速估算单株出麻率，以减轻工作量，提高工作效率。     

一种估测亚麻出麻率的简便方法

统计分析显示亚麻茎中段的出麻率与单株出麻率相关极显著，可以在育种的单株选择过程中，利用茎中段的出麻率来快速估算单株出麻率，以减轻工作量，提高工作效率。     

黄麻品种数量性状遗传力遗传相关及其通径分析

通过对黄麻30份品种(系)材料分析,遗传力最高的是株高,遗传变异系数最高的是青叶数。除青叶数外,其余各性状对单株干皮重的遗传相关系数均达显著或极显著,依次为总叶节数>鲜皮重>鲜茎重>皮厚>株高>晒千年>茎粗>出麻率。环境相关以茎粗、皮厚、出麻率较高;表型相关以茎粗、鲜皮重、出麻率较高。直接通径系数最高的是总叶节数,其次是茎粗、株高、皮厚等性状。在黄麻的九个数量性状中,控制产量的主要因素是:总叶节数、茎粗、株高、皮厚等性状,尤其是总叶节数对单株产量影响最大。     

红麻几个数量性状的相关和通径分析

通过对红麻几个主要数量性状单株纤维产量、株高、茎粗、皮厚、出麻率、单茎表面积之间遗传相关和通径系数进行分析,旨在剖析性状间相互联系,如何通过性状的表型直接或间接选择为红麻育种提供理论依据.     

红麻几个数量性状的相关和通径分析

通过对红麻几个主要数量性状单株纤维产量、株高、茎粗、皮厚、出麻率、单茎表面积之间遗传相关和通径系数进行分析 ,旨在剖析性状间相互联系 ,如何通过性状的表型直接或间接选择为红麻育种提供理论依据     

红麻亲本与杂交组合产量、品质性状的遗传效应分析

采用双列杂交遗传设计和加性-显性遗传模型,分析了7个红麻杂交亲本和21个F1组合的11个产量与品质性状,结果表明(1)株高、鲜皮厚、千粒重、纤维支数同时受到加性和显性效应的控制;而茎粗、单株干皮重、单株干茎重、皮骨比、出麻率、单株纤维重、精洗率、纤维强力主要受显性效应控制.(2)对红麻亲本遗传效应估测结果表明,各亲本不同性状的遗传效应不同.可根据亲本对每个性状的不同遗传效应表现,在育种和杂种优势利用上加以选择利用.综合分析表明,福红2号、福红992和非洲裂叶3个亲本具有提高株高、茎粗、鲜皮厚、单株干皮重、单株干茎重、出麻率、皮骨比、精洗率、单株纤维重的正向遗传效应;福红2号和福红992 2个亲本还具有提高纤维强力与纤维支数的遗传效应.上述结果可为红麻遗传改良和杂种优势利用提供一定的科学依据.     

圆果种黄麻主要农艺性状的遗传相关及通径分析

本文通过12份圆果种品种(系)8个主要农艺性状的分析,7个性状(x)与单株干皮产量(y)的遗传相关系数都达到了显著或极显著水平,其绝对值由大到小的顺序是干茎重>茎粗>皮厚>株高>出麻率>分枝位高>分枝数。除出麻率与干皮产量呈负相关外,其余性状与干皮产量均呈正相关。干茎重对产量起着决定性的作用,而茎粗,皮厚,株高则是影响干茎重的主要性状。在选择较大干茎重的前提下,提高出率麻能较大地提高产量。     

红麻几个数量性状的相关和通径分析

通过对红麻几个主要数量性状单株纤维产量，株高，茎粗，皮厚，出麻率，单茎表面积之间遗传相关和通径系数进行分析。旨在剖析性状间相互联系，如何通过性状的表型直接或间接选择为红麻育种提供理论依据。     

几个国外引进高产红麻品种农艺性状遗传变异初探

对8个国外引进高产红麻品种主要农艺性状的遗传研究表明,单株干皮重、单株鲜茎重、单株干茎重和单株纤维重的遗传力值为75.59～63.12％,遗传变异系数和遗传进度分别为19.46～10.66％和34.85～10.89％,严格选择效果明显。而株高、茎粗、皮厚、鲜茎出麻率的遗传力除茎粗外,仅30.23～53.09％,遗传异系数和遗传进度分别为2.03～7.56％和3.05～8.8％,严格选择效果不佳,可放宽选择尺度。纺织用品种的选育以干皮重、皮厚和茎粗为主,造纸用品种选育则以鲜茎重、株高和茎粗为主。     

红麻亲本与杂交组合产量、品质性状的遗传效应分析

采用双列杂交遗传设计和加性-显性遗传模型，分析了7个红麻杂交亲本和21个F1组合的11个产量与品质性状，结果表明：(1)株高、鲜皮厚、千粒重、纤维支数同时受到加性和显性效应的控制；而茎粗、单株干皮重、单株干茎重、皮骨比、出麻率、单株纤维重、精洗率、纤维强力主要受显性效应控制。(2)对红麻亲本遗传效应估测结果表明，各亲本不同性状的遗传效应不同。可根据亲本对每个性状的不同遗传效应表现，在育种和杂种优势利用上加以选择利用。综合分析表明，福红2号、福红992和非洲裂叶3个亲本具有提高株高、茎粗、鲜皮厚、单株干皮重、单株干茎重、出麻率、皮骨比、精洗率、单株纤维重的正向遗传效应：福红2号和福红9922个亲本还具有提高纤维强力与纤维支数的遗传效应。上述结果可为红麻遗传改良和杂种优势利用提供一定的科学依据。     

赤霉素对亚麻纤维发育及产量的影响

在亚麻纤维的快速生长期，向叶片喷施不同浓度的赤霉素溶液，随着亚麻植株的生长，观察其纤维发育情况，通过对获得数据进行分析，证明赤霉素对亚麻纤维的生长及产量具有较大影响，可使亚麻纤维产量得到显著提高。     

Evaluation of flax accessions for high value textile end uses

Due to recent changes in EC subsidies for flax cultivation it has been difficult to grow short fibre flax profitably in the UK. The Texflax project aimed to demonstrate that high quality flax fibre can be produced and processed on short fibre cotton spinning systems. Initially 92 flax accessions were cultivated on test sites in the UK over three growing seasons to explore the range of fibre diameter found in fibre flax. The efficacy of applying a translocating herbicide at different stages of plant maturity for optimum fine fibre production was explored. A range of factors indicated that application at the midpoint of flowering stage is favourable for the desiccation of flax and onset of retting. Fibre was caustic extracted using a laboratory method developed at De Montfort University, and fibre evaluated in terms of diameter, length, consistency and cleanliness. At the end of the project five accessions from the original 92 were chosen as producing optimal quality fibre suitable for high value textile end uses. Improved agronomy and subsequent processing enabled yarns with a 50:50 cotton:flax blend to be spun at 26 N m yarn count, the normal blend ratio for this count being 70:30. The yarn properties show an improvement when compared to standard products and finer quality fabrics have been prepared using the yarns.     

A method of estimating the single flax fibre fineness using data from the LaserScan system

This paper establishes a new method for estimating the single flax fibre diameter using the LaserScan instrument. The method is based on the mathematical modelling of the experimental fibre and fibre bundle width distribution and enables the flax fibre sample composition to be analysed in terms of proportions of single fibre and fibre bundles. The method can also be applied for the analysis of flax fibre fineness distribution produced by the Optical Fibre Diameter Analyser (OFDA) instrument. This method can be used as a tool for classification of flax accessions according to the estimated single fibre diameter, for evaluation of the efficiency of chemical and biochemical treatments aimed at the modification of flax fibre, and for evaluation of the suitability of flax fibre for spinning and manufacture of composites. The method was applied for the characterisation of 83 accessions from the Linum core collection produced by CGN at Wageningen, The Netherlands. The mean and standard deviation of single fibre diameter and proportion of single fibre and fibre bundles in the sample was estimated. Experimental results were in good agreement with theoretically expected relationships between the estimated mean diameter of single fibre and characteristics of fibre width distribution such as the mode and the overall average.     

亚麻冬季南繁技术

亚麻冬季南繁的目的是对亚麻杂交后代进行加代和高陪繁育优良品种，提高亚麻种子的繁殖倍数和母子质量。在栽培措施上，特别是选地、播种和收获时期方面不同于南方冬李亚麻生产。作者总结多年的冬季南繁经验，提出了一套亚麻冬季南繁选地、整地、播种、田间管理、收获等方面的技术措施，为亚麻冬季南繁提供技术参考。     

亚麻耐渍的生理机制研究初探

通过研究渍涝胁迫下,不同耐渍型亚麻品种的株高、工艺长度、出麻率等农艺性状以及植株丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化,初步揭示了亚麻耐渍的生理机制。试验结果表明:1、渍涝影响亚麻的农艺性状,具体表现在株高降低、工艺长度减短、出麻率下降等方面;渍涝胁迫下根部皮层通气组织的发育是衡量亚麻耐渍强弱的重要特性;2、随着渍涝胁迫时间的增加,不同耐渍型品种植株丙二醛(MDA)含量均有不同程度的增加,且非耐渍型品种的增加幅度大于耐渍型品种,说明渍涝胁迫下,耐渍型品种具有很强的抗膜脂过氧化的能力;3、随着渍涝胁迫时间的增加,不同耐渍型品种过氧化物酶(POD)活性都呈先升高后下降的趋势,耐渍型品种的变化大于非耐渍型品种,说明在渍涝胁迫下耐渍型品种体内过氧化物酶清除活性氧的能力高于非耐渍型品种。     

浅谈中国纤维亚麻的现状与建议

本文从中国纤维亚麻优势、中国亚麻的科研工作、问题与差距和对亚麻生产发展的建议四个方面对进行了论述。客观地分析了中国纤维亚麻所处的现状，对今后中国开展纤维亚麻的工作提出了建议，为中国纤维亚麻的发展提供了理论依据。     

亚麻根系还原量与主要农艺性状的相关研究

对8个有代表性的亚麻基因型根系还原量与地上部分主要农艺性状进行研究,结果表明：亚麻还原量以现蕾期至开花期最高,以后逐渐递减.其中上段根系的还原量占总还原量的73.31%-76.86%,中段根系占16.2%-18.17%,下段根系占A.95%-9.26%.亚麻根系还原量与单株果数、单株粒数、单株粒重、单株花朵数呈显著或极显著正相关,与结实率呈负相关.     

Accumulation of cadmium by flax and linseed cultivars in field-simulated conditions: A potential for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils

The possibility of use of two technological types of Linum usitatissimum L., namely flax (grown for fibre) and linseed (grown for seed), for phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd) from Cd-contaminated soil was studied. A four-year field-simulated experiment was carried out with 6 flax and 4 linseed cultivars in order to study organ accumulation of Cd by flax and linseed plants at artificial concentration range 10-1000 mg Cd kg⁻¹ soil. The most Cd was accumulated by roots, followed by shoots, while reproductive parts (capsules and seeds) played comparably smaller role. The increasing soil Cd concentration resulted in increasing Cd accumulation by roots, while transport to above-ground plant parts was progresivelly inhibited. Even high soil Cd concentrations (1000 mg Cd kg⁻¹ soil) had not dramatic negative effect on plant growth and development. Cultivar differences as well as the differences between both technological Linum types have been found in Cd accumulation (flax being better Cd accumulator than linseed). Nevertheless, the recorded variation between technological types and within cultivars is in multiples of Cd values (units of mg Cd kg⁻¹ DW), not in orders of magnitude as needed for practical phytoextraction. A significant year-to-year effect on plant growth/development resulting in high variation in Cd accumulation was observed. Flax cv. Jitka exhibited good transport of Cd from roots to above-ground parts, while flax cv. Merkur showed high retention of Cd in roots. Further, the contrasting cultivars in total Cd accumulation (high accumulating flax cv. Jitka versus low accumulating linseed cv. Jupiter) were selected for future experiments. The uptake of Cd by flax/ linseed from ha per season was calculated and the strategy for flax/linseed growing on heavy metal polluted soils with subsequent utilization of heavy metal-contaminated biomass is discussed.     

Effects of plant growth regulator treatments on stem vascular tissue development in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a widely grown source of industrial and edible oil. Other varieties of the same species (flax) are cultivated for the long, strong bast fibres of their stems. The bast fibres of linseed generally go unused, although there is growing interest in developing linseed into a dual-purpose flax from which both seed and fibre could be utilized. Towards this objective, an improved understanding is required of the role of plant growth regulators in stem and fibre development in linseed. We have tested the effects of applying varying combinations of gibberellic acid (GA₃), the auxin indole-3-acetic acid, and a GA biosynthesis inhibitor (paclobutrazol) to an elite linseed variety (CDC Bethune). Results showed that GA stimulated stem elongation, stem expansion and the proliferation, expansion, elongation and cell wall thickening of xylem fibres. The impact of GA on phloem tissues was less apparent, although GA had a positive effect on the number of bast fibres observed in stem transverse section, and GA₃ application in combination with IAA increased the thickness of bast fibre secondary walls nearly two-fold. Other than the bast fibre cell walls, IAA treatments (alone or in combination with GA₃) did not affect most aspects of linseed stem development, suggesting that the observed effects of GA were not mediated by cross-talk with IAA. The relationships defined here between GA, stem architecture, and bast fibre properties in linseed provide a useful framework for manipulation of fibre properties through breeding, biotechnology, and field treatments.