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1.
Comparison of Multiplate,Platelet Function Analyzer‐200, and Plateletworks in Healthy Dogs Treated with Aspirin and Clopidogrel
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S. Saati A.C.G. Abrams‐Ogg S.L. Blois R.D. Wood 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):111-118
Background
Platelet function testing may be warranted to assess response to aspirin and clopidogrel.Hypothesis/Objectives
To evaluate the effects of aspirin, clopidogrel, or combination therapy using 3 platelet function tests: Multiplate Analyzer (MP), Platelet Function Analyzer‐200 (PFA), and Plateletworks (PW).Animals
Six healthy laboratory Beagles.Methods
Randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled study (crossover design). Dogs were given aspirin 1 mg/kg, clopidogrel 2 mg/kg, or combination therapy for 1 week each, with a washout period of 2 weeks. Platelet function was assessed on days 0 and 7 of each phase using MP (adenosine diphosphate [ADP], arachidonic acid [AA], collagen [COL] agonists), PFA (P2Y, COL‐ADP [CADP], COL‐Epinephrine [CEPI] cartridges), and PW (ADP, AA, COL agonists). Platelet counts were obtained with impedance and optical counters.Results
For MP, mean aggregation was decreased for COL and AA with combination therapy and for ADP with all treatments. For PFA, mean CT was increased for the CEPI cartridge with aspirin; and for the P2Y and CADP cartridges with clopidogrel or combination therapy. More dogs receiving clopidogrel showed an increase in PFA CT using the P2Y than the CADP cartridge. For PW, mean aggregation was decreased for AA with all treatments; for ADP with clopidogrel or combination therapy; and for COL with clopidogrel. The PW results with the 2 hematology counters showed almost perfect agreement.Conclusion and Clinical Importance
All platelet function tests detected treatment effects in some dogs and may have utility for monitoring therapy. 相似文献2.
H. Fujita B. Hansen R. Hanel 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(2):354-358
Background
Stethoscopes are a potential source of nosocomial infection for hospitalized humans, a phenomenon not previously studied in companion animals.Objectives
To determine if daily cleaning of stethoscope chest pieces reduces bacterial contamination between cleanings.Animals
Client‐owned dogs and cats.Methods
Prospective observational study. In phase 1, bacterial cultures were obtained from the chest pieces of 10 participant stethoscopes once weekly for 3 weeks. In phase 2, stethoscopes were cleaned daily and 2 culture samples were obtained once weekly, immediately before and after cleaning with 70% isopropyl alcohol, for 3 weeks.Results
Daily cleaning eliminated bacteria immediately after each cleaning (P = .004), but did not reduce the rate of positive cultures obtained before cleaning in phase 2. Cultures were positive for 20/30 (67%) samples during phase 1 and 18/30 (60%) obtained before daily cleaning during phase 2. Recovered organisms included normal skin flora, agents of opportunistic infections, and potential pathogens. The only genus that was repeatedly recovered from the same stethoscope for 2 or more consecutive weeks was Bacillus sp.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Daily cleaning was highly effective at removing bacteria, but provided no reduction in precleaning contamination. Cleaning stethoscopes after use on dogs or cats infected with pathogenic bacteria and before use on immunocompromised animals should be considered. 相似文献3.
Thromboelastographic Clot Characteristics of Autologous Equine Blood Products After Activation by Autologous Thrombin,Bovine Thrombin,or Calcium Chloride
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Objective
To compare clotting efficiency of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and concentrated platelet‐poor plasma (cPPP) to citrated whole blood after activation by autologous thrombin, bovine thrombin, or calcium chloride (CaCl2).Study Design
Experimental study.Animals
Healthy adult horses (n = 6).Methods
PRP and cPPP were prepared by commercial devices. Using thromboelastography, clotting variables were compared after activation of citrated autologous blood, PRP, and cPPP by autologous thrombin, bovine thrombin, or CaCl2, respectively.Results
PRP had the greatest clot strength and quickest clot rate, whereas cPPP had the weakest clot strength, slowest clot rate, and longest clot initiation time. Bovine thrombin resulted in the shortest clot initiation time, quickest clot rate, and was similar to CaCl2 for greatest clot strength. CaCl2 also resulted in the longest clot initiation time and time to reach maximum clot strength. Autologous thrombin resulted in the lowest clot strength.Conclusion
When combined with either bovine thrombin or CaCl2, PRP provided the best combinations for clinical use. Autologous thrombin was suboptimal, but could be an autologous alternative for clinical application. As prepared here, cPPP had inefficient clotting, but may be sufficient for plasma spray indications. 相似文献4.
《Tropical animal health and production》2003,35(1):95-98
Instructions for Authors
Guide for Authors 相似文献5.
《Tropical animal health and production》2002,34(1):91-94
Instructions for Authors
Guide for Authors 相似文献6.
7.
Normal reference intervals and the effects of sample handling on dynamic viscoelastic coagulometry (Sonoclot) in healthy adult horses
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Camilla A. Jamieson BVM & BVS Andrew S. Hanzlicek DVM MS DACVIM Mark E. Payton PhD Todd C. Holbrook DVM DACVIM DACVSMR 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2018,28(1):39-44
Objective
To determine reference intervals and the effect of sample agitation and rest time on Sonoclot analysis in healthy adult horses.Design
Original prospective study.Setting
University veterinary medical teaching hospital.Animals
Sixty healthy adult horses.Interventions
Blood was collected for assessment of complete blood count, serum biochemical analysis, and Sonoclot analysis.Measurements and Main Results
Horses were determined to be healthy based upon physical examination, CBC, and serum biochemistry analysis. Blood was analyzed in a glass bead‐containing cuvette using the Sienco Sonoclot analyzer following 2 rest periods (30 mins and 240 min) and with 2 sample handling interventions (agitated and nonagitated), to obtain values for clot rate, time‐to‐peak, activated clotting time, and platelet function. This study failed to detect a significant difference when a rest time of 30 minutes was compared with 240 minutes, but based on wide limits of agreement the 2 rest times were not considered interchangeable. Agitation at both rest times significantly affected all Sonoclot analyses leading to changes indicative of hypercoagulability.Conclusions
Sample agitation and rest time should be taken into consideration when developing preanalytical guidelines for Sonoclot analysis in horses. Calculated reference intervals were relatively wide. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical utility of Sonoclot analysis in horses. 相似文献8.
9.
《Tropical animal health and production》2004,36(1):101-104
Instructions for Authors
Guide to Authors 相似文献10.
Midence JN Leutenegger CM Chandler AM Goldstein RE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(1):149-152
Background
Bacterin‐based canine Leptospira vaccines could present a challenge for the use of whole blood real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic tool. Recent vaccination could induce positive results if the targeted DNA fragment is present within the vaccine and in the blood of the recently vaccinated dog.Objectives
The objective of this study was to assess whether 2 available 4‐serovar vaccines induce a positive real‐time PCR reaction in the blood of healthy recently vaccinated dogs.Animals
Twenty healthy dogs.Methods
This was a prospective study. Dogs were assigned to 1 of 2 vaccine groups. Both vaccines were culture‐based and include Leptospira interrogans serovars Pomona, Canicola, and Icterohaemorrhagiae and Leptospira kirschneri serovar Grippotyphosa. Whole blood for real‐time PCR and serum for the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) were collected prior to and 3 and 7 days after vaccination and weekly thereafter for 8 weeks. Two real‐time PCR tests targeting 2 different genes were performed independently in a blinded fashion.Results
Both Leptospira vaccines produced positive real‐time PCR reactions when assayed undiluted or diluted 1 : 100 in canine blood. However, blood samples drawn from all dogs at all time points after vaccination were negative on PCR. All dogs developed MAT titers.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Recent vaccination with 2 commercially available vaccines does not interfere with the use of real‐time PCR for the identification of acute Leptospira infection in dogs. 相似文献11.
Instructions for Authors
Guide to Authors 相似文献12.
《Tropical animal health and production》2005,37(1):89-92
Instructions for Authors
Guide to Authors 相似文献13.
Canine GM2‐Gangliosidosis Sandhoff Disease Associated with a 3‐Base Pair Deletion in the HEXB Gene
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P. Wang P.S. Henthorn E. Galban G. Lin T. Takedai M. Casal 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):340-347
Background
GM2‐gangliosidosis is a fatal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by deficiency of either β‐hexosaminidase A (Hex‐A) and β‐hexosaminidase B (Hex‐B) together, or the GM2 activator protein. Clinical signs can be variable and are not pathognomonic for the specific, causal deficiency.Objectives
To characterize the phenotype and genotype of GM2‐gangliosidosis disease in an affected dog.Animals
One affected Shiba Inu and a clinically healthy dog.Methods
Clinical and neurologic evaluation, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), assays of lysosomal enzyme activities, and sequencing of all coding regions of HEXA, HEXB, and GM2A genes.Results
A 14‐month‐old, female Shiba Inu presented with clinical signs resembling GM2‐gangliosidosis in humans and GM1‐gangliosidosis in the Shiba Inu. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the dog's brain indicated neurodegenerative disease, and evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) identified storage granules in leukocytes. Lysosomal enzyme assays of plasma and leukocytes showed deficiencies of Hex‐A and Hex‐B activities in both tissues. Genetic analysis identified a homozygous, 3‐base pair deletion in the HEXB gene (c.618‐620delCCT).Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Clinical, biochemical, and molecular features are characterized in a Shiba Inu with GM2‐gangliosidosis. The deletion of 3 adjacent base pairs in HEXB predicts the loss of a leucine residue at amino acid position 207 (p.Leu207del) supporting the hypothesis that GM2‐gangliosidosis seen in this dog is the Sandhoff type. Because GM1‐gangliosidosis also exists in this breed with almost identical clinical signs, genetic testing for both GM1‐ and GM2‐gangliosidosis should be considered to make a definitive diagnosis. 相似文献14.
R. Suzuki H. Matsumoto T. Teshima H. Koyama 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(1):69-75
Background
Left ventricular torsional motion plays an important role for effective pump function. However, noninvasive clinical assessment of torsional deformations by two‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) has not been reported.Hypothesis
Left ventricular torsion is determined by the native orientation of the helical myocardial fibers, such that it might provide better assessment of myocardial function than conventional methods.Animals
Sixty‐seven client‐owned dogs with MMVD were classified into 3 classes based on the International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council classification and 16 weight‐ and age‐matched healthy dogs.Methods
Dogs were examined for myocardial deformations by 2D‐STE and were evaluated for peak systolic rotation and rotation rate at each basal and apical view. Dogs also were evaluated for peak systolic torsion and torsion rate.Results
Peak systolic torsion was higher in class II than in class I (P < .001) dogs. Peak systolic torsion was lower in class III than in class II (P = .001) dogs and controls (P = .003).Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Torsional deformations assessed by 2D‐STE differed among clinical classes of MMVD. Myocardial torsional deformations by 2D‐STE may provide more detailed assessment of contractile function in dogs with MMVD. 相似文献15.
16.
A. Pakozdy P. Halasz A. Klang J. Bauer M. Leschnik A. Tichy J.G. Thalhammer B. Lang A. Vincent 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(1):212-214
Background
Treatment‐resistant complex partial seizures (CPS) with orofacial involvement recently were reported in cats in association with hippocampal pathology. The features had some similarity to those described in humans with limbic encephalitis and voltage‐gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex antibody.Hypothesis/Objectives
The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate cats with CPS and orofacial involvement for the presence of VGKC‐complex antibody.Animals
Client‐owned cats with acute orofacial CPS and control cats were investigated.Methods
Prospective study. Serum was collected from 14 cats in the acute stage of the disease and compared with 19 controls. VGKC‐complex antibodies were determined by routine immunoprecipitation and by binding to leucine‐rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) and contactin‐associated protein‐like 2 (CASPR2), the 2 main targets of VGKC‐complex antibodies in humans.Results
Five of the 14 affected cats, but none of the 19 controls, had VGKC‐complex antibody concentrations above the cut‐off concentration (>100 pmol/L) based on control samples and similar to those found in humans. Antibodies in 4 cats were directed against LGI1, and none were directed against CASPR2. Follow‐up sera were available for 5 cats in remission and all antibody concentrations were within the reference range.Conclusion and Clinical Importance
Our study suggests that an autoimmune limbic encephalitis exists in cats and that VGKC‐complex/LGI1 antibodies may play a role in this disorder, as they are thought to in humans. 相似文献17.
Silver M Rusk A Phillips B Beck E Jankowski M Philibert J Hahn K Hershey E McKeegan E Bauch J Krivoshik A Khanna C 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(2):349-354
Background
ABT‐751 is a novel orally available antimitotic agent that targets microtubule polymerization. This mechanism may suggest potential activity in canine lymphoma.Objective
Determine a maximum tolerated dose for ABT‐751, and assess long‐term tolerability and activity in canine lymphoma.Animals
Thirty dogs with newly diagnosed (n = 19) or relapsed (n = 11) non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma.Methods
Dogs (n = 11) were enrolled in a rapid dose escalation study to define the maximum tolerated dose. Upon definition of a maximally tolerated dose, a cohort expansion of 19 dogs allowed verification of long‐term tolerability and assessment of activity. Study endpoints in the cohort expansion included chronic tolerability, response rate, response duration, and time to progression. Additional endpoints included serum pharmacokinetics, lymph node drug concentrations, and changes in circulating endothelial cells.Results
The maximum tolerated dose of ABT‐751 was 350 mg/m2 PO q24h. Dose‐limiting toxicities included vomiting and diarrhea, which resolved with a schedule adjustment to 350 mg/m2 PO q48h. ABT‐751 was consistently detected in lymphoma tissue samples from dogs treated at or above the maximum tolerated dose. In the cohort expansion, objective responses were seen in 3/15 (20%) dogs with a response duration ranging from 21 to 111 days. Decreases in circulating endothelial cells were seen in 10 dogs at day 7 (2 responding dogs and 8 nonresponding dogs).Conclusion
ABT‐751 was well tolerated at 350 mg/m2 PO q24h for 7 days and then q48h thereafter. Activity of ABT‐751 suggested a rationale for additional studies of ABT‐751 as part of a combination chemotherapy protocol for lymphoma or other canine cancers. 相似文献18.
Introduction
We sought to determine the feasibility, measurement variability, and within-day repeatability of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) measured by two-dimensional echocardiography (2D TAPSE), generate reference intervals for 2D TAPSE, assess agreement and correlation between 2D TAPSE and the conventional TAPSE measured by M-mode echocardiography (MM TAPSE), and to assess the ability of 2D TAPSE to track a drug-induced decrease in right ventricular (RV) function compared with MM TAPSE.Animals
Seventy healthy privately owned dogs of varying bodyweight.Methods
All dogs underwent a single echocardiogram to quantify RV function by both TAPSE methods. Ten dogs underwent a second echocardiogram 2–3 h after the first to assess within-day repeatability, and 20 different dogs underwent a second echocardiogram 3-h after atenolol (1 mg/kg per os (PO)). Intraobserver and interobserver measurement variabilities were assessed in 12 randomly selected studies using coefficients of variation. Statistical relationships between 2D TAPSE and bodyweight, gender, heart rate, and age were explored.Results
2D TAPSE could be measured in all dogs. Coefficients of variation for repeatability and measurement variability were low (≤12%). Bodyweight-dependent reference intervals for 2D TAPSE were generated using allometric scaling. TAPSE methods were strongly correlated (r = 0.72; p<0.0001) but 2D TAPSE measured consistently less than MM TAPSE (?1.6 [2.2] mm) when analyzed by Bland–Altman's method. Both TAPSE methods were significantly (p≤0.014) reduced after atenolol but percent decrease in 2D TAPSE (?16.2 [9.3]%) was significantly greater (p=0.03) than MM TAPSE (?7.5 [13.8]%).Conclusions
Two-dimensional echocardiography TAPSE appears well suited for clinical assessment of RV function. The TAPSE methods should not be used interchangeably. 相似文献19.
Effect of Intravenous Administration of Cobalt Chloride to Horses on Clinical and Hemodynamic Variables
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T.A. Burns K.A. Dembek A. Kamr S.B. Dooley L.K. Dunbar T.K. Aarnes L.S. Bednarski C. O'Brien J. Lakritz B. Byrum A. Wade R. Farmer S. Tan R.E. Toribio 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):441-449
Background
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) is administered to racehorses to enhance performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, cardiovascular, and endocrine effects of parenterally administered CoCl2.Objectives
To describe the effects of weekly intravenous doses of CoCl2 on Standardbred horses.Animals
Five, healthy Standardbred mares.Methods
Prospective, randomized, experimental dose‐escalation pilot. Five Standardbred mares were assigned to receive 1 of 5 doses of CoCl2 (4, 2, 1, 0.5, or 0.25 mg/kg) weekly IV for 5 weeks. Physical examination, blood pressure, cardiac output, and electrocardiography (ECG) were evaluated for 4 hours after administration of the first and fifth doses. Blood and urine samples were collected for evaluation of cobalt concentration, CBC and clinical chemistry, and hormone concentrations.Results
All mares displayed pawing, nostril flaring, muscle tremors, and straining after CoCl2 infusion. Mares receiving 4, 2, or 1 mg/kg doses developed tachycardia after dosing (HR 60–126 bpm). Ventricular tachycardia was noted for 10 minutes after administration of the 4 mg/kg dose. Increases in systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) occurred after administration of all doses (4, 2, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/kg). Profound hypertension was observed after the 4 mg/kg dose (SAP/DAP, MAP [mmHg] = 291–300/163–213, 218–279). Hemodynamics normalized by 1–2 hours after administration. ACTH and cortisol concentrations increased within 30 minutes of administration of all CoCl2 doses, and cardiac troponin I concentration increased after administration of the 4 and 2 mg/kg doses.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
The degree of hypertension and arrhythmia observed after IV CoCl2 administration raises animal welfare and human safety concerns. 相似文献20.
Echocardiographic Estimates of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease
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E.H. Chapel B.A. Scansen K.E. Schober J.D. Bonagura 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):64-71