黄牛超数排卵及非手术法胚胎回收的研究

采用国产、日产外源激素，对杂种黄牛进行超数排卵处理及非手术回收6—7日龄胚胎的研究。以牛发情后第14天至17天，每日递减肌注垂体促滤泡素（FSH）。结果表明两种激素组在超排效果上均无明显差异，其超排有效率为83％，平均排卵数为6．44枚，春、秋两季非手术法，胚胎回收率分别为64．17％（11／17）和76．9％（20／26）。     

冷冻牛胚胎解冻后直接移植

冷冻胚胎解冻后能够直接移植给受体母畜，可为胚胎移植技术提供方便，并促进通过体外技术大量产生的胚胎的销售。牛胚胎直接移植技术利用蔗糖作为渗透缓部液，移植前在细管中去甘油、或者将蔗糖添加到防冻液直接移植而不必进行其他步骤。冷冻妆移植的新方法使用１．５Ｍ乙二醇中胚胎可以在保持液中直接再入水，不需要逐步稀释防冻剂，胚胎存活率与在基甘油中冷 冻用逐步法再入水的相同。另外，在１．５Ｍ乙二醇（ＥＧ）中冷冻，解冻     

牛胚胎冷冻与移植受胎技术研究

本文进行了牛胚胎冷冻与移植受胎技术研究。摸索出了提高牛冷冻胚胎成活率和移植受胎率的综合配套技术。牛冷冻胚胎解冻成活率达８４．４％（５７／１２２）。其中１９９６年移植受胎率达到５５．６％（２０／３６）。Ａ级胚胎达以７７．８％（２１／２７），并在我国首次获得中国荷斯坦牛冷冻胚胎的二分胚的同孵孪生牛犊。且达到４２．９％（３／７）移植受胎率。     

在生产条件下牛冷冻胚胎直接移植的效果

牛冷冻胚胎解冻后能直接移植给受体牛的胚胎冷冻保存方法,对在商业条件下应用胚胎移植技术最有价值。传统冷冻法通常在胚胎解冻后用蔗糖溶液分步稀释抗冻保护剂,在显微镜下检查胚胎品质,合格者方能移植。与此相比,直接移植法简化了移植前胚胎的处理,可消除由于稀释抗...     

牛胚胎质量的鉴定和移植效果的分析

牛胚胎质量的鉴定和移植效果的分析黑龙江省安达市畜牧局牛胚胎移植课题组（１５１４００）李国江，徐万库，杨维国，魏梅松牛胚胎移植成功率的高低，除取决于技术熟练程度和受体牛的内在因素外，鉴别选用优良的胚胎是一个很关键的环节。特别在微观下，鉴别鲜胚或冻胚的质...     

Equine embryo transfer

Current procedures for collection and transfer of equine embryos are presented. Factors affecting embryo recovery and pregnancy rates after transfer are discussed, and morphologic assessment and development of the embryo are described.     

Matching of embryo stages and grades with recipient oestrous synchrony in bovine embryo transfer

The efficacy of matching embryos with recipients on the basis of embryo stage and grade and donor-recipient oestrous synchrony was investigated using the records of 13,663 embryos that were collected and transferred at a commercial embryo transfer centre. The selection of early blastocysts for exact oestrous synchrony cows was effective and resulted in the highest pregnancy rates. Selection of early morulae was effective for recipients in oestrus after the donor but not when transferred into exact and negative recipients. The matching of late morulae with recipients in oestrus after the donor was not effective and had no influence on pregnancy rates. The selection of late, hatched and collapsed blastocysts for transfer into recipients in oestrus before the donor was ineffective and pregnancy rates were higher in exact and +12 hour recipients. Pregnancy rates declined 23.6 per cent in quality grades 1 to 4 whereas the range between stages was 13.3 per cent. Higher quality embryos of all stages gave the highest pregnancy rates. Examination of pregnancy rates of grades within stages suggested that the more developed the embryo the more difficult it is to grade. The difference in pregnancy rates between exact and -24 (6.9 per cent) and +24 (4.8 per cent) hour recipients was small and declined a further 4.7 per cent and 9.8 per cent in -36 and +36 hour recipients. Grade 3 and 4 embryos tolerated asynchrony better than grade 1 and 2, and early morulae tolerated asynchrony better than the other stages. It was concluded that the matching of certain embryo stages with the donor-recipient oestrous synchrony is advantageous but not always possible.     

牛的胚胎移植技术研究

胚胎移植（ET）是体外受精、转基因、体细胞核移植等胚胎工程技术的基础性环节。近年来，ET已由试验阶段转向畜牧生产，得以推广应用，人们也更加清楚地看到了ET在家畜繁殖、育种中的重要作用。我国是１９７８年在奶牛上取得了成功，现在已基本上建立了牛超数排卵、胚胎采集、移植的方法。现就牛的胚胎移植技术介绍如下：１供体牛的选择和超数排卵１．１供体牛（Donor）供体牛必须具备本品种的典型体征和优秀的生产性能，牛体健康，遗传性能非常高，年龄中青年最好，繁殖机能正常，黄体发育良好，具备超数排卵的基本条件。１．２超数排卵…