大杯蕈原生质体菌株筛选的研究

对野生大杯蕈（Ｃｌｉｔｏｃｙｂｅ ｍａｘｉｍａ）原生质体的分离再生及再生菌株的构建进行研究,以纤维素酶、溶壁酶、崩溃酶、β－葡萄糖苷酸酶的去壁效果最好,而新生酶,几丁质酶,蜗牛酶的云壁效果较差。２种以上的酶液混合使用能提高去壁效果。酶解液在０．１％￣２．０％浓度范围内原生质体释放量随酶解液的浓度升高几乎呈直线上升。酶解３￣５ｈ释放的原生质体最多。酶解液ｐＨ值在５．０￣６．０范围内原生质体的产量较高     

松茸原生质体制备与再生的研究

本文针对酶种类及其浓度 ,酶解时间、渗透压稳定剂的种类及其浓度、菌龄及菌丝形态等对松茸菌丝原生质体制备与再生影响的研究。结果表明 ,采用三角摇瓶培养 3 d后、静置培养60 h的松茸菌丝体 ,在 3 0℃ ,p H6.5的条件下 ,以 0 .6M蔗糖为渗透压稳定剂 ,通过 2 .5 %溶壁酶、0 .5 %崩溃酶的复合酶进行2 .5 h酶解 ,松茸原生质体制备率与再生率最高     

灰树花原生质体制备与再生条件的研究

本文对灰树花 51 #菌株原生质体制备及再生条件进行了研究。结果表明 :液体摇瓶振荡培养 7天的菌丝 ,以 0 .6M的甘露醇作渗透压稳定剂 ,采用浓度为 2 %的真菌溶壁酶 ,在pH5 .5、30℃条件下酶解 5小时 ,原生质体制备率最高 ,可达到6 .6× 1 0 6 个 /ml,所得原生质体在两种不同的培养方式中均实现了再生。     

金顶侧耳原生质体制备与再生条件的研究

采用单因素以及正交试验法探究金顶侧耳原生质体的制备及再生条件,结果显示:加富PDA液体培养基培养5天的菌丝,在以蔗糖为渗透压稳定剂配制2%浓度的溶壁酶条件下,30℃酶解2.5 h,原生质体得率为2.36×107个/m L;选择蔗糖再生培养基,再生率可达0.71%。     

云芝菌丝体原生质体制备与再生条件的研究

研究了不同酶种类、酶浓度、酶解温度和时间、渗透压稳定剂、pH值及菌龄等因素对云芝原生质体制备以及不同再生培养基对云芝原生质体再生的影响。结果表明,菌龄3d的云芝菌丝体用3％溶壁酶,以pH5．5,0．4mol／L的KCl为稳定剂,30℃酶解5h获得的原生质体产量最高;用RMl再生培养基培养,原生质体再生率最高。     

姬松茸原生质体制备及再生条件优化

以姬松茸JS01为试材,通过单因素试验和正交实验,利用SPSS 22.0软件进行分析,对姬松茸原生质体的制备及再生条件进行优化,以提高姬松茸原生质体产量和再生率。首次通过在再生培养基中添加细胞壁前体物质及营养因子,进一步提高姬松茸原生质体的再生率。结果表明:原生质体最佳制备条件为菌龄7d,以0.6mol·L~(-1) KCl作渗透压稳定剂,溶壁酶浓度1.5%,酶解温度30℃,酶解时间4.0h,pH 6.0,在该条件下原生质体产量高达1.97×10~7个·mL~(-1);菌龄6d,以0.6mol·L~(-1) MgSO_4作渗透压稳定剂,溶壁酶浓度2.0%,酶解温度30℃,酶解时间3.0h,pH 6.5,再生培养基为GM时,原生质体的再生率最高,为1.12%。再生培养基中添加纤维二糖和维生素B_1后,再生率为1.17%,较优化结果提高了4.46%。该研究为姬松茸在菌种提纯复壮、原生质体诱变、原生质体融合育种、原生质体基因组重排等遗传学研究提供参考依据。     

灵芝原生质体制备与再生条件的研究

本文研究了不同酶浓度、酶解温度、酶解时间、渗透压稳定剂及菌龄等对灵芝菌丝原生质体制备与再生的影响，结果表明，菌龄为60h的菌丝，采用浓度为2％的溶壁酶以0．6M的甘露醇作渗透压稳定剂于pH6.5，30℃下酶解2h，当酶解液中湿菌体含量对0．1g/mL时，其原生质体数可达2^*10^7个/mL，且再生率达8．5％。     

猪苓原生质体制备与再生条件的研究

采用L16(4)正交设计,得出猪苓原生质体制备最佳条件是取菌龄7d的菌丝体,以2%溶壁酶,0.6mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定荆,在33℃下酶解3h,原生质体数达到2.62×107个·mL-1.原生质体再生的最佳条件是取菌龄5d的菌丝体.以2%溶壁酶,0.6mol·L-1蔗糖作为渗透压稳定剂,在27℃的条件下,酶解3h.猪苓原生质体再生的最佳培养基为葡萄糖10g、麦芽糖5g、酵母粉4g、0.6mol·L-1甘露醇、琼脂5.5g,定容到1 000mL.再生率可达到0.65%.     

黑木耳原生质体制备、再生及单核体荧光鉴定

利用正交试验研究了黑木耳原生质体制备、再生的最佳条件,结果表明,原生质体制备最佳条件是酶解温度31℃、酶浓度1．0％、菌龄5d、酶解时间4h,原生质体再生的最佳条件是酶解温度27℃、酶解时间4h、酶浓度1．5％、菌龄11d。稳渗剂种类对黑木耳原生质体再生率的试验结果表明,采用0．5mol／L蔗糖为稳渗剂,各黑木耳菌株的原生质体再生率最高。HW2号菌株原生质体经核染色其单核化比率最高;在荧光显微镜下观察菌丝核相,单、双核清晰可辨。     

银耳菌丝原生质体分离和再生研究

以菌株Tr01为材料，研究了不同菌龄、溶壁酶浓度、酶解温度、稳渗剂对银耳工力丝在的原生质体产量及不同稳渗剂对原生质再生的影响。结果表明，原生质体分离的最佳条件为：菌丝菌龄9天，酶液浓度2％，稳渗剂0.4mol/L硫酸镁，在34℃下酶解4h，原生质体以0.4mol/L甘露醇作稳渗剂再生率较高，为1.13%。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Expression and significance of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining, the antibodies CD30, CD15, CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%), there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05), meanwhile the positive rate of GAS1 showed statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05). ②Two cases were showed to be a mixed type combined with large tumor cells of HL and relatively smaller tumor cells of ALCL.CONCLUSION: ①The different expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in HL and ALCL implied a different mechanism of oncogenesis and the different defects in the pathway of signal transduction of apoptosis in HL and ALCL;②Few cases showed an overlap and a likely transitional state between HL and ALCL; ③The different expressing manner of GAS1 and c-IAP2 in HL and ALCL implied the potential marks for the differential dignosis of two kinds of lymphoma.     

Effects of patch attributes, barriers, and distance between patches on the distribution of a rock-dwelling rodent (Lagidium viscacia)

We tested whether size of habitat patches and distance between patches are sufficient to predict the distribution of the mountain vizcacha Lagidium viscacia a large, rock-dwelling rodent of the Patagonian steppe Argentina, or whether information on other patch and landscape characteristics also is required. A logistic regression model including the distance between rock crevices and depth of crevices, distance between a patch and the nearest occupied patch, and whether or not there was a river separating it from the nearest occupied patch was a better predictor of patch occupancy by mountain vizcachas than was a model based only on patch size and distance between patches. Our results indicate that a simple metapopulation analysis based on size of habitat patches and distance between patches may not provide an accurate representation of regional population dynamics if patches vary in habitat quality independently of patch size and features in the matrix alter connectivity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inhibitory β-adrenergic receptor in heart

β₃-adrenergic receptor is the third subtype of β-adrenergic receptors. The genetic structure and pharmacological property of β₃-adrenergic receptor are markedly distinguished from β₁-and β₂-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Recently studies show that myocardial β₃-adrenergic receptor mediates negative inotropic effect through Gi-protein/NO/cGMP pathway, the expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor and negative inotropic effect mediated by β₃-adrenergic receptor are increased in heart failure. However, because of the low expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor in the heart, the actual pathophysiological significance of β₃-adrenergic receptor remains unknown.