食品供需网可追溯体系构建的博弈分析

为突出食品供需网(FSDN)理念在可追溯体系构建上的优势,论文构建了食品供应链的Nash博弈均衡模型与食品供需网的Pareto博弈均衡模型,分析2种情况下企业构建食品可追溯体系的投入水平。结果发现在食品供应链中,企业在政策、法规等强制约束下会对可追溯体系的构建有一定的投入,但是投入水平较低。在食品供需网中,由Pareto均衡模型得出,企业对可追溯体系构建的投入高于Nash均衡水平。因此,食品供需网的构建可提高企业可追溯体系构建的投入水平,促使企业主动参与可追溯体系的构建和实施。     

An Analysis of ESO and Manager Behavior by Game Theory

After reform of state -owned firms mechanism, many companies appeal for ESO, but there have not been any clear theories for operation in practice until now. On the basis of principal-agent theory of the firm, this paper regards owners and managers as the two sides to game and builds the game model which analyses the behaviors of owners and managers. As a long-term stock based incentive system, ESO will align the goal of owners and managers and make them reach Nash Equilibrium to maximize their utility, and lower agency cost to solve the agency problem in modern firms.     

Analysis of the Moral Risk Model during Construction Process under Asymmetric Information

During construction process,there is a "principal-agent" relation between clients and constraints.Between the two parties,there exists moral risk under asymmetric information.This paper builds a "moral risk model" between clients and constraints during the construction process by applying "principal-agent theory" in the information economics theory.On the basis of quantitative analysis of the model,this paper draws some conclusions,which is benefitial to the enhancement of the level of project management.At last,this paper proposes some advice on reducing the moral hazard of the constraints.     

An EOQ Model Taking Account of the Variable Selling Price Under Stock Dependent Selling Rate

In 1995, Padmanabhan and Vrat presented inventory models for deteriorating items with a constant selling price and stock dependent selling rate . Based on the result, in 2000, Kun-Jen Chung, Peter Chu and Shaw-Ping Lan devoloped the necessary and sufficient conditions of the existence and uniqueness of the optimal solutions of the profit per unit time functions without backlogging and with complete backlogging. Actually, the selling price need not be constant, it may be variable . This paper puts forward an EOQ model when the selling price is variable without backlogging, discusses the existence and uniqueness of optimum solution. The example is provided to illustrate the model. The theoretical evidence is provided for the inventory system to make management decision.     

Study on Principal -agent Relationship between Developers and Agents

With the development of real estate market,the agency model will be more popular.Under asymmetry of information,both developer and agent are faced with moral hazards.In this paper,the authors analyzed the Principal-agent relationship between developers and agents,and used a principal-agent model to analyze the influencing factors for agent's moral hazards,and the influencing factors for developer's moral hazards,at last,the authors provided some ideas to solve this problem.     

Fuzzy c-means Cluster Over Gentic Algorithm

Fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm is dynamic cluster algorithm whose result often is local optimal decision. There often exists insignificant clustering in the result of Fuzzy c-means algorithm when traditional union, Intersection and inclusion work in fuzzy set. Our research indicates there are no insignificant clustering in the result of Fuzzy c-means algorithm over genetic algorithm and partial optimal solution can be avoided with this algorithm to a certain extent. The coding, select, corresponding crossover and mutation operators are designed. Finally we compared the performance of GFCM and FCM with testing data. Results show that the performance of GFCM is far better than FCM.     

Study on Compensation Standard of the Urban House Dismantlement Based on Game Theory

It is a hot question in recent years in China about the urban house dismantlement and development, and the low compensation standard of the urban house dismantlement has been thought to be the main reason that cause dispute of the urban house dismantlement. After a two-player game model is built, the paper solves mix-strategy Nash equilibrium of game and analyzes the influence of improving compensation to game equilibrium. It is concluded that, if government only improve policy of compensation standard to issue, the resident ready to move with their house to be dismantled can enjoy the great benefit shortly, but the long-term policy result is to reduce the incidence of the urban house dismantlement and slow down paces that the old city transforms.     

直接接触式换热器传热性能优化

建立了以容积换热系数为目标函数,工质流率U₀、喷头喷孔直径d_i、导热油液位高度Z为决策变量的直接接触式换热器性能优化模型,同时进一步将液滴群行为与传热协同关系作为约束条件引入优化模型中,重点分析该约束条件对优化过程及结果的影响。运用遗传算法对原模型和补充模型进行了优化分析,结果表明：原模型优化后的容积换热系数达到了初始值的6.7倍;而补充模型最优值的迭代次数比原模型减小了约55%,同时最优值比原模型提高了0.3%。所以该约束条件不仅提高了迭代速率,还提高了寻求全局最优值的概率,使得最优解更逼近全局最优值。     

乳制品冷链物流的库存-生产策略优化研究

在日益激烈的企业生存竞争中,针对乳制品生产企业如何选取合适的生产批量和库存水平的问题,提出了成本-时间-客户满意度的三目标优化模型。首先,考虑乳制品的库存费用、周转时间和客户满意度,分别建立库存生产成本、库存周转时间和客户满意度优化模型;其次,以生产批量和库存水平为决策变量,应用多目标遗传算法,集成库存生产成本模型、库存周转时间模型和客户满意度模型,求出所有非劣解;最后,应用伪权向量法,通过保质期不同的产品验证提出的模型。结果表明,对于不同保质期的产品,均可得出最优库存生产批量大小和最优库存水平。     

Repeated game theory intrusion detection model for the Internet of Things

The existing security methods cannot be applied to the Internet of Things due to the defects of communication nodes. To solve this problem, an intrusion detection model based on repeated game theory is presented. A repeated game model algorithm for detecting malicious nodes is built, and the algorithm of Quantal Response Equilibrium (QRE) is used for optimizing the model and making results reach the Nash equilibrium. Moreover, a common punishment strategy is introduced to improve the success of transfer data in this model. The results of the simulation represent that this model can restrain malicious nodes attacking effectively and improve the efficiency of network.     

The Reformation of the Construction Employment System and Building a Harmonious Society

Construction industry is not only the pillar industry in national economy,but also the typical industry with intensive labors.As a major part of the construction industry,the Construction Employment System(CES) is an important factor of the market order,as well as the quality,the safety and the development of the industry.It is also an important part for building a harmonious society.It concerns the social harmony,political harmony,societal harmony,cultural harmony,urban-rural harmony,etc.However,at present,there are still many problems in CES that might influence the harmonious society building.This paper advises to speed up the reformation of CES,to establish and consummate the system of construction labor subcontract,to develop vigorously labor subcontract corporations,to improve the quality of the labors,to ensure the rights and interests of the labor.     

Option-game Analysis on the Investment Decision of Enterprise

In the analysis on the investment decision of enterprise under uncertainty, NPV is not applicable. From the view of the real option, uncertainty makes the monopoly enterprise delay the investment. This paper analyses the problem of investment decision under different assumptions in the option-game framework, taking the uncertainty and competition into account. Delay is not optimal for the non-monopoly enterprise. The symmetry and the information completeness of the enterprises will affect the investment strategic and equilibrium of the game.     

Two Optimization Methods for Portfolio Investment Decision

On the basis of introducing some fundamental theories and computational methods of portfolio investment, this paper derives a decision model for searching optimal portfolio with the utility function. Then,after comparing the new model with the conditional extreme optimization model,which has been usually considered by people,the result shows the new model would be more efficient under certain conditions.     

Synthetic Control Strategy for a Car With Hydro-mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission System at Standing Start

Continuously variable transmission (CVT) is the ideal transmission for automobile, it is also one of the most important research items of researchers and automobile companies all over the world. The dynamic simulation model is established and integrated control strategy of standing start is proposed for dual mode CVT vehicle, aiming at automatic vehicle with torque converter as a starter and metal pushing belt as a higher transmission equipment (Dual mode CVT vehicle), on the base of engine and torque converter performance experiment. Simulation result shows that vehicle performance can be improved by using the control strategy proposed. The research results provide the theory method of analyzing and designing for CVT vehicle.     

Evaluation for Enterprise Core Competence Based on AHP

Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),a qualitative and quantitative method for multi target decision, was first brought up by T.L.Saaty in 1970s. By using AHP, the author establishes a mathematic model of hierarchy relationship among competitive factors, evaluation indexes for performance and level of performance, To analyze influences of each competitive factor on performance and create arrangement of competitive factors in terms of importance to performance of enterprise own or rival firms, and ascertain core competence according to qualitative and quantitative analysis to support competitive decisions in markets. Finally the result of this research is applied to DaFeng Ltd. and its' feasibility and practicality in decision can be tested and verified.     

Game Analysis of Vertical Cooperative Advertising with Price Discount

This paper studies the problem of cooperative advertising of two-echelon supply chain when the manufacturer offers a price deduction to consumers. And the equilibrium outcomes in a two-stage game and a coordinated co-op game are discussed and compared respectively. The results demonstrate that, under a certain condition, the retailer will increase local advertising effort if the manufacturer offers more price discount to customers directly. For any given price discount, the total profit for the supply chain with cooperative scheme is always higher than that with the non-cooperative scheme, and we find that the price discount will only be suitable for the merchandise with price sensitive demand. Then the Nash bargaining model is utilized to determine the allocation of the entire system profit gain. Finally, a numerical example is given to confirm the above conclusion.     

Modeling by Bond Graph and Simulation for a Metal Pushing Belt Continuously Variable Transmission System

Continuously variable transmission is the ideal transmission mode, the Metal Pushing Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) is the most mature CVT used in vehicle at present. By studying the transmission mechanism and ratio change characteristics of Metal Pushing Continuously Variable Transmission system, and using the bond graph theory, a bond graph model of continuously variable transmission is established in this paper, and the state space function is derived. Based on the model, The simulation of transmission characteristics of a CVT car is studied, the simulation result shows that the dynamic characteristics of continuously variable transmission could be expressed in this model. The research results can provide the theoretical analysis method and design basis for CVT vehicle.[WT5HZ]     

Analysis and Applicati on High- Efficacy Saving Energy Technique of Central Air - Conditioning System

Aimins at the state that present central air- conditioning systems performance in high ineffective energy consumption, this paper studies the reasons of ineffective energy consumption and the key technique to solove the problem. A set of energe saving device for central air - conditioning systems is developed. A system dynamical mathematical model is established in theory, and an optimal performance pattern is fired. The central air - conditioning system can work in the optimal pattern with effective comfortability and saving energy by using. The device may save power rate to 22.6% by survey and may have broad market prospect in the southern area.     

EPQ Model with Different Lost Sale Factor Relative to Inventory Level

It is important for enterprises' inventory management to find out the optimal production cycle and the length of shortage time,so that the total cost of inventory system can be reduced and the service level can be raised.Based on the classical EPQ model,this paper develops an EPQ model for deterioration items with different lost sale factor relative to the inventory level during shortage period.The existence of unique optimal solution is discussed by mathematic analysis and a numeric example.The sensitivity analysis shows that the parameter of losing sale has different impact on the costs of inventory system.The factors must be considered for the production inventory system to make management decision.     

Integrating Mechanism of Standard Costing Activity-Based Costing and Inner Transfer Pricing

According to the mutual relations of standard costing,activity-based costing and inner transfer pricing, this paper explores systematically the approaches of the integrations of the above three in the large or medium enterprises that carry out decentralized management. Further, we raise three models as external report model, internal decision model and social contribution model, based on the financial accounting, managerial accounting and incremental accounting respectively. Finally, we investigate the principle of stratified application of the integration of standard costing, activity-based costing and inner transfer pricing, in the perspective of practice. The formula is presented that decomposes the inner transfer pricing, budgets the comprehensive cost and converses the variable cost & materiel cost into the manufacturing cost.