Transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana with Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Transformed Arabidopsis thaliana plants have been produced by a modified leaf disk transformation-regeneration method. Leaf pieces from sterilely grown plants were precultured for 2 days and inoculated with an Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain containing an avirulent Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid with a chimeric gene encoding hygromycin resistance. After cocultivation for 2 days, the leaf pieces were placed on a medium that selects for hygromycin resistance. Shoots regenerated within 3 months and were excised, rooted, and transferred to soil. Transformation was confirmed by opine production, hygromycin resistance, and DNA blot hybridization of both primary transformants and progeny. This process for producing transgenic Arabidopsis plants should enhance the usefulness of the species for experimental biology.     

农杆菌介导法将LFY基因导入苹果的研究

以M26苹果叶片为外植体,利用GUS瞬时表达率,对农杆菌介导法转化苹果的因素进行优化,通过含LFY基因的根癌农杆菌EHA105转化苹果叶片,获得了提早开花的转基因植株。结果表明:以OD600=0.3~0.5农杆菌菌液侵染叶片,25℃条件下共培养,共培养后的叶片延迟筛选3 d,在附加卡那霉素30 mg/L的再生培养基中选择培养,转化芽再生率可达6.97%。PCR检测初步证明目的LFY基因已整合到苹果基因组中。     

Inheritance of functional foreign genes in plants

Morphologically normal plants were regenerated from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia cells transformed with an Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain containing a tumor-inducing plasmid with a chimeric gene for kanamycin resistance. The presence of the chimeric gene in regenerated plants was demonstrated by Southern hybridization analysis, and its expression in plant tissues was confirmed by the ability of leaf segments to form callus on media containing kanamycin at concentrations that were normally inhibitory. Progeny derived from several transformed plants inherited the foreign gene in a Mendelian manner.     

农杆菌转化法将抗虫基因导入大豆获转基因植株

利用根癌农杆菌(Agrobacteriumfaciens)介导法将抗虫基因导入大豆子叶节。大豆无菌苗子叶节经过与根癌农杆菌共培养、卡那霉素抗性筛选获得96株抗性植株，经PCR和PCR—Southern鉴定，有4株为阳性株。     

花生油酸脱氢酶基因遗传转化体系的建立与表达分析

 【目的】培育高油酸的花生新种质。【方法】以根癌农杆菌为介导将含有油酸脱氢酶基因的植物双元表达载体pFGC/2nd转入花生外植体丛生芽,通过卡那霉素筛选,器官发生再生转化植株;荧光定量PCR检测转基因植株。【结果】丛生芽外植体于OD600为0.6的农杆菌菌液中浸泡8～10 min后,在MS培养基上暗培养3 d效果较好。诱导筛选培养3个月左右,共得到16株转化植株,其中11个转基因植株经PCR检测呈阳性,说明外源基因已整合进入受体植物。进一步的荧光定量PCR检测显示,有4个植株基本上不表达或表达量很低。【结论】建立花生丛生芽遗传转化体系;RNA干扰对内源的油酸脱氢酶基因产生了抑制作用。     

苹果叶片再生的改进及抗虫基因植株的获得

用分别含有全部改造和部分改造的Ｂｔ基因植物表达载体ｐＢ４８．７和ｐＢ４８．６的土壤农杆菌转化苹果优良品种（红富士、早生富士、辽伏）的叶片外植体，经过对ＭＳ培养基成分调整，在Ｎｔ保持不变的条件下以（ＮＨ４）：ＳＯ４取代ＮＨ４ＮＯ３，使得转化后再生频率大增，现已获得２３２株转化再生植株，这些植株可以在合５０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１的卡那霉素培养基上生长，选出部分植株作ＰＣＲ检测，表明Ｂｔ基因已被导入这些苹果品种中。     

CYcD2基因转入丽格海棠研究

[目的]改变丽格海棠的开花时间,为丽格海棠分子育种奠定基础。[方法]以丽格海棠叶片为外植体,利用液氮直接转化法将pBI121-CYcD2转入根癌农杆菌EHA52中,再通过农杆菌介导法将CYcD2基因导入丽格海棠中。[结果]选择100 mg/L的卡那霉素作为转化外植体的起始选择压力。将经农杆菌共培养及过渡培养后的材料转入筛选培养基中,60 d后获得15个不定芽,再在生根培养基中培养20 d后,全部生根。PCR检测发现,15株卡那霉素抗性植株中有6株表现出与阳性对照相同的特异性条带,剩余植株为假转化体。Southern杂交分析表明6个转化植株中有5个出现了杂交信号,即为转基因植株,仅有1个为假阳性。[结论]该研究已成功地将外源基因CYcD2转入丽格海棠受体中。     

GUS基因转入烟草细胞通过科间细胞共培养在胡萝卜再生植株中的表达

用Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ菌株ＬＢＡ４４０４（含有质粒ｐＢＩ１２１和ｐＡＬ４４０４）介导转化普通烟草（Ｎｉｃｏｔｉａｎａｔａｂａｃｕｍ）的悬浮细胞，获得卡那霉素抗性（ＫｍＲ）材料，其再生植株中表现ＧＵＳ活性。以这一继代半年以上的转基因烟草细胞系为材料，与胡萝卜（Ｄａｕｃｕｓｃａｒｏｔａ）细胞进行科间细胞共培养和低渗活化等处理，在含２００ｍｇ·ｌ－１卡那霉素（Ｋｍ）的培养基上筛选，得到具有ＫｍＲ的胡萝卜田胞系（ｃｅＲ），其再生的胡萝卜植株中也有一部分表现为ＫｍＲ，并在部分植株中检测到ＧＵＳ活性。这一结果表明Ｔ—ＤＮＡ可以通过科间细胞的共培养而从转基因烟草细胞中通过胞间通道转移到胡萝卜细胞中，并在胡萝卜细胞中表达。从这一结果来看，细胞共培养和有关处理的技术（ＡＣＨＴ）可能会成为植物基因转移的新技术。同时，发现共培养可以改进原来不亲和细胞之间的亲和性，这为植物细胞的识别和亲和性研究、亲和性的改善提供了方法和技术。     

马铃薯3GT基因转化拟南芥引起花色苷大量积累

为了验证马铃薯野生种3GT（UDP?鄄glucose：flavonoid 3?鄄0?鄄glucosyltransferase,类黄酮3?鄄O?鄄葡萄糖基转移酶）基因的功能,构建了携带CaMV 35S启动子的表达载体pG3GT并转化农杆菌GV3101。用菌液浸泡花序法对拟南芥进行遗传转化,在含50 mg/L Kan的培养基上对T0代种子进行筛选,先后得到4个阳性幼苗,转化率为0.13%。对移栽成活的3株抗性植株进行PCR检测为阳性,Southern blot分析有2株表现为阳性并为单拷贝整合,其中一株的叶片和茎杆颜色变成紫红色;经花色苷含量的测定表明其含量比野生型植株高出7.01倍。     

君迁子叶片培养再生植株的研究

 【目的】建立君迁子叶片离体再生体系,为转基因操作奠定基础。【方法】以君迁子幼叶为外植体,研究适合其再生植株的叶片部位、放置方式、基础培养基、植物生长调节剂以及暗培养时间等条件。【结果】叶片基部上表面朝下接种于1/2MS+ ZT 5.0 mg•L-1+IBA 0.01 mg•L-1的培养基,先期暗培养5周后转移至正常光照下培养效果最好,愈伤组织形成率、不定芽再生率和外植体平均不定芽数分别为100.0%、85.3%和2.8±0.6个。再生芽接种于不含植物生长调节剂的1/2MS培养基上,30 d时生根率达100%,平均根数和平均根长分别达5.4条和3.7 cm。再生植株炼苗后移栽,30 d时成活率达98.5%。【结论】成功地建立了君迁子叶片的离体再生体系。     

本生烟草组培再生及遗传转化的研究

[目的]获得本生烟草转胰高血糖素样肽-1基因植株。[方法]以本生烟草无菌苗叶片为外植体材料,建立本生烟草再生系统,通过农杆菌叶盘法浸染进行遗传转化,获得本生烟草转胰高血糖素样肽-1基因植株。[结果]通过多重比对和重复,确定本生烟草叶片最适分化培养基为MS＋1.5mg/L6-BA＋0.1mg/LNAA,生根培养基为MS＋0.1mg/LIBA;经由卡那霉素浓度梯度试验,确定选择压力为5mg/L卡那霉素;对经卡那霉素筛选获得的抗性芽进行GUS组织化学检测,获得阳性信号。[结论]初步证实外源基因胰高血糖素样肽-1已整合到本生烟草基因组中。     

甘露聚糖酶基因在烟草中的表达

构建了携带湖北大学生命科学学院分子微生物与基因工程实验室克隆的甘露聚糖酶基因的重组植物表达载体pLM50,转化根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens,LBA4404),再用农杆菌介导的叶圆盘法对烟草(Nicotiana tabacumL.)叶片进行遗传转化,在含卡那霉素的MS筛选分化培养基上筛选。结果获基因转化烟草植株4株;经PCR、Western blot等方法检测,证明man基因在烟草转化植株中得了表达。     

Regular Production of Transgenic Wheat Mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Wheat is the number one crop both in acreage and total yield in the world. Therefore, it is very important to improve wheat by gene engineering techniques even though it belongs to the plants insensitive to gene transformation, especially to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Wheat immature embryos of 1.0-1.5mm in size, C58c1 of Agrobacterium strain harboring pPTN249, pPTN270, pPTN254, and pSIS-GFP respectively (all the vectors contain the aphA selectable gene driven by enhanced 35S promoter and a target gene controlled by ubi promoter or E35S promoter), AB medium for Agrobacterium activate culture, WCC medium for co-culture, were used in this study. The embryos with 4 days of pre-culture were transferred onto selection medium with 10mg/L geneticin, 50mg/L ticarcillin, 50mg/L vancomycin, and 50mg/L cefotaxine after 30 minutes of infection and 2 days of co-cultivation with Agrobacterium. Followed callus production,shoot regeneration on selection medium, 114 resistant plantlets were obtained from 10 transformation experiments of four genotypes. By nptⅡ ELISA (nptⅡ enzyme assay), PCR, Southern blot and leaf bleach,29 positive plants were identified from two genotypes of Bobwhite and Yanglmai 10, with an average transformation efficiency of 0.82 %. The result tested by Southern blot also showed that the transgenic plants with single- copy integration of target gene took 65.52% among total positive plants. The ELISA value of transgenic plant was also related to the copies of alien DNA integrating into wheat chromosomes, the transgenic plants with single copy integration giving higher ELISA value than the ones with 2 or 3 copies integration.     

农杆菌介导的矮牵牛遗传转化美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白基因的研究

为获取矮牵牛抗病毒株系,利用农杆菌介导的叶盘法,对3个品种的矮牵牛进行了PAP(美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白)基因遗传转化试验。结果表明,矮牵牛基因型对抗性芽的再生有显著影响,只有红色波浪系矮牵牛在含100 mg/L的卡那霉素筛选培养基上获得抗性芽,进一步转入含卡那霉素100 mg/L的生根培养基上进行筛选,获得31个株系的生根植株。对再生植株进行PCR检测,初步证明PAP基因已整合到其中29个株系的矮牵牛基因组中。     

农杆菌介导胡萝卜转化体系的诱导培养基优化

高频再生系统是外源基因成功转化的先决条件,但再生系统不等同于转化系统。为提高农杆菌共培养后胡萝卜的再生频率,以日本新黑田五寸参和林丰改良五寸参2个品种胡萝卜下胚轴为外植体,利用农杆菌介导法将人源白细胞介素-2基因(IL-2)导入其中,探讨了共培养后诱导培养基中激素浓度和筛选剂对再生的影响。结果显示:不同基因型胡萝卜的分化对激素浓度的反应不同,林丰改良五寸参在3种培养基上的胚性愈伤率差异不显著;日本新黑田五寸参胚性愈伤率和每个外植体分化的抗性株数随激素浓度的提高而呈上升趋势,2,4-D和6-BA浓度为1.0mg/L时胚性愈伤率和每个外植体分化的抗性株数最高,分别为87.50%和59株;日本新黑田五寸参以bar基因为标记基因、PPT作筛选剂时,分化较好。因此,遗传转化过程中,为提高共培养后胡萝卜胚状体的分化率,对共培养后的诱导培养基进行再优化是必要的。     

农杆菌介导的水稻草矮病毒NS6基因的转化

水稻草矮病毒(Ricegrassystuntvirus,RGSV)RNA6片段毒义链编码的非结构蛋白NS6,与病害症状密切相关,被称为病害特异蛋白.因此,应用农杆菌介导法,选取对RGSV表现不同抗性的台农67、中花6号、中花12号、中花15号、台中1号、合系28和063817个水稻品种,以其未成熟胚或成熟胚预培养4d后,诱导生长旺盛的愈伤组织为外植体,将NS6基因导入其中,对影响水稻再生及农杆菌转化的主要因素进行了比较研究,并获得了转NS6基因工程植株.结果表明,以未成熟胚为受体,获得的抗性愈伤组织转化率明显高于成熟胚;水稻不同品种对农杆菌转化反应不同;添加一定浓度乙酰丁香酮和葡萄糖,可提高抗性愈伤组织形成率;选用G418进行抗性筛选能获得转NS6基因再生植株,用卡那霉素筛选产生的愈伤组织则未能获得再生植株.     

番茄BADH2基因转化水稻

用分子生物学手段,构建含番茄BADH2基因的过表达载体,通过农杆菌介导的方法将其导入日本晴幼胚诱导的愈伤组织,获得了303块潮霉素(Hm)抗性愈伤组织。获得1 059个转化植株。随机选择115个T0植株进行Hyp离体叶片筛选,结果表明,绝大多数植株均呈抗性,并且与PCR检测结果相吻合,说明T0植株中不存在假阳性。     

菠菜甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因在烟草中的表达

构建了含菠菜甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因BADH基因的重组植物表达载体pLM46,转化根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens,LBA4404),用农杆菌介导的叶圆盘法对烟草(Nicotiana tabacumL.)叶片进行遗传转化。在含有潮霉素的MS筛选分化培养基上筛选,获基因转化烟草植株4株。经W estern blot等方法检测,证明BADH基因在烟草转化植株中得到了表达。     

Scarabaeid Larvae- and Herbicide-Resistant Transgenic Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Obtained by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation of cry8Ca2, cry8Ga and bar Genes

Insect pest and weeds are two major problems for forage and turf grasses. In this study, scarab larvae- and herbicideresistant transgenic perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was obtained by transforming it with cry and bar genes simultaneously via the Agrobacterium-mediated method. To optimize the callus induction and plant regeneration conditions, various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine were assayed. The transformation efficiencies of different Agrobacterium suspension media, used during Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, were compared. Then, plasmids of pCAMBIA3301 containing cry gene (cry8Ca2 or cry8Ga) and bar gene, driven by ubiquitin promoter, were transformed into perennial ryegrass. The transformants were generated and confirmed by both Southern hybridization analysis and Western hybridization analysis. Further, the resistance of transgenic perennial ryegrass plants to scarab larvae and herbicide were analyzed. After 30 d of co-cultivation with scarab larvae, the damage to the root system of transgenic plants was less than that of non-transgenic control plants. Additionally, the leaves of transgenic plants were resistant to Basta®, while leaves of the wild plants wilted after Basta® spraying. These results show that cry gene and bar gene were successfully transferred into perennial ryegrass by the Agrobactgerium-mediated method, and convey resistance to scarab larvae and herbicide in transgenic perennial ryegrass plants.     

豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因转化花椰菜的研究

通过根癌农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens介导,将豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(CpTI)基因导入花椰菜无菌苗的下胚轴和子叶中,卡那霉素(Kan)的筛选质量浓度为15mg／L,抑制农杆菌生长的抗生素选用羧苄青霉素(carbencillin),质量浓度为500mg／L,对所获得的转基因植株进行PCR扩增,结果显示大多数为阳性;FCR-Southern及Southern分子检测分析,结果证明CpTI基因已被整合到花椰菜植株的基因组中,转基因植株叶片的离体饲虫初步试验结果表明,埘鳞翅目害虫菜青虫的生长发育育一定的抑制作用。