中国现代小说史编撰的体例演变

选取了若干个具有一定学术权威性的中国现代小说史版本作为研究视点,试图通过诸个版本的演绎,分四个阶段考察中国现代小说史在编撰体例上从＂简单＂到＂宏大＂、再到＂精专＂、最后到试图将＂宏大＂与＂精专＂予以整合的流变。     

近现代陕西医学期刊的起源和发展

为探讨陕西近现代医学期刊的产生和发展,应用文献考证和编辑学方法,对20世纪50年代以前的陕西医学期刊进行了研究。认为从1919年至1949年,创办于陕西本土的医学期刊有近30种。刊期长短不一,从周刊到年刊不等。《西京医药》为陕西省最早的医学综合性月刊。《防疫周刊》刊期最短,出版期数最多。《西大医刊》反映了当时西北地区医学教育及学术研究的最新成果。我陕甘宁边区的卫生机关,在异常艰苦的战争年代也先后创办了10余种医疗卫生报刊。这些报刊为中华人民共和国成立后我国数百种军医期刊的繁荣积累了宝贵的经验。     

Light Pollution: Outdoor lighting is a growing threat to astronomy

There have been major qualitative and quantitative changes in outdoor lighting technology in the last decade. The level of skylight caused by outdoor lighting systems is growing at a very high rate, about 20 percent per year nationwide. In addition, the spectral distribution of man-made light pollution may change in the next decade from one containing a few mercury lines to one containing dozens of lines and a significantly increased continuum level. Light pollution is presently damaging to some astronomical programs, and it is likely to become a major factor limiting progress in the next decade. Suitable sites in the United States for new dark sky observing facilities are very difficult to find. Some of the increase in outdoor illumination is due to the character of national growth and development. Some is due to promotional campaigns, in which questionable arguments involving public safety are presented. There are protective measures which might be adopted by the government; these would significantly aid observational astronomy, without compromising the legitimate outdoor lighting needs of society. Observatories should establish programs to routinely monitor sky brightness as a function of position, wavelength, and time. The astronomical community should establish a mechanism by which such programs can be supported and coordinated.     

医学病理学的发展与我国近代兽医病理学

兽医病理学的发展同整个医学的发展密切相关。本文回顾了医学病理学的发展进程,着重叙述了我国近代兽医病理学的发展,特别是改革开放以来,我国兽医病理学事业的进步历程。     

Electronic optical astronomy: philosophy and practice

The changes resulting from this electronic revolution have an impact as great as or greater than those from any of the major instrumental developments of the past. In previous times astronomers could only hope for the observational power that can now be realized by modern electronic instrumentation.     

Up to now: A history of American Agriculture from Jefferson to revolution to crisis

Written as a contribution to the Social Science Agricultural Agenda Project, this essay in historical interpretation assumes that the main contribution that historians can make to the planning process is to describe and explain how the situation facing the planners came to be. Organized around three concepts—Jeffersonian or democratic agrarianism, the Great American Agricultural Revolution, and the farm crisis of the 1980s, the main implication of the paper may be that Jeffersonianism, once so filled with promise, now gets in the way of realistic thinking about farming and rural life. To implement agrarian values in existing circumstances, we would need to do more than end the crisis. We would need to move back against the revolution.