杂交桑“四当年”技术研究

为了摸索杂交桑育苗及快速成园的技术规律,一九九二年我们在高安县大城乡进行了杂交桑“四当年”即当年育苗、当年移栽、当年养蚕、当年见效的技术研究,取得了较好的效果。现将该项试验研究的情况综述如下:     

杂交桑在云南不同海拔区域栽植长势分析

调查4个杂交桑品种在云南省海拔550m、1200m和1850m三个区域的生长情况和产量,结果表明:杂交桑适应性较强,具有良好的丰产性,当年种桑当年可投产养蚕,次年进入丰产期;随着海拔升高,产量下降;桑特优2号表现最好,桂桑优12号、桂桑优62号显著优于沙2×伦109.建议在云南省大力推广种植优良杂交桑,降低种桑建园投入...     

杂交桑的养蚕制种试验初报

杂交桑的养蚕制种试验初报李玉峰（浙江省湖州市蚕业研究所３１３０００）我所于１９９２年从广西引进杂交桑籽“沙二×伦１０９”，从当地的栽培情况来看，杂交桑繁殖容易、生长快、产叶量高。当年春播桑籽，秋期就可养蚕用叶，无需嫁接，可以一步成园，能大大加快桑园基...     

杂交桑直播套种成园,当年大收益

本介绍了一种杂交桑直播套种成园新技术，播种当年成园，当年产叶１７５０ｋｇ，养蚕、套种及多余桑苗收入共２９６５元，当年大收益，并提前１年进入盛产期。     

杂交桑栽培及收获技术探讨

<正> 传统的栽桑模式投资大、见效慢。在茧丝绸市场行情极不稳定的形势下,推广杂交桑栽培是快速发展蚕桑、抢抓市场机遇、致富农民的有效途径。杂交桑栽培具有成本低、收效快的优势。选用杂交桑栽培发展蚕桑能适应市场变化、抵御市场风险,有较强的适应性。2000年春南京从广东购进了一代杂交桑种沙二×伦109在高淳县试种,取得了较好的效果。2001年春季高淳县、江宁区进行大面积推广种植,当年取得了显著的经济效益。     

浅析杂交桑冬插膜盖育苗与高产桑园建设

杂交桑在我县以往一直是采取春播冬栽,第二年采叶养蚕的传统方法,没有充分发挥杂交桑早生(?)发,早成园早投产,见效快的优势。为此,1991年冬我们在高桥楼乡莲花坪村进行杂交桑冬季扦插膜盖育苗,夏季建园栽桑,通过精细培育管理,当年饲养中、晚二次秋蚕,每亩养1～1.5张,产茧50公斤左右,产值350～400元,达到了当年收益的效果。     

浅谈杂交桑扦插及其一步成园

杂交桑源于广东、福建、广西。从广东和我县种植的情况看,它有四个突出优点: 1.适应性广,生长力强。平原、水田、丘陵、沙滩、荒地均可种植,且产最比较稳定;顶芽粗壮,第一节间短,开叶快,叶片大且多;再生能力强。 2.生长迅速,投产早,受益快。在正常气候条件下,只要管理得当,春季种桑,夏季就可以少量养蚕,一般当年可以养二次蚕,做到“当年栽桑,当年养蚕,当年受益”。     

广东桑树多倍体及其育种研究的进展

普查了五个桑种３６０份材料，获得三倍体桑１８份，四倍体桑１份，六倍体桑９份；建立了应用秋水仙素处理广东桑杂种实生苗（有性系）诱导四倍体的技术程序，首次育成广东桑四倍体１０２份；研究其性状，选出具有高产、优质、种子结实性高的四倍体材料一批；并利用亲本，初步育成具有高产、优质三倍体桑杂交组合７个，提供生产鉴定示范。     

杂交桑栽培技术的研究与应用

1988年冬我市从广东引进“沙2×伦教109”和“塘10×伦教109”两个杂交桑组合,组织开展了“杂交桑栽培技术研究与应用”试验课题,对杂交桑的适应性及栽培技术进行了多次试验研究,提出了一套适应本地条件的杂交桑高产栽培技术,取得了良好的经济效益。现将情况报告如下。     

杂交桑草本化收获在种茧育上的应用研究

杂交桑具有发芽率高、耐剪伐、可草本化栽培等特点，能实现当年育苗、当年建园、当年养蚕，起到省工省时，提高劳动生产率、土地利用率、资金投入回报率，对促进规模种植，实现省力化、产业化经营有积极的推动作用。当前，我省部分蚕区已进行     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.