奶牛乳腺炎的诊断与防治

奶牛乳腺炎是由多种致病因素引起的乳房急慢性炎症,特征是患病奶牛乳汁发生理化性质的改变,乳腺组织产生病灶。在实际生产中,最易观察到的是乳汁颜色发生明显改变,乳汁中出现大量凝块及白细胞。本文总结了奶牛乳腺炎的主要症状和流行病学,并提出了抗生素治疗、全身治疗、乳房灌注和干奶期疗法等治疗措施。     

奶牛乳腺炎防治研究进展

本文对近年来国内外对奶牛乳腺炎防治的研究进展进行了综述。内容包括抗生素治疗、疫苗免疫、生物疗法(细胞因子疗法、溶菌酶疗法、抗菌肽疗法)、中药疗法的研究进展等。     

奶牛乳腺炎防治的思考与探讨

从 3个方面分析了奶牛乳腺炎防治失败的原因 ,包括 :抗生素 ,细菌和宿主之间相互作用和自身发生变化 ;不注重隐性乳房炎的治疗 ;挤奶技术、设备、程序不当等。提出防治乳腺炎几点建议 :创造良好的饲养环境 ;补充维生素和微量元素 ;开发研制奶牛乳腺炎疫苗 ;奶牛乳腺炎的综合治疗     

奶牛乳腺炎的诊断与防治

奶牛乳腺炎是奶牛常见的疾病之一,也是花费最大的奶牛疾病之一,分为隐性乳腺炎和临床乳腺炎。乳腺炎能够导致奶牛的产奶量大大下降。由于隐性乳腺炎不表现临床症状,难以及时发现和治疗,所以往往给奶牛生产带来很大的经济损失。在国内,许多奶牛场的奶牛乳腺炎患病率高达50％以上。     

奶牛乳腺炎的综合防治

奶牛乳腺炎是一种多因素性疫病,是奶牛饲养中花费最高的疾病之一。乳腺炎的发生与病原微生物、环境卫生和挤奶方式有着直接的关系。本文主要介绍奶牛乳腺炎的病因、发病症状、诊断、治疗及综合预防等,为预防和治疗该病提供参考依据。     

蜂胶防治奶牛乳腺炎研究进展

乳腺炎是奶牛养殖过程中最常见的疾病,可造成畜牧业的重大经济损失。蜂胶作为一种动植物双源性天然药物,具有包括抗菌消炎在内的多种生物学活性及药理学作用,能替代传统抗生素应用在奶牛乳腺炎的防治过程中。本文在概括了奶牛乳腺炎的病因、临床症状、发病过程、治疗手段的基础上,重点综述了近年来在利用蜂胶防治奶牛乳腺炎的研究和应用进展,为临床上利用蜂胶防治奶牛乳腺炎提供参考。     

奶牛乳腺炎及其防治研究进展

主要分析了诱发奶牛乳腺炎的物理性、生物性和营养性因素及其发病规律,介绍了奶牛乳腺炎的预防措施及治疗方法,以期为临床有效防治奶牛乳腺炎提供参考。     

中草药防治奶牛乳腺炎的研究进展

综述了近年来中草药防治奶牛乳腺炎的研究进展、防治机理,并对中草药防治奶牛乳腺炎的前景进行了展望,指出中草药治疗奶牛乳腺炎具有广阔的前景.     

奶牛乳房炎防制浅谈

奶牛乳房炎是奶牛乳腺发生的一种炎症，本质上是乳腺炎（Mastistis）。奶牛乳房炎十分常见，影响因素复杂，并且给奶牛业经济带来严重损失。乳房炎造成的经济损失有生产性能的下降、替代品费用的增加、奶的丢弃、药费的开支、兽医和劳动力的费用等，而生产性能的下降是引起巨大经济损失的主要原因。袁永隆等调查结果表明，临床型乳房炎发病率平均为33．41％，隐性乳房炎平均阳性率为73．91％，乳室患病率为44．74％。     

奶牛乳房炎的防治

奶牛乳房炎（Bouine Mastitis）又名奶牛乳腺炎,是乳腺腺泡或间质炎症的总称。特点是防治难、花费成本高。它严重地阻碍着奶牛业的发展,对全球经济造成巨大的损失。该病广泛存在于世界各地,是奶牛饲养中的一种常见病。奶牛发病后所造成的产奶量下降,大量的乳房炎阳性奶的废弃,以及兽医治疗,严重感染造成的奶牛过早的淘汰,给养殖业造成了很大的损失,     

中草药防治奶牛乳房炎的研究进展

<正>奶牛乳房炎是奶牛的常见病和多发病,不仅影响奶牛的产奶量和牛乳质量,而且导致奶牛过早淘汰和受孕率降低,多年来国内外对奶牛乳房炎的防治进行了广泛深入的研究,至今该病仍是影响世界奶牛业经     

奶牛乳房炎的防治

奶牛乳房炎是一种常见病和多发病,是目前严重危害和困扰奶牛养殖业及产奶业最常见的疾病之一,此病的发生不仅严重地影响了奶牛产奶量和奶质,而且还会造成奶牛使用年限减少,淘汰提前,饲料汇报率降低,治疗和管理成本增加,乳中兽药和抗生素残留,危及人类健康和环境安全等巨大经济损失,直接影响着养殖业的经济收入。为了减少该病的发生,提高乳质量,对我场奶牛进行了奶牛乳房炎的发病规律和治疗情况的调查,并且提出相应的防治措施,有效的控制了乳房炎的发生。     

Methods of diagnosing subclinical mastitis in dairy cow mastitis control programs

The number of somatic cells and the isolation of the causative agents of mastitis in quarter, composite, bucket, and bulk tank samples of cow's milk was determined four times during a six-month period. The number of somatic cells in milk samples indicated a degree of mastitis infection and was influenced neither by the year season nor by the length of lactation. At a repeated examination of 28 dairy cows an increased number of somatic cells in milk was found once in 68 udder quarters and with three successive samplings only in 21 quarters. The etiological agents of mastitis were detected once in 31 quarters and three times in succession only in five quarters. The number of cows positive by the number of cells in quarter samples of milk increased from 52.9-58.8% at a single examination to as much as 100% at four examinations. The etiological agents of mastitis were isolated in a single examination in 17.6% of cows and at four examinations in 58.8% of cows. The composite and bucket samples of milk containing 200 to 300 thousand cells per ml are recommended to be considered as mastitis-positive: in 68 to 78% they came from cows having more than 500 thousand cells per ml at least in one quarter sample. The number of cells in a bulk sample was in correlation with the percentage of cows having a positive NK-test (similar to CMT) and positive isolation of S. agalactiae from quarter milk samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

钴在奶牛营养中的研究与应用

钴是奶牛营养中不可缺乏的微量元素之一,在奶牛机体内的新陈代谢、生长发育、繁殖以及免疫等方面发挥重要作用。笔者主要就钴在动物机体内的新陈代谢、生物学功能及其在奶牛营养中的应用等方面进行了综述。     

奶牛业的发展前景及措施

1　发展奶牛业前景广阔发展奶牛业 ,既是为了生产牛奶 ,提高国民生活水平 ;又可高效充分地利用国土资源 ,改善生态环境 ,优化农业结构 ,促进农村经济发展。奶牛业属于节粮型畜牧业 ,我国人口众多 ,粮食比较紧张 ,随着人口增长 ,耕地减少的双重制约 ,今后畜牧业发展必然受精料不足的限制 ,依靠粮食来发展畜牧业的路子会越走越窄 ,因此 ,必须走“节粮型”、“秸秆型”畜牧业之路 ,发展草食家畜。在人口增长 ,耕地减少 ,粮食生产压力增加的情况下 ,发展奶牛业是最佳的选择。奶牛的饲料转化率高 ,在各种畜禽中 ,其能量转化率最高 ,蛋白质转化效…     

奶牛无乳链球菌疫苗的研究进展

无乳链球菌是奶牛乳房炎最常见的病原体之一,其所致感染率高,给治疗带来了极大困难。疫苗是预防无乳链球菌感染的有效手段,但是无乳链球菌的血清型比较多,给疫苗设计带来非常大的困难。随着现代分子生物学技术的发展,应用基因工程技术重组表达来获取高纯度保护性抗原重组蛋白作为疫苗,是一个很好的发展方向。文中对近年来关于无乳链球菌在此方面的研究做一综述。     

Strategies for mastitis control: dry cow therapy and culling

SUMMARY The effects of three selection strategies for dry cow therapy on prevention of new infections and rate of antibiotic usage were compared. Quarter infection status of 1044 cows in 12 herds was determined by bacteriological methods at drying off, calving and three to five months into the following lactation. Cows that were uninfected at drying off were randomly allocated to treatment (whole udder, dry cow therapy) and non-treatment groups. Infected cows were randomly allocated to whole udder or infected quarter only treatments. The strategies compared were blanket treatment (treat all quarters of all cows), selective cow treatment (treat all quarters of any cow infected in one or more quarters) and selective quarter treatment (treat infected quarters only). Selective cow treatment was identified as the preferred strategy. Blanket treatment resulted in increased antibiotic usage (15.5 vs 6.4 tubes per infection eliminated) with no additional benefit, and selective quarter treatment resulted in a higher new infection rate (6.4%vs 3.9% quarters) in the dry period. The prevalence of infection within a herd at drying off had no influence on new infection rates in the dry period or early lactation. The cure rate after dry cow treatment (mean of 66%) decreased significantly with increasing age (P < 0.001). Cows infected in the previous lactation contributed over 76% of infections at calving and nearly 70% at mid-lactation. To lower the incidence of mastitis in a herd, a greater emphasis on culling of older infected cows and prevention of new infections during lactation is needed.